ball Who acts: ball, He, Each, She, coach, you · What happens: be, use, throw, kick, hit, bounce · To what, where: round thing, games, anything, big formal dance party, round part, toes
«ball» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ball in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A ball is a round thing used in games, for throwing, kicking, hitting or bouncing.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det amod acl case obl punct mark advcl punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root A DET ball NOUN is AUX a DET round ADJ thing NOUN used VERB in ADP games NOUN , PUNCT for SCONJ throwing VERB , PUNCT kicking VERB , PUNCT hitting VERB or CCONJ bouncing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ball det 2 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 6 thing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 thing cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 thing det 5 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 6 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 thing acl 8 in in ADP _ 9 games case 9 games game NOUN Number=Plur 7 used obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 throwing punct 11 for for SCONJ _ 12 throwing mark 12 throwing throw VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 used advcl 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 kicking punct 14 kicking kick VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 throwing conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 hitting punct 16 hitting hit VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 throwing conj 17 or or CCONJ _ 18 bouncing cc 18 bouncing bounce VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 16 hitting conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ball a round thing tree rules 2 use participle a round thing not said here games vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 throw gerund vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 4 kick gerund vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient 5 hit gerund vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 6 bounce gerund vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A ball is anything round, like a ball of wool or a snowball.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop advmod punct case det conj case nmod cc det conj punct root A DET ball NOUN is AUX anything PRON round ADV , PUNCT like ADP a DET ball NOUN of ADP wool NOUN or CCONJ a DET snowball NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ball det 2 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 4 anything nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 anything cop 4 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 round round ADV _ 4 anything advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 ball punct 7 like like ADP _ 9 ball case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 ball det 9 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 4 anything conj 10 of of ADP _ 11 wool case 11 wool wool NOUN Number=Sing 9 ball nmod 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 snowball cc 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 snowball det 14 snowball snowball NOUN Number=Sing 9 ball conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 anything punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ball anything round property tree rules
Meaning 3 A ball is a big formal dance party.
det nsubj cop det amod amod compound punct root A DET ball NOUN is AUX a DET big ADJ formal ADJ dance NOUN party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ball det 2 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 8 party nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 party cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 party det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 8 party amod 6 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 8 party amod 7 dance dance NOUN Number=Sing 8 party compound 8 party party NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 party punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ball a big formal dance party tree rules
Meaning 4 The ball of the foot is the round part under the toes.
det nsubj case det nmod cop det amod case det nmod punct root The DET ball NOUN of ADP the DET foot NOUN is AUX the DET round ADJ part NOUN under ADP the DET toes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ball det 2 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 9 part nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 foot case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 foot det 5 foot foot NOUN Number=Sing 2 ball nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 part cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 part det 8 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 9 part amod 9 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 under under ADP _ 12 toes case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 toes det 12 toes toe NOUN Number=Plur 9 part nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 9 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the ball of the foot the round part the toes tree rules
Example 1 He has 12 tennis balls.
nsubj nummod compound obj punct root He PRON has VERB 12 NUM tennis NOUN balls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 balls nummod 4 tennis tennis NOUN Number=Sing 5 balls compound 5 balls ball NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present He 12 tennis balls vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Patient
Example 2 Each can holds 3 balls.
nsubj aux nummod obj punct root Each DET can AUX holds VERB 3 NUM balls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 3 holds nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 holds aux 3 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 balls nummod 5 balls ball NOUN Number=Plur 3 holds obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold can Each 3 balls vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme
Example 3 She lost 4 balls.
nsubj nummod obj punct root She PRON lost VERB 4 NUM balls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 lost nsubj 2 lost lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 balls nummod 4 balls ball NOUN Number=Plur 2 lost obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 lost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose past She 4 balls vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Eventuality
Example 4 The coach bought 6 balls for 5 dollars each.
det nsubj nummod obj case nummod obl obj punct root The DET coach NOUN bought VERB 6 NUM balls NOUN for ADP 5 NUM dollars NOUN each DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 coach det 2 coach coach NOUN Number=Sing 3 bought nsubj 3 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 balls nummod 5 balls ball NOUN Number=Plur 3 bought obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 dollars case 7 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 dollars nummod 8 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 3 bought obl 9 each each DET PronType=Tot 3 bought obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past the coach 6 balls for 5 dollars vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent ball=Beneficiary each=Theme
Example 5 Kick the ball to me!
det obj case obl punct root Kick VERB the DET ball NOUN to ADP me PRON ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kick kick VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 ball det 3 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 1 Kick obj 4 to to ADP _ 5 me case 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Kick obl 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Kick punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 kick imperative you not said here the ball me vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent ball=Patient to i=Result
Example 6 She rolled the clay into a ball.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root She PRON rolled VERB the DET clay NOUN into ADP a DET ball NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 rolled nsubj 2 rolled roll VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 clay det 4 clay clay NOUN Number=Sing 2 rolled obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 ball case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 ball det 7 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 rolled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 rolled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 roll past She the clay a ball vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent clay=Theme into ball=Trajectory
Example 7 Cinderella went to the ball.
nsubj case det obl punct root Cinderella NOUN went VERB to ADP the DET ball NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cinderella cinderella NOUN Number=Sing 2 went nsubj 2 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 5 ball case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 ball det 5 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 went obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past Cinderella the ball vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to ball=Initial_Location
Example 8 We had a ball at the party.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root We PRON had VERB a DET ball NOUN at ADP the DET party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 ball det 4 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 party case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 party det 7 party party NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We a ball the party vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Patient
Example 9 A ball is shaped like a sphere.
det compound aux:pass case det obl punct root A DET ball NOUN is AUX shaped VERB like ADP a DET sphere NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ball det 2 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 4 shaped compound 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 shaped aux:pass 4 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 like like ADP _ 7 sphere case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 sphere det 7 sphere sphere NOUN Number=Sing 4 shaped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 shaped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shape present · passive like a sphere vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»
Example 10 Don't chase a ball onto the road.
aux advmod det obj case det obl punct root Do AUX n't PART chase VERB a DET ball NOUN onto ADP the DET road NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 chase aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 chase advmod 3 chase chase VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ball det 5 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 3 chase obj 6 onto onto ADP _ 8 road case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 road det 8 road road NOUN Number=Sing 3 chase obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 chase punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not chase imperative · do-support you not said here a ball the road vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ball=Theme onto road=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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