austerity

Who acts: people, plain simple way, someone, government, library, monks · What happens: spend, have, live, look, act, announce · To what, where: less money, austerity measures, money, life, cold austerity, children

«austerity» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: austerity in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

A time when a government cuts spending sharply and people have less money and fewer services.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 time	det
2	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spending	obl:unmarked
3	when	when	SCONJ	_	6 cuts	mark
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 government	det
5	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cuts	nsubj
6	cuts	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 spending	aux
7	spending	spend	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	sharply	sharply	ADV	_	7 spending	advmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 have	cc
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 have	nsubj
11	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 spending	conj
12	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 money	amod
13	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 have	obj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 services	cc
15	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 services	amod
16	services	service	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 money	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 spending	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spend	present					time	sharply property	vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	have	present	people	less money and fewer services					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A plain, simple way of living without comforts or luxury: the austerity of a monk's life.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 way	det
2	plain	plain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 way	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 plain	punct
4	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 way	amod
5	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 living	mark
7	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 way	acl
8	without	without	ADP	_	9 comforts	case
9	comforts	comfort	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 living	obl
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 luxury	cc
11	luxury	luxury	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 comforts	conj
12	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 austerity	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 austerity	det
14	austerity	austerity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 way	conj
15	of	of	ADP	_	19 life	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 monk	det
17	monk	monk	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 life	nmod:poss
18	's	's	PART	_	17 monk	case
19	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 austerity	nmod
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 way	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	gerund	a plain simple way and the austerity of a monk's life not said here					without comforts or luxury	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 3

Strictness or seriousness in how someone looks or acts.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Strictness	strictness	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 seriousness	cc
3	seriousness	seriousness	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Strictness	conj
4	in	in	SCONJ	_	7 looks	mark
5	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 looks	advmod
6	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 looks	nsubj
7	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 seriousness	acl:relcl
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 acts	cc
9	acts	act	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 looks	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Strictness	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present	someone						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	act	present	someone not said here						vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

The government announced austerity measures to save money.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 government	det
2	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 announced	nsubj
3	announced	announce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	austerity	austerity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 measures	compound
5	measures	measure	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 announced	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 save	mark
7	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 announced	advcl
8	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 save	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 announced	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	announce speech: other	past	the government	austerity measures					vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent measure=Theme
2	save	to-infinitive	the government not said here	money					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme

Example 2

During the years of austerity, the library opened only three days a week.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	During	during	ADP	_	3 years	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 years	det
3	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 opened	obl
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 austerity	case
5	austerity	austerity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 years	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 years	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 library	det
8	library	library	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 opened	nsubj
9	opened	open	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	only	only	ADV	_	11 three	advmod
11	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 days	nummod
12	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 opened	obj
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 week	det
14	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 days	nmod:unmarked
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 opened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	open	past	the library				day; year		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

After the war people lived with austerity and rationing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	3 war	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 war	det
3	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lived	obl
4	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lived	nsubj
5	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 austerity	case
7	austerity	austerity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lived	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 rationing	cc
9	rationing	ration	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 austerity	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 lived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	people				after the war	with austerity	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with austerity=Location
2	ration	gerund	people not said here						vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

Example 4

The monks lived a life of austerity, with plain food and no luxuries.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 monks	det
2	monks	monk	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lived	nsubj
3	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 life	det
5	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lived	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 austerity	case
7	austerity	austerity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 life	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 food	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	11 food	case
10	plain	plain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 food	amod
11	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lived	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 luxuries	cc
13	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	14 luxuries	det
14	luxuries	luxury	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 food	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	the monks	a life of austerity				with plain food and no luxuries	vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme life=Location

Example 5

The bare room had a cold austerity.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 room	det
2	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 room	amod
3	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 had	nsubj
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 austerity	det
6	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 austerity	amod
7	austerity	austerity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 had	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the bare room	a cold austerity					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent austerity=Patient

Example 6

The austerity of her face made the children quiet.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 austerity	det
2	austerity	austerity	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 face	case
4	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 face	nmod:poss
5	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 austerity	nmod
6	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 children	det
8	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	obj
9	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 made	xcomp
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	the austerity of austerity's face	the children				quiet property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset child=Product

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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