aurora Who acts: aurora, display, name, We, you, particles · What happens: be, move, see, sleep, watch, call · To what, where: display, night sky, aurora borealis, north, name, Beauty · Speech: someone speaks here
«aurora» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: aurora in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An aurora is a display of moving, coloured light (often green, pink or purple) in the night sky near the North or South Pole.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj cop det mark acl punct amod conj punct advmod parataxis punct conj cc conj punct case det compound obl case det compound cc conj obl punct root An DET aurora NOUN is AUX a DET display NOUN of SCONJ moving VERB , PUNCT coloured ADJ light NOUN ( PUNCT often ADV green ADJ , PUNCT pink ADJ or CCONJ purple ADJ ) PUNCT in ADP the DET night NOUN sky NOUN near ADP the DET North PROPN or CCONJ South PROPN Pole PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 aurora det 2 aurora aurora NOUN Number=Sing 5 display nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 display cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 display det 5 display display NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of SCONJ _ 7 moving mark 7 moving move VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 display acl 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 light punct 9 coloured coloured ADJ Degree=Pos 10 light amod 10 light light NOUN Number=Sing 7 moving conj 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 green punct 12 often often ADV _ 13 green advmod 13 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 10 light parataxis 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 pink punct 15 pink pink ADJ Degree=Pos 13 green conj 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 purple cc 17 purple purple ADJ Degree=Pos 13 green conj 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 green punct 19 in in ADP _ 22 sky case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 sky det 21 night night NOUN Number=Sing 22 sky compound 22 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 7 moving obl 23 near near ADP _ 28 Pole case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 28 Pole det 25 North North PROPN Number=Sing 28 Pole compound 26 or or CCONJ _ 27 South cc 27 South South PROPN Number=Sing 25 North conj 28 Pole Pole PROPN Number=Sing 7 moving obl 29 . . PUNCT _ 5 display punct
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1 is a present a aurora a display tree rules 2 move gerund a display not said here the night sky near the North Pole vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in sky=Trajectory
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The aurora borealis (northern lights) is seen in the north; the aurora australis (southern lights) in the south.
The tree, 18 words det compound nsubj:pass punct amod appos punct aux:pass case det obl punct det compound conj punct amod appos punct case det nmod punct root The DET aurora NOUN borealis NOUN ( PUNCT northern ADJ lights NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX seen VERB in ADP the DET north NOUN ; PUNCT the DET aurora NOUN australis NOUN ( PUNCT southern ADJ lights NOUN ) PUNCT in ADP the DET south NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 borealis det 2 aurora aurora NOUN Number=Sing 3 borealis compound 3 borealis borealis NOUN Number=Sing 9 seen nsubj:pass 4 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 lights punct 5 northern northern ADJ Degree=Pos 6 lights amod 6 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 3 borealis appos 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 lights punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 seen aux:pass 9 seen see VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 in in ADP _ 12 north case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 north det 12 north north NOUN Number=Sing 9 seen obl 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 16 australis punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 australis det 15 aurora aurora NOUN Number=Sing 16 australis compound 16 australis australis NOUN Number=Sing 9 seen conj 17 ( ( PUNCT _ 19 lights punct 18 southern southern ADJ Degree=Pos 19 lights amod 19 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 16 australis appos 20 ) ) PUNCT _ 19 lights punct 21 in in ADP _ 23 south case 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 south det 23 south south NOUN Number=Sing 16 australis nmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 9 seen punct
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1 see present · passive the aurora borealis the north vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
Meaning 3 Aurora is a girl's name (a name), the Roman goddess of the dawn, and the name of Sleeping Beauty in the Disney film.
The tree, 24 words nsubj cop det nmod:poss case punct det appos punct punct det amod conj case det nmod punct cc det conj mark acl obj case det compound obl punct root Aurora PROPN is AUX a DET girl NOUN 's PART name NOUN ( PUNCT a DET name NOUN ) PUNCT , PUNCT the DET Roman ADJ goddess NOUN of ADP the DET dawn NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET name NOUN of SCONJ Sleeping VERB Beauty PROPN in ADP the DET Disney PROPN film NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Aurora Aurora PROPN Number=Sing 6 name nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 name cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 girl det 4 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 6 name nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 girl case 6 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 9 name punct 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 name det 9 name name NOUN Number=Sing 6 name appos 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 9 name punct 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 goddess punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 goddess det 13 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 14 goddess amod 14 goddess goddess NOUN Number=Sing 6 name conj 15 of of ADP _ 17 dawn case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 dawn det 17 dawn dawn NOUN Number=Sing 14 goddess nmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 21 name punct 19 and and CCONJ _ 21 name cc 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 name det 21 name name NOUN Number=Sing 6 name conj 22 of of SCONJ _ 23 Sleeping mark 23 Sleeping sleep VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 21 name acl 24 Beauty Beauty PROPN Number=Sing 23 Sleeping obj 25 in in ADP _ 28 film case 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 28 film det 27 Disney Disney PROPN Number=Sing 28 film compound 28 film film NOUN Number=Sing 23 Sleeping obl 29 . . PUNCT _ 6 name punct
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1 is a present Aurora a girl's name and the Roman goddess of the dawn and the name tree rules 2 sleep gerund the name not said here Beauty the Disney film vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent beauty=Value in film=Location
Example 1 We watched the green aurora dance across the sky in Norway.
