balkan

Who acts: Balkan countries, We, Balkan Mountains, Many Balkan towns, She, Balkan music · What happens: do, lie, taste, stuff, run, have · To what, where: Balkans, south east, Balkan food, Bulgaria, old stone bridges, holiday

«balkan» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: balkan in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To do with the Balkans, a mountainous region in south-east Europe.

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 do	mark
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 Balkans	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Balkans	det
5	Balkans	Balkan	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 do	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 region	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 region	det
8	mountainous	mountainous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 region	amod
9	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Balkans	appos
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 east	case
11	south	south	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 east	compound
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 south	punct
13	east	east	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 region	nmod
14	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 east	appos
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	to-infinitive		the Balkans					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balkan=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

The Balkans: the countries of that region, such as Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and Kosovo.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Balkans	det
2	Balkans	Balkan	PROPN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 countries	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 countries	det
5	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 Balkans	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 region	case
7	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 region	det
8	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 countries	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 Greece	punct
10	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	12 Greece	case
11	as	as	ADP	_	10 such	fixed
12	Greece	Greece	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 countries	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 Albania	punct
14	Albania	Albania	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 Bulgaria	punct
16	Bulgaria	Bulgaria	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 Macedonia	punct
18	North	North	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 Macedonia	compound
19	Macedonia	Macedonia	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 Serbia	punct
21	Serbia	Serbia	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 Bosnia	punct
23	Bosnia	Bosnia	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 Herzegovina	cc
25	Herzegovina	Herzegovina	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 Montenegro	punct
27	Montenegro	Montenegro	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 Croatia	punct
29	Croatia	Croatia	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 Kosovo	cc
31	Kosovo	Kosovo	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Greece	conj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 Balkans	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

The Balkan countries lie in south-east Europe.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 countries	det
2	Balkan	Balkan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 countries	compound
3	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lie	nsubj
4	lie	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 east	case
6	south	south	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 east	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 south	punct
8	east	east	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lie	obl
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 east	appos
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 lie	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lie	present	the Balkan countries			south east			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in east=Location

Example 2

We tasted Balkan food like burek and stuffed peppers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 tasted	nsubj
2	tasted	taste	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Balkan	Balkan	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 food	compound
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tasted	obj
5	like	like	ADP	_	6 burek	case
6	burek	burek	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 food	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 peppers	cc
8	stuffed	stuff	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 peppers	amod
9	peppers	pepper	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 food	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tasted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	taste	past	We	Balkan food and stuffed peppers				like burek	vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme food=Attribute
2	stuff	participle							vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent

Example 3

The Balkan Mountains run across Bulgaria.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Mountains	det
2	Balkan	Balkan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Mountains	compound
3	Mountains	Mountain	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 run	nsubj
4	run	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	across	across	ADP	_	6 Bulgaria	case
6	Bulgaria	Bulgaria	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 run	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 run	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	present	the Balkan Mountains			Bulgaria			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across bulgaria=Trajectory

Example 4

Many Balkan towns have old stone bridges.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 towns	amod
2	Balkan	balkan	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 towns	amod
3	towns	town	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 bridges	amod
6	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bridges	compound
7	bridges	bridge	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Many Balkan towns	old stone bridges					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient

Example 5

She went on holiday to the Balkans last summer.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 went	nsubj
2	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 holiday	case
4	holiday	holiday	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 Balkans	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Balkans	det
7	Balkans	Balkan	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 went	obl
8	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 summer	amod
9	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl:unmarked
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	She			holiday	summer	to the Balkans	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to balkan=Initial_Location

Example 6

Balkan music often uses fast, lively rhythms.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Balkan	balkan	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 music	compound
2	music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 uses	nsubj
3	often	often	ADV	_	4 uses	advmod
4	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 uses	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 rhythms	punct
7	lively	lively	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 rhythms	amod
8	rhythms	rhythm	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 uses	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	Balkan music	lively rhythms				fast, often property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 7

Our history class learned about the Balkan wars.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 class	nmod:poss
2	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 class	compound
3	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 learned	nsubj
4	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	8 wars	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 wars	det
7	Balkan	Balkan	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 wars	compound
8	wars	war	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 learned	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 learned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	past	Our history class					about the Balkan wars	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about war=Topic

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/balkan/