bale Who acts: bale, bale hay, Bales, farmer, We, machine · What happens: be, tie up, mean, press, bale out, jump out · To what, where: large packed bundle, hay, bales, plane, water, boat · Speech: someone speaks here
«bale» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bale in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bale is a large tightly packed bundle of hay, straw, cotton or wool, tied up with string or wire.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det amod advmod amod case nmod punct conj punct conj cc conj punct acl compound:prt case obl cc conj punct root A DET bale NOUN is AUX a DET large ADJ tightly ADV packed ADJ bundle NOUN of ADP hay NOUN , PUNCT straw NOUN , PUNCT cotton NOUN or CCONJ wool NOUN , PUNCT tied VERB up ADP with ADP string NOUN or CCONJ wire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bale det 2 bale bale NOUN Number=Sing 8 bundle nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 bundle cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 bundle det 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 8 bundle amod 6 tightly tightly ADV _ 7 packed advmod 7 packed packed ADJ Degree=Pos 8 bundle amod 8 bundle bundle NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 hay case 10 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 8 bundle nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 straw punct 12 straw straw NOUN Number=Sing 8 bundle conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 cotton punct 14 cotton cotton NOUN Number=Sing 12 straw conj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 wool cc 16 wool wool NOUN Number=Sing 12 straw conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 tied punct 18 tied tie VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 bundle acl 19 up up ADP _ 18 tied compound:prt 20 with with ADP _ 21 string case 21 string string NOUN Number=Sing 18 tied obl 22 or or CCONJ _ 23 wire cc 23 wire wire NOUN Number=Sing 21 string conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 8 bundle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bale a large packed bundle and straw and cotton or wool of hay tree rules 2 tie up participle a large packed bundle and straw and cotton or wool not said here with string or wire vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient with string=Co-Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To bale hay means to press it into bales.
mark compound nsubj mark xcomp obj case obl punct root To PART bale NOUN hay NOUN means VERB to PART press VERB it PRON into ADP bales NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 hay mark 2 bale bale NOUN Number=Sing 3 hay compound 3 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 press mark 6 press press VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 press obj 8 into into ADP _ 9 bales case 9 bales bale NOUN Number=Plur 6 press obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present bale hay vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 press not said to happen to-infinitive bale hay not said here hay bales vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.
To bale out means to jump out of a plane with a parachute, or to scoop water out of a boat; in the US usually spelt «bail out».
The tree, 28 words mark csubj compound:prt mark xcomp case case det obl case det obl punct cc mark conj obj case case det obl punct case det obl advmod conj punct xcomp compound:prt punct punct root To PART bale VERB out ADP means VERB to PART jump VERB out ADP of ADP a DET plane NOUN with ADP a DET parachute NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART scoop VERB water NOUN out ADP of ADP a DET boat NOUN ; PUNCT in ADP the DET US PROPN usually ADV spelt VERB « PUNCT bail VERB out ADP » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bale mark 2 bale bale VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 out out ADP _ 2 bale compound:prt 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 jump mark 6 jump jump VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 out out ADP _ 10 plane case 8 of of ADP _ 10 plane case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 plane det 10 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 6 jump obl 11 with with ADP _ 13 parachute case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 parachute det 13 parachute parachute NOUN Number=Sing 6 jump obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 scoop punct 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 scoop cc 16 to to PART _ 17 scoop mark 17 scoop scoop VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 jump conj 18 water water NOUN Number=Sing 17 scoop obj 19 out out ADP _ 22 boat case 20 of of ADP _ 22 boat case 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 boat det 22 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 17 scoop obl 23 ; ; PUNCT _ 28 spelt punct 24 in in ADP _ 26 US case 25 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 26 US det 26 US US PROPN Number=Sing 28 spelt obl 27 usually usually ADV _ 28 spelt advmod 28 spelt spelt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 means conj 29 « « PUNCT _ 30 bail punct 30 bail bail VERB VerbForm=Inf 28 spelt xcomp 31 out out ADP _ 30 bail compound:prt 32 » » PUNCT _ 30 bail punct 33 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bale out to-infinitive tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 jump out not said to happen to-infinitive a plane with a parachute vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme plane=Trajectory 4 scoop to-infinitive water a boat vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent water=Theme out boat=Trajectory 5 spelt past in the US; usually property tree rules 6 bail out in a quote infinitive vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Bales can also be large bundles of goods, such as silk or cloth, packed tightly for shipping.
