backstroke Who acts: Backstroke, way, I, you, Backstroke races, flags · What happens: be, swim, move, kick, float, look · To what, where: way, back, arms, head, legs, one movement
«backstroke» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: backstroke in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Backstroke is a way of swimming on your back, moving your arms backwards one after the other over your head and kicking your legs.
The tree, 24 words nsubj cop det mark acl case nmod:poss obl punct acl nmod:poss obj advmod obl case det nmod case nmod:poss obl cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root Backstroke NOUN is AUX a DET way NOUN of SCONJ swimming VERB on ADP your PRON back NOUN , PUNCT moving VERB your PRON arms NOUN backwards ADV one NUM after ADP the DET other ADJ over ADP your PRON head NOUN and CCONJ kicking VERB your PRON legs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 4 way nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 way cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 way det 4 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 swimming mark 6 swimming swim VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 way acl 7 on on ADP _ 9 back case 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 back nmod:poss 9 back back NOUN Number=Sing 6 swimming obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 moving punct 11 moving move VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 way acl 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 arms nmod:poss 13 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 11 moving obj 14 backwards backwards ADV _ 15 one advmod 15 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 moving obl 16 after after ADP _ 18 other case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 other det 18 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 15 one nmod 19 over over ADP _ 21 head case 20 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 21 head nmod:poss 21 head head NOUN Number=Sing 11 moving obl 22 and and CCONJ _ 23 kicking cc 23 kicking kick VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 moving conj 24 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 25 legs nmod:poss 25 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 23 kicking obj 26 . . PUNCT _ 4 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Backstroke a way tree rules 2 swim gerund a way not said here your back vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on back=Trajectory 3 move gerund a way not said here your arms your head one after the other obl vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent arm=Theme over head=Trajectory 4 kick gerund a way not said here your legs vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A backstroke is one movement of the arm in this style.
det nsubj cop nummod case det nmod case det nmod punct root A DET backstroke NOUN is AUX one NUM movement NOUN of ADP the DET arm NOUN in ADP this DET style NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 backstroke det 2 backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 5 movement nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 movement cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 movement nummod 5 movement movement NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 arm case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 arm det 8 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 5 movement nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 style case 10 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 style det 11 style style NOUN Number=Sing 8 arm nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 movement punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a backstroke one movement of the arm in this style tree rules
Example 1 I swam two lengths of backstroke today.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod obl:unmarked punct root I PRON swam VERB two NUM lengths NOUN of ADP backstroke NOUN today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 swam nsubj 2 swam swim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 lengths nummod 4 lengths length NOUN Number=Plur 2 swam obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 backstroke case 6 backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 4 lengths nmod 7 today today NOUN Number=Sing 2 swam obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 swam punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim past I two lengths of backstroke today vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme length=Trajectory
Example 2 In backstroke you float on your back and look at the ceiling.
case obl nsubj case nmod:poss obl cc conj case det obl punct root In ADP backstroke NOUN you PRON float VERB on ADP your PRON back NOUN and CCONJ look VERB at ADP the DET ceiling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 backstroke case 2 backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 4 float obl 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 float nsubj 4 float float VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 back case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 back nmod:poss 7 back back NOUN Number=Sing 4 float obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 look cc 9 look look VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 float conj 10 at at ADP _ 12 ceiling case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 ceiling det 12 ceiling ceiling NOUN Number=Sing 9 look obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 float punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 float present you backstroke on your back vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme in backstroke=Source on back=Trajectory 2 look infinitive you not said here at the ceiling vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at ceiling=Theme
Example 3 Backstroke races start in the water, not from the blocks.
compound nsubj case det obl punct advmod case det obl punct root Backstroke NOUN races NOUN start VERB in ADP the DET water NOUN , PUNCT not PART from ADP the DET blocks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 2 races compound 2 races race NOUN Number=Plur 3 start nsubj 3 start start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 water case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 water det 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 start obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 blocks punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 blocks advmod 9 from from ADP _ 11 blocks case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 blocks det 11 blocks block NOUN Number=Plur 3 start obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 start punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start present Backstroke races the water from the blocks vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 4 The flags warn backstroke swimmers that the wall is near.
det nsubj compound obj mark det nsubj cop advcl punct root The DET flags NOUN warn VERB backstroke NOUN swimmers NOUN that SCONJ the DET wall NOUN is AUX near ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 flags det 2 flags flag NOUN Number=Plur 3 warn nsubj 3 warn warn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 5 swimmers compound 5 swimmers swimmer NOUN Number=Plur 3 warn obj 6 that that SCONJ _ 10 near mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 wall det 8 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 10 near nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 near cop 10 near near ADJ Degree=Pos 3 warn advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 warn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 warn speech: warn present the flags backstroke swimmers vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent swimmer=Recipient 2 is present the wall near property tree rules
Example 5 She won the gold medal in the 200 metres backstroke.
nsubj det compound obj case det nummod compound obl punct root She PRON won VERB the DET gold NOUN medal NOUN in ADP the DET 200 NUM metres NOUN backstroke NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 won nsubj 2 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 medal det 4 gold gold NOUN Number=Sing 5 medal compound 5 medal medal NOUN Number=Sing 2 won obj 6 in in ADP _ 10 backstroke case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 backstroke det 8 200 200 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 metres nummod 9 metres metre NOUN Number=Plur 10 backstroke compound 10 backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 2 won obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past She the gold medal the metres backstroke vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medal=Eventuality
Example 6 Keep your tummy up when you do backstroke.
nmod:poss obj compound:prt advmod nsubj advcl obj punct root Keep VERB your PRON tummy NOUN up ADP when ADV you PRON do VERB backstroke NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 tummy nmod:poss 3 tummy tummy NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obj 4 up up ADP _ 1 Keep compound:prt 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 do advmod 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 do nsubj 7 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Keep advcl 8 backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 7 do obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep up imperative you not said here your tummy vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent tummy=Theme 2 do present you backstroke vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backstroke=Eventuality
Example 7 Each backstroke pulled him further down the pool.
det nsubj obj advmod case det obl punct root Each DET backstroke NOUN pulled VERB him PRON further ADV down ADP the DET pool NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 backstroke det 2 backstroke backstroke NOUN Number=Sing 3 pulled nsubj 3 pulled pull VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 pulled obj 5 further further ADV _ 3 pulled advmod 6 down down ADP _ 8 pool case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 pool det 8 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 3 pulled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 pulled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pull past each backstroke him = he down the pool; further property vn push-12-1 «NP V NP ADJP-Result»: agent=Agent he=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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