nsubj det amod compound obj case det obl case obl punct root We PRON watched VERB the DET green ADJ aurora NOUN dance NOUN across ADP the DET sky NOUN in ADP Norway PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 watched nsubj 2 watched watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 dance det 4 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dance amod 5 aurora aurora NOUN Number=Sing 6 dance compound 6 dance dance NOUN Number=Sing 2 watched obj 7 across across ADP _ 9 sky case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sky det 9 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 2 watched obl 10 in in ADP _ 11 Norway case 11 Norway Norway PROPN Number=Sing 2 watched obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 watched punct
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1 watch past We the green aurora dance the sky in Norway vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dance=Theme
Example 2 The aurora borealis is also called the northern lights.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod det amod xcomp punct root The DET aurora NOUN borealis NOUN is AUX also ADV called VERB the DET northern ADJ lights NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 borealis det 2 aurora aurora NOUN Number=Sing 3 borealis compound 3 borealis borealis NOUN Number=Sing 6 called nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 called aux:pass 5 also also ADV _ 6 called advmod 6 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lights det 8 northern northern ADJ Degree=Pos 9 lights amod 9 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 6 called xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 called punct
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1 call present · passive the aurora borealis vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 3 In Tasmania you can sometimes see the aurora australis.
case obl nsubj aux advmod det compound obj punct root In ADP Tasmania PROPN you PRON can AUX sometimes ADV see VERB the DET aurora NOUN australis NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Tasmania case 2 Tasmania Tasmania PROPN Number=Sing 6 see obl 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 see nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 see aux 5 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 6 see advmod 6 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 australis det 8 aurora aurora NOUN Number=Sing 9 australis compound 9 australis australis NOUN Number=Sing 6 see obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 see punct
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1 see can you the aurora australis Tasmania sometimes property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer australis=Stimulus
Example 4 An aurora happens when particles from the Sun hit our atmosphere.
det nsubj advmod nsubj case det nmod advcl nmod:poss obj punct root An DET aurora NOUN happens VERB when ADV particles NOUN from ADP the DET Sun PROPN hit VERB our PRON atmosphere NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 aurora det 2 aurora aurora NOUN Number=Sing 3 happens nsubj 3 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 hit advmod 5 particles particle NOUN Number=Plur 9 hit nsubj 6 from from ADP _ 8 Sun case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Sun det 8 Sun Sun PROPN Number=Sing 5 particles nmod 9 hit hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 happens advcl 10 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 atmosphere nmod:poss 11 atmosphere atmosphere NOUN Number=Sing 9 hit obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 happens punct
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1 happen present a aurora vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 hit past particles from the Sun our atmosphere vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme atmosphere=Co-Theme
Example 5 Last night the aurora was visible even in Scotland.
amod nsubj det nsubj cop advmod case nsubj punct root Last ADJ night NOUN the DET aurora NOUN was AUX visible ADJ even ADV in ADP Scotland PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Last last ADJ Degree=Pos 2 night amod 2 night night NOUN Number=Sing 6 visible nsubj 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 aurora det 4 aurora aurora NOUN Number=Sing 6 visible nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 visible cop 6 visible visible ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 even even ADV _ 9 Scotland advmod 8 in in ADP _ 9 Scotland case 9 Scotland Scotland PROPN Number=Sing 6 visible nsubj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 visible punct
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1 is past Last night visible property tree rules
Example 6 Aurora is the Roman goddess of the dawn.
nsubj cop det amod case det nmod punct root Aurora PROPN is AUX the DET Roman ADJ goddess NOUN of ADP the DET dawn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Aurora Aurora PROPN Number=Sing 5 goddess nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 goddess cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 goddess det 4 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 5 goddess amod 5 goddess goddess NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 dawn case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 dawn det 8 dawn dawn NOUN Number=Sing 5 goddess nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 goddess punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Aurora the Roman goddess dawn tree rules
Example 7 Princess Aurora is the heroine of «Sleeping Beauty».
nsubj appos cop det mark punct acl obj punct punct root Princess NOUN Aurora PROPN is AUX the DET heroine NOUN of SCONJ « PUNCT Sleeping VERB Beauty NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Princess princess NOUN Number=Sing 5 heroine nsubj 2 Aurora Aurora PROPN Number=Sing 1 Princess appos 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 heroine cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 heroine det 5 heroine heroine NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of SCONJ _ 8 Sleeping mark 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 Sleeping punct 8 Sleeping sleep VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 heroine acl 9 Beauty beauty NOUN Number=Sing 8 Sleeping obj 10 » » PUNCT _ 5 heroine punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 heroine punct
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1 is a present Princess the heroine tree rules 2 sleep in a quote gerund the heroine not said here Beauty vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beauty=Theme
Example 8 She stood on the balcony and shone as the Aurora Borealis shines.
nsubj case det obl cc conj case det compound compound obl punct root She PRON stood VERB on ADP the DET balcony NOUN and CCONJ shone VERB as ADP the DET Aurora PROPN Borealis PROPN shines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 stood nsubj 2 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 balcony case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 balcony det 5 balcony balcony NOUN Number=Sing 2 stood obl 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 shone cc 7 shone shine VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 stood conj 8 as as ADP _ 12 shines case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 shines det 10 Aurora Aurora PROPN Number=Sing 11 Borealis compound 11 Borealis Borealis PROPN Number=Sing 12 shines compound 12 shines shine NOUN Number=Plur 7 shone obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past She the balcony vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on balcony=Location 2 shine participle She not said here as the Borealis shines vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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