barbed Who acts: small sharp hooks, something, barbed remark, comment, you, sting · What happens: barb, mean, have, point, make, pull out · To what, where: having barbs, something, comment, sting, skin, fishing hook
«barbed» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: barbed in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Barbed means having barbs — small sharp hooks or points pointing backwards, which make something hard to pull out, like a fish hook.
The tree, 22 words nsubj amod obj punct amod amod appos cc conj acl advmod punct nsubj conj obj xcomp mark xcomp compound:prt punct case det compound obl punct root Barbed VERB means VERB having VERB barbs NOUN — PUNCT small ADJ sharp ADJ hooks NOUN or CCONJ points NOUN pointing VERB backwards ADV , PUNCT which PRON make VERB something PRON hard ADJ to PART pull VERB out ADP , PUNCT like ADP a DET fish NOUN hook NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Barbed barb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 barbs amod 4 barbs barb NOUN Number=Plur 2 means obj 5 — - PUNCT _ 8 hooks punct 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hooks amod 7 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hooks amod 8 hooks hook NOUN Number=Plur 4 barbs appos 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 points cc 10 points point NOUN Number=Plur 8 hooks conj 11 pointing point VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 hooks acl 12 backwards backwards ADV _ 11 pointing advmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 make punct 14 which which PRON PronType=Rel 15 make nsubj 15 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 hooks conj 16 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 15 make obj 17 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 15 make xcomp 18 to to PART _ 19 pull mark 19 pull pull VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 hard xcomp 20 out out ADP _ 19 pull compound:prt 21 , , PUNCT _ 25 hook punct 22 like like ADP _ 25 hook case 23 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 25 hook det 24 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 25 hook compound 25 hook hook NOUN Number=Sing 19 pull obl 26 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 barb participle tree rules 2 mean present having barbs vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent barb=Topic 3 have gerund vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 point gerund small sharp hooks or points not said here backwards property vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 make present small sharp hooks or points something hard property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product 6 pull out to-infinitive something not said here like a fish hook vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A barbed remark is a comment that is unkind and meant to hurt.
det amod nsubj cop det nsubj cop acl:relcl cc conj mark xcomp punct root A DET barbed VERB remark NOUN is AUX a DET comment NOUN that PRON is AUX unkind ADJ and CCONJ meant VERB to PART hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 remark det 2 barbed barb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 remark amod 3 remark remark NOUN Number=Sing 6 comment nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 comment cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 comment det 6 comment comment NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 unkind nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 unkind cop 9 unkind unkind ADJ Degree=Pos 6 comment acl:relcl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 meant cc 11 meant mean VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 unkind conj 12 to to PART _ 13 hurt mark 13 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 meant xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 comment punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 barb participle tree rules 2 is a present a barbed remark a comment tree rules 3 is present a comment unkind property tree rules 4 mean participle a comment not said here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 hurt not said to happen to-infinitive a comment not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 Stay away from the barbed wire fence.
advmod case det amod compound obl punct root Stay VERB away ADV from ADP the DET barbed VERB wire NOUN fence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stay stay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 away away ADV _ 1 Stay advmod 3 from from ADP _ 7 fence case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 fence det 5 barbed barb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 fence amod 6 wire wire NOUN Number=Sing 7 fence compound 7 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 2 away obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay away imperative you not said here away property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 barb participle tree rules
Example 2 A honeybee's sting is barbed, so it stays in your skin.
det nmod:poss case nsubj:pass aux:pass punct advmod nsubj conj case nmod:poss obl punct root A DET honeybee NOUN 's PART sting NOUN is AUX barbed VERB , PUNCT so ADV it PRON stays VERB in ADP your PRON skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 honeybee det 2 honeybee honeybee NOUN Number=Sing 4 sting nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 honeybee case 4 sting sting NOUN Number=Sing 6 barbed nsubj:pass 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 barbed aux:pass 6 barbed barb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 stays punct 8 so so ADV _ 10 stays advmod 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 stays nsubj 10 stays stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 barbed conj 11 in in ADP _ 13 skin case 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 skin nmod:poss 13 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 10 stays obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 barbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 barb present · passive a honeybee's sting tree rules 2 stay present sting your skin vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in skin=Location 3 sting a honeybee nom sting «state transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 The fishing hook is barbed, so the fish can't slip off.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass punct advmod det nsubj aux advmod advcl compound:prt punct root The DET fishing NOUN hook NOUN is AUX barbed VERB , PUNCT so ADV the DET fish NOUN ca AUX n't PART slip VERB off ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 hook det 2 fishing fishing NOUN Number=Sing 3 hook compound 3 hook hook NOUN Number=Sing 5 barbed nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 barbed aux:pass 5 barbed barb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 12 slip punct 7 so so ADV _ 12 slip advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 fish det 9 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 12 slip nsubj 10 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 slip aux 11 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 12 slip advmod 12 slip slip VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 barbed advcl 13 off off ADP _ 12 slip compound:prt 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 barbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 barb present · passive the fishing hook tree rules 2 not slip off can the fish vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 4 Porcupine quills are barbed and hard to remove.
compound nsubj:pass aux:pass cc conj mark xcomp punct root Porcupine NOUN quills NOUN are AUX barbed VERB and CCONJ hard ADJ to PART remove VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Porcupine porcupine NOUN Number=Sing 2 quills compound 2 quills quill NOUN Number=Plur 4 barbed nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 barbed aux:pass 4 barbed barb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 hard cc 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 4 barbed conj 7 to to PART _ 8 remove mark 8 remove remove VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 hard xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 barbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 barb present · passive Porcupine quills tree rules 2 remove to-infinitive vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 5 The farmer put up barbed wire to keep the cows in.
det nsubj acl compound:prt obj mark advcl det obj compound:prt punct root The DET farmer NOUN put VERB up ADP barbed VERB wire NOUN to PART keep VERB the DET cows NOUN in ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 5 barbed nsubj 3 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 farmer acl 4 up up ADP _ 3 put compound:prt 5 barbed barb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 wire wire NOUN Number=Sing 5 barbed obj 7 to to PART _ 8 keep mark 8 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 barbed advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 cows det 10 cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 8 keep obj 11 in in ADP _ 8 keep compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 barbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put up participle the farmer not said here vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 2 barb past the farmer wire tree rules 3 keep in to-infinitive the farmer not said here the cows vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Theme
Example 6 She made a barbed comment about my drawing.
nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root She PRON made VERB a DET barbed ADJ comment NOUN about ADP my PRON drawing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 comment det 4 barbed barbed ADJ Degree=Pos 5 comment amod 5 comment comment NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obj 6 about about ADP _ 8 drawing case 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 drawing nmod:poss 8 drawing drawing NOUN Number=Sing 5 comment nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past She a barbed comment about my drawing vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comment=Product 2 draw my nom drawing «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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