The tree, 17 words nsubj aux advmod cop amod case nmod punct case fixed appos cc conj punct acl advmod case obl punct root Bales NOUN can AUX also ADV be AUX large ADJ bundles NOUN of ADP goods NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP silk NOUN or CCONJ cloth NOUN , PUNCT packed VERB tightly ADV for ADP shipping NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bales bale NOUN Number=Plur 6 bundles nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 bundles aux 3 also also ADV _ 6 bundles advmod 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 bundles cop 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bundles amod 6 bundles bundle NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 goods case 8 goods goods NOUN Number=Ptan 6 bundles nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 silk punct 10 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 12 silk case 11 as as ADP _ 10 such fixed 12 silk silk NOUN Number=Sing 6 bundles appos 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 cloth cc 14 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing 12 silk conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 packed punct 16 packed pack VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 bundles acl 17 tightly tightly ADV _ 16 packed advmod 18 for for ADP _ 19 shipping case 19 shipping shipping NOUN Number=Sing 16 packed obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 bundles punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can Bales large bundles of goods tree rules 2 pack participle large bundles not said here for shipping; tightly property vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The farmer stacked the hay bales in the barn.
det nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN stacked VERB the DET hay NOUN bales NOUN in ADP the DET barn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 stacked nsubj 3 stacked stack VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bales det 5 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 6 bales compound 6 bales bale NOUN Number=Plur 3 stacked obj 7 in in ADP _ 9 barn case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 barn det 9 barn barn NOUN Number=Sing 3 stacked obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 stacked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stack past the farmer the hay bales the barn vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bale=Theme in barn=Destination
Example 2 Each bale weighs 25 kilograms; how much do 8 bales weigh?
det nsubj nummod obj punct advmod obj parataxis nummod compound obj punct root Each DET bale NOUN weighs VERB 25 NUM kilograms NOUN ; PUNCT how ADV much ADJ do VERB 8 NUM bales NOUN weigh NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 bale det 2 bale bale NOUN Number=Sing 3 weighs nsubj 3 weighs weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 25 25 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 kilograms nummod 5 kilograms kilogram NOUN Number=Plur 3 weighs obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 do punct 7 how how ADV PronType=Int 8 much advmod 8 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 9 do obj 9 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 weighs parataxis 10 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 bales nummod 11 bales bale NOUN Number=Plur 12 weigh compound 12 weigh weigh NOUN Number=Sing 9 do obj 13 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 weighs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh present each bale 25 kilograms vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kilogram=Value 2 do present much tree rules
Example 3 We sat on a bale of straw at the fair.
nsubj case det obl case nmod case det obl punct root We PRON sat VERB on ADP a DET bale NOUN of ADP straw NOUN at ADP the DET fair NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sat nsubj 2 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 bale case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bale det 5 bale bale NOUN Number=Sing 2 sat obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 straw case 7 straw straw NOUN Number=Sing 5 bale nmod 8 at at ADP _ 10 fair case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 fair det 10 fair fair NOUN Number=Sing 2 sat obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past We a bale of straw at the fair vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bale=Location
Example 4 The machine bales the hay in the field.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET machine NOUN bales VERB the DET hay NOUN in ADP the DET field NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 machine det 2 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 3 bales nsubj 3 bales bale VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 hay det 5 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 3 bales obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 field case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 field det 8 field field NOUN Number=Sing 3 bales obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 bales punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bale present the machine the hay the field tree rules
Example 5 The pilot had to bale out over the sea.
det nsubj mark xcomp advmod case det obl punct root The DET pilot NOUN had VERB to PART bale VERB out ADV over ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pilot det 2 pilot pilot NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 bale mark 5 bale bale VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 had xcomp 6 out out ADV _ 5 bale advmod 7 over over ADP _ 9 sea case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sea det 9 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 5 bale obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the pilot tree rules 2 bale out to-infinitive the pilot not said here the sea out property tree rules
Example 6 Bale the water out of the boat with this bucket!
nsubj det case case det nmod case det nmod punct root Bale NOUN the DET water NOUN out ADP of ADP the DET boat NOUN with ADP this DET bucket NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bale bale NOUN Number=Sing 3 water nsubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 water det 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 out out ADP _ 7 boat case 5 of of ADP _ 7 boat case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 boat det 7 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 3 water nmod 8 with with ADP _ 10 bucket case 9 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 bucket det 10 bucket bucket NOUN Number=Sing 7 boat nmod 11 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 water punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 7 "So, captain," said I, "the merchant who owned those bales was called Sindbad?"
The tree, 13 words punct advmod punct nsubj punct punct nsubj punct punct det nsubj:pass nsubj acl:relcl det obj aux:pass conj xcomp punct punct root " PUNCT So ADV , PUNCT captain NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB I PRON , PUNCT " PUNCT the DET merchant NOUN who PRON owned VERB those DET bales NOUN was AUX called VERB Sindbad PROPN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 7 said punct 2 So so ADV _ 7 said advmod 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 captain punct 4 captain captain NOUN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 captain punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 4 captain punct 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 said nsubj 9 , , PUNCT _ 18 called punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 18 called punct 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 merchant det 12 merchant merchant NOUN Number=Sing 18 called nsubj:pass 13 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 owned nsubj 14 owned own VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 merchant acl:relcl 15 those that DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 16 bales det 16 bales bale NOUN Number=Plur 14 owned obj 17 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 called aux:pass 18 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 said conj 19 Sindbad Sindbad PROPN Number=Sing 18 called xcomp 20 ? ? PUNCT _ 7 said punct 21 " " PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: ask past captain vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 own in a quote past the merchant that bales vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot bale=Theme 3 call in a quote past · passive the merchant vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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