backbone Who acts: backbone, line, important part, Having, small bones, fish · What happens: be, call, hold up, have, mean, do · To what, where: line, spine, important part, rest, backbone, right thing · Speech: someone speaks here
«backbone» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: backbone in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The backbone is the line of bones down the middle of your back, also called the spine.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det case nmod case det nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct advmod acl det xcomp punct root The DET backbone NOUN is AUX the DET line NOUN of ADP bones NOUN down ADP the DET middle NOUN of ADP your PRON back NOUN , PUNCT also ADV called VERB the DET spine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 backbone det 2 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 5 line nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 line cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 line det 5 line line NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 bones case 7 bones bone NOUN Number=Plur 5 line nmod 8 down down ADP _ 10 middle case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 middle det 10 middle middle NOUN Number=Sing 5 line nmod 11 of of ADP _ 13 back case 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 back nmod:poss 13 back back NOUN Number=Sing 10 middle nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 called punct 15 also also ADV _ 16 called advmod 16 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 line acl 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 spine det 18 spine spine NOUN Number=Sing 16 called xcomp 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 line punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the backbone the line of bones; down the middle of your back tree rules 2 call participle the line not said here the spine vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The backbone of something is its most important part, which holds the rest up.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj case nmod cop nmod:poss advmod amod punct nsubj acl:relcl det obj compound:prt punct root The DET backbone NOUN of ADP something PRON is AUX its PRON most ADV important ADJ part NOUN , PUNCT which PRON holds VERB the DET rest NOUN up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 backbone det 2 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 9 part nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 something case 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 backbone nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 part cop 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 part nmod:poss 7 most most ADV Degree=Sup 8 important advmod 8 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 9 part amod 9 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 holds punct 11 which which PRON PronType=Rel 12 holds nsubj 12 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 part acl:relcl 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 rest det 14 rest rest NOUN Number=Sing 12 holds obj 15 up up ADP _ 12 holds compound:prt 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the backbone of something backbone's important part tree rules 2 hold up present backbone's important part the rest vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot rest=Theme
Meaning 3 Having backbone means being brave and strong enough to do the right thing.
csubj obj cop xcomp cc conj advmod mark advcl det amod obj punct root Having VERB backbone NOUN means VERB being AUX brave ADJ and CCONJ strong ADJ enough ADV to PART do VERB the DET right ADJ thing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 means csubj 2 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 1 Having obj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 brave cop 5 brave brave ADJ Degree=Pos 3 means xcomp 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 strong cc 7 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 5 brave conj 8 enough enough ADV _ 7 strong advmod 9 to to PART _ 10 do mark 10 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 strong advcl 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 thing det 12 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 13 thing amod 13 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 10 do obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have gerund backbone vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backbone=Patient 2 mean present Having vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 is not said to happen gerund Having not said here brave property tree rules 4 be Having not said here enough property tree rules 5 do to-infinitive Having not said here the right thing vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality
Example 1 Your backbone is made of small bones called vertebrae.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl acl xcomp punct root Your PRON backbone NOUN is AUX made VERB of ADP small ADJ bones NOUN called VERB vertebrae NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 backbone nmod:poss 2 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 bones case 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bones amod 7 bones bone NOUN Number=Plur 4 made obl 8 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 bones acl 9 vertebrae vertebra NOUN Number=Plur 8 called xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Your backbone of small bones vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product 2 call participle small bones not said here vertebrae vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 A fish has a backbone, but a worm does not.
det nsubj det obj punct cc det nsubj parataxis advmod punct root A DET fish NOUN has VERB a DET backbone NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ a DET worm NOUN does VERB not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 fish det 2 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 backbone det 5 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 does punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 does cc 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 worm det 9 worm worm NOUN Number=Sing 10 does nsubj 10 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 has parataxis 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 does advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a fish a backbone vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backbone=Patient 2 not do present a worm vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Sit up straight to look after your backbone.
compound:prt advmod mark advcl case nmod:poss obl punct root Sit VERB up ADP straight ADV to PART look VERB after ADP your PRON backbone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sit sit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 up up ADP _ 1 Sit compound:prt 3 straight straight ADV _ 1 Sit advmod 4 to to PART _ 5 look mark 5 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Sit advcl 6 after after ADP _ 8 backbone case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 backbone nmod:poss 8 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 5 look obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Sit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit up imperative you not said here straight property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 look to-infinitive you not said here after your backbone vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Example 4 Farmers are the backbone of the country.
nsubj cop det case det nmod punct root Farmers NOUN are AUX the DET backbone NOUN of ADP the DET country NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 4 backbone nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 backbone cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 backbone det 4 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 country case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 country det 7 country country NOUN Number=Sing 4 backbone nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 backbone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Farmers the backbone of the country tree rules
Example 5 It takes backbone to stand up to a bully.
nsubj obj mark xcomp compound:prt case det obl punct root It PRON takes VERB backbone NOUN to PART stand VERB up ADP to ADP a DET bully NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 takes nsubj 2 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 2 takes obj 4 to to PART _ 5 stand mark 5 stand stand VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 takes xcomp 6 up up ADP _ 5 stand compound:prt 7 to to ADP _ 9 bully case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 bully det 9 bully bully NOUN Number=Sing 5 stand obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 takes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present It backbone vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent backbone=Theme clause=Attribute 2 stand up to-infinitive to a bully vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The goalkeeper is the backbone of our team.
det nsubj cop det case nmod:poss nmod punct root The DET goalkeeper NOUN is AUX the DET backbone NOUN of ADP our PRON team NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 goalkeeper det 2 goalkeeper goalkeeper NOUN Number=Sing 5 backbone nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 backbone cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 backbone det 5 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 team case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 team nmod:poss 8 team team NOUN Number=Sing 5 backbone nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 backbone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the goalkeeper the backbone of our team tree rules
Example 7 Insects are animals without a backbone.
nsubj cop case det nmod punct root Insects NOUN are AUX animals NOUN without ADP a DET backbone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 3 animals nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 animals cop 3 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 without without ADP _ 6 backbone case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 backbone det 6 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 3 animals nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 animals punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Insects animals without a backbone tree rules
Example 8 Feel the bumps of your backbone down your back.
det obj case nmod:poss nmod compound:prt nmod:poss obj punct root Feel VERB the DET bumps NOUN of ADP your PRON backbone NOUN down ADP your PRON back NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bumps det 3 bumps bump NOUN Number=Plur 1 Feel obj 4 of of ADP _ 6 backbone case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 backbone nmod:poss 6 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 3 bumps nmod 7 down down ADP _ 1 Feel compound:prt 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 back nmod:poss 9 back back NOUN Number=Sing 1 Feel obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel down imperative you not said here the bumps of your backbone vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent bump=Theme back=Eventuality 2 bump your backbone nom bump «state transitive»: of=patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous backachenext → backfire↑ back to B in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/backbone/