backwater Who acts: water, new ideas, Ratty, Water lilies, Ducks, uncle · What happens: be, happen, arrive, steer, grow, dabble · To what, where: boat, quiet backwater, backwater, sleepy backwater, little backwater, backwaters · Speech: someone speaks here
«backwater» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: backwater in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A part of a river where the water is still or slow, away from the main current, often behind a bend or a weir.
The tree, 24 words det case det nmod advmod det nsubj cop advmod cc acl:relcl punct conj case det amod obl punct advmod case det conj cc det conj punct root A DET part NOUN of ADP a DET river NOUN where ADV the DET water NOUN is AUX still ADV or CCONJ slow ADJ , PUNCT away ADV from ADP the DET main ADJ current NOUN , PUNCT often ADV behind ADP a DET bend NOUN or CCONJ a DET weir NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 part det 2 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 5 river case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 river det 5 river river NOUN Number=Sing 2 part nmod 6 where where ADV PronType=Rel 12 slow advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 water det 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 12 slow nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 slow cop 10 still still ADV _ 12 slow advmod 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 slow cc 12 slow slow ADJ Degree=Pos 5 river acl:relcl 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 away punct 14 away away ADV _ 12 slow conj 15 from from ADP _ 18 current case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 current det 17 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 18 current amod 18 current current NOUN Number=Sing 14 away obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 23 bend punct 20 often often ADV _ 23 bend advmod 21 behind behind ADP _ 23 bend case 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 bend det 23 bend bend NOUN Number=Sing 2 part conj 24 or or CCONJ _ 26 weir cc 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 weir det 26 weir weir NOUN Number=Sing 23 bend conj 27 . . PUNCT _ 2 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the water still slow property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A quiet place, such as a small town, where not much happens and new ideas arrive slowly.
The tree, 17 words det amod punct case fixed det amod conj punct advmod advmod advmod parataxis cc amod nsubj conj advmod punct root A DET quiet ADJ place NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET small ADJ town NOUN , PUNCT where ADV not PART much ADV happens VERB and CCONJ new ADJ ideas NOUN arrive VERB slowly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 place det 2 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 3 place amod 3 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 9 town punct 5 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 9 town case 6 as as ADP _ 5 such fixed 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 town det 8 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 9 town amod 9 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 place conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 happens punct 11 where where ADV PronType=Rel 14 happens advmod 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 much advmod 13 much much ADV _ 14 happens advmod 14 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 town parataxis 15 and and CCONJ _ 18 arrive cc 16 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 17 ideas amod 17 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur 18 arrive nsubj 18 arrive arrive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 happens conj 19 slowly slowly ADV _ 18 arrive advmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 3 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 happen present vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 arrive present new ideas slowly property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Ratty steered the boat into a quiet backwater.
nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root Ratty PROPN steered VERB the DET boat NOUN into ADP a DET quiet ADJ backwater NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ratty Ratty PROPN Number=Sing 2 steered nsubj 2 steered steer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 boat det 4 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 2 steered obj 5 into into ADP _ 8 backwater case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 backwater det 7 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 8 backwater amod 8 backwater backwater NOUN Number=Sing 2 steered obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 steered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 steer past Ratty the boat a quiet backwater vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent boat=Theme into backwater=Destination
Example 2 Water lilies grew in the still backwater.
compound nsubj case det advmod obl punct root Water NOUN lilies NOUN grew VERB in ADP the DET still ADV backwater NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 lilies compound 2 lilies lily NOUN Number=Plur 3 grew nsubj 3 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 backwater case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 backwater det 6 still still ADV _ 7 backwater advmod 7 backwater backwater NOUN Number=Sing 3 grew obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past Water lilies the backwater vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in backwater=Location
Example 3 Ducks dabbled in the backwater, away from the strong current.
nsubj case det obl punct advmod case det amod obl punct root Ducks NOUN dabbled VERB in ADP the DET backwater NOUN , PUNCT away ADV from ADP the DET strong ADJ current NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ducks duck NOUN Number=Plur 2 dabbled nsubj 2 dabbled dabble VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 backwater case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 backwater det 5 backwater backwater NOUN Number=Sing 2 dabbled obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 away punct 7 away away ADV _ 2 dabbled advmod 8 from from ADP _ 11 current case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 current det 10 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 11 current amod 11 current current NOUN Number=Sing 7 away obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 dabbled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dabble past Ducks the backwater away property tree rules
Example 4 My uncle says his village is a sleepy backwater.
nmod:poss nsubj nmod:poss nsubj cop det amod ccomp punct root My PRON uncle NOUN says VERB his PRON village NOUN is AUX a DET sleepy ADJ backwater NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 uncle nmod:poss 2 uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 village nmod:poss 5 village village NOUN Number=Sing 9 backwater nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 backwater cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 backwater det 8 sleepy sleepy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 backwater amod 9 backwater backwater NOUN Number=Sing 3 says ccomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present My uncle vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is a present uncle's village a sleepy backwater tree rules
Example 5 The backwater was full of reeds and dragonflies.
det nsubj cop case obl cc conj punct root The DET backwater NOUN was AUX full ADJ of ADP reeds NOUN and CCONJ dragonflies NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 backwater det 2 backwater backwater NOUN Number=Sing 4 full nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 reeds case 6 reeds reed NOUN Number=Plur 4 full obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 dragonflies cc 8 dragonflies dragonfly NOUN Number=Plur 6 reeds conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the backwater of reeds and dragonflies; full property tree rules
Example 6 They tied up the boat in a little backwater for lunch.
nsubj compound:prt det obj case det amod obl case nmod punct root They PRON tied VERB up ADP the DET boat NOUN in ADP a DET little ADJ backwater NOUN for ADP lunch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tied nsubj 2 tied tie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 tied compound:prt 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boat det 5 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 2 tied obj 6 in in ADP _ 9 backwater case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 backwater det 8 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 9 backwater amod 9 backwater backwater NOUN Number=Sing 2 tied obl 10 for for ADP _ 11 lunch case 11 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 9 backwater nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 tied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tie up past They the boat a little backwater for lunch vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Patient
Example 7 Fish rest in backwaters when the river is in flood.
nsubj case obl advmod det nsubj cop case obl punct root Fish NOUN rest VERB in ADP backwaters NOUN when ADV the DET river NOUN is AUX in ADP flood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fish fish NOUN Number=Plur 2 rest nsubj 2 rest rest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 backwaters case 4 backwaters backwater NOUN Number=Plur 2 rest obl 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 flood advmod 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 river det 7 river river NOUN Number=Sing 10 flood nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 flood cop 9 in in ADP _ 10 flood case 10 flood flood NOUN Number=Sing 2 rest obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 rest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rest present Fish backwaters vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in backwater=Location 2 is present the river flood tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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