ballot Who acts: way, paper, random draw, We, you, ballot · What happens: vote, write, use, vote on, hold, decide · To what, where: paper, machine, vote, way, something, people
«ballot» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ballot in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A way of voting secretly by writing on a paper or using a machine.
The tree, 14 words det mark acl advmod mark advcl case det obl cc conj det obj punct root A DET way NOUN of SCONJ voting VERB secretly ADV by SCONJ writing VERB on ADP a DET paper NOUN or CCONJ using VERB a DET machine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 way det 2 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of SCONJ _ 4 voting mark 4 voting vote VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 way acl 5 secretly secretly ADV _ 4 voting advmod 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 writing mark 7 writing write VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 voting advcl 8 on on ADP _ 10 paper case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 paper det 10 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 7 writing obl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 using cc 12 using use VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 writing conj 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 machine det 14 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 12 using obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vote gerund a way not said here secretly property vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 write gerund a way not said here a paper vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on paper=Destination 3 use gerund a way not said here a machine vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent machine=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The paper you vote on (a ballot paper).
det nsubj nsubj compound:prt punct det compound parataxis punct punct root The DET paper NOUN you PRON vote VERB on ADP ( PUNCT a DET ballot NOUN paper NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 paper det 2 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 4 vote nsubj 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 vote nsubj 4 vote vote VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 4 vote compound:prt 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 9 paper punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 paper det 8 ballot ballot NOUN Number=Sing 9 paper compound 9 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 4 vote parataxis 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 9 paper punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 vote punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vote on present the paper vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 A vote held in this way.
det acl case det obl punct root A DET vote NOUN held VERB in ADP this DET way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 vote det 2 vote vote NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 held hold VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 vote acl 4 in in ADP _ 6 way case 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 way det 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 held obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 vote punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold participle a vote not said here this way vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in way=Location
Meaning 4 Usage: UK, Australia — kept apart, not parsed.
A random draw to decide who gets something, like tickets or places.
det amod nsubj mark advcl nsubj obj punct case appos cc conj punct root A DET random ADJ draw NOUN to PART decide VERB who PRON gets VERB something PRON , PUNCT like ADP tickets NOUN or CCONJ places NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 draw det 2 random random ADJ Degree=Pos 3 draw amod 3 draw draw NOUN Number=Sing 7 gets nsubj 4 to to PART _ 5 decide mark 5 decide decide VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 gets advcl 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 gets nsubj 7 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 gets obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 tickets punct 10 like like ADP _ 11 tickets case 11 tickets ticket NOUN Number=Plur 8 something appos 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 places cc 13 places place NOUN Number=Plur 11 tickets conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decide to-infinitive a random draw not said here vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 get present a random draw something vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus
Meaning 5 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To ask people to vote.
mark iobj mark xcomp punct root To PART ask VERB people NOUN to PART vote VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 ask mark 2 ask ask VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 ask iobj 4 to to PART _ 5 vote mark 5 vote vote VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 ask xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 ask punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask to-infinitive people vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic 2 vote not said to happen to-infinitive vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 1 We voted for class captain by secret ballot.
nsubj case compound obl case amod obl punct root We PRON voted VERB for ADP class NOUN captain NOUN by ADP secret ADJ ballot NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 voted nsubj 2 voted vote VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 5 captain case 4 class class NOUN Number=Sing 5 captain compound 5 captain captain NOUN Number=Sing 2 voted obl 6 by by ADP _ 8 ballot case 7 secret secret ADJ Degree=Pos 8 ballot amod 8 ballot ballot NOUN Number=Sing 2 voted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 voted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vote past We for class captain goal ; by secret ballot vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent for captain=Goal
Example 2 Put your ballot paper in the ballot box.
nmod:poss compound obj case det compound obl punct root Put VERB your PRON ballot NOUN paper NOUN in ADP the DET ballot NOUN box NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 paper nmod:poss 3 ballot ballot NOUN Number=Sing 4 paper compound 4 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 box case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 box det 7 ballot ballot NOUN Number=Sing 8 box compound 8 box box NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here your ballot paper the ballot box vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent paper=Theme in box=Destination
Example 3 Out of 30 ballots, 18 were for Mia.
case case nummod obl punct compound cop case punct root Out ADP of ADP 30 NUM ballots NOUN , PUNCT 18 NUM were AUX for ADP Mia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Out out ADP _ 4 ballots case 2 of of ADP _ 4 ballots case 3 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 ballots nummod 4 ballots ballot NOUN Number=Plur 9 Mia obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 ballots punct 6 18 18 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 Mia compound 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 Mia cop 8 for for ADP _ 9 Mia case 9 Mia Mia PROPN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 Mia punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past 30 ballots for 18 Mia tree rules
Example 4 The tickets for the final were sold by ballot.
det nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass case obl punct root The DET tickets NOUN for ADP the DET final ADJ were AUX sold VERB by ADP ballot NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tickets det 2 tickets ticket NOUN Number=Plur 7 sold nsubj:pass 3 for for ADP _ 5 final case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 final det 5 final final ADJ Degree=Pos 2 tickets nmod 6 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 sold aux:pass 7 sold sell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 by by ADP _ 9 ballot case 9 ballot ballot NOUN Number=Sing 7 sold obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 sold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell past · passive ballot the tickets for the final vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Example 5 The union balloted its members.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET union NOUN balloted VERB its PRON members NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 union det 2 union union NOUN Number=Sing 3 balloted nsubj 3 balloted ballot VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 members nmod:poss 5 members member NOUN Number=Plur 3 balloted obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 balloted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ballot past the union union's members tree rules
Example 6 Each ballot must be counted carefully.
det nsubj:pass aux aux:pass advmod punct root Each DET ballot NOUN must AUX be AUX counted VERB carefully ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 ballot det 2 ballot ballot NOUN Number=Sing 5 counted nsubj:pass 3 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 counted aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 counted aux:pass 5 counted count VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 carefully carefully ADV _ 5 counted advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 counted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count must · passive each ballot carefully property vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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