bay Who acts: bay, lake, bay tree, We, you, Mum · What happens: be, curve, mark, load, bay, have · To what, where: part, land, marked space, bay, brown horse, shiny leaves · Speech: someone speaks here
«bay» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bay in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bay is part of the sea or a lake that curves into the land.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop case det nmod cc det conj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root A DET bay NOUN is AUX part NOUN of ADP the DET sea NOUN or CCONJ a DET lake NOUN that PRON curves VERB into ADP the DET land NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bay det 2 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 4 part nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 part cop 4 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 sea case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sea det 7 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 4 part nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 lake cc 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 lake det 10 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 4 part conj 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 curves nsubj 12 curves curve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 lake acl:relcl 13 into into ADP _ 15 land case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 land det 15 land land NOUN Number=Sing 12 curves obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bay part or a lake of the sea tree rules 2 curve present a lake the land vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material into land=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A bay is a marked space or area for a special use, like a parking bay or loading bay.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det amod cc conj case det amod nmod punct case det compound conj cc conj obj punct root A DET bay NOUN is AUX a DET marked VERB space NOUN or CCONJ area NOUN for ADP a DET special ADJ use NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET parking NOUN bay NOUN or CCONJ loading VERB bay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bay det 2 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 6 space nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 space cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 space det 5 marked mark VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 space amod 6 space space NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 area cc 8 area area NOUN Number=Sing 6 space conj 9 for for ADP _ 12 use case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 use det 11 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 12 use amod 12 use use NOUN Number=Sing 6 space nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 bay punct 14 like like ADP _ 17 bay case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 bay det 16 parking parking NOUN Number=Sing 17 bay compound 17 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 6 space conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 loading cc 19 loading load VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 17 bay conj 20 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 19 loading obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 space punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mark participle vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a bay a marked space or area and a parking bay for a special use tree rules 3 load gerund a bay not said here bay vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bay=Theme
Meaning 3 To bay is to howl with a long, deep sound, like a dog or wolf.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj cop mark case det amod punct amod obl punct case det conj cc conj punct root To PART bay VERB is AUX to PART howl VERB with ADP a DET long ADJ , PUNCT deep ADJ sound NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET dog NOUN or CCONJ wolf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bay mark 2 bay bay VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 howl csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 howl cop 4 to to PART _ 5 howl mark 5 howl howl VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 with with ADP _ 11 sound case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 sound det 8 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 11 sound amod 9 , , PUNCT _ 8 long punct 10 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 11 sound amod 11 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 5 howl obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 dog punct 13 like like ADP _ 15 dog case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 dog det 15 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 11 sound conj 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 wolf cc 17 wolf wolf NOUN Number=Sing 15 dog conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 howl punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bay to-infinitive vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present with a long deep sound and a dog or wolf; howl property tree rules
Meaning 4 A bay is a reddish-brown horse.
det nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct root A DET bay NOUN is AUX a DET reddish ADJ - PUNCT brown ADJ horse NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bay det 2 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 8 horse nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 horse cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 horse det 5 reddish reddish ADJ Degree=Pos 7 brown amod 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 reddish punct 7 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 8 horse amod 8 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 horse punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bay a brown horse tree rules
Meaning 5 A bay tree has shiny leaves used in cooking (bay leaves).
det amod nsubj amod obj acl case obl punct compound appos punct punct root A DET bay ADJ tree NOUN has VERB shiny ADJ leaves NOUN used VERB in ADP cooking NOUN ( PUNCT bay NOUN leaves NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 tree det 2 bay bay ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tree amod 3 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 6 leaves amod 6 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 7 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 leaves acl 8 in in ADP _ 9 cooking case 9 cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 7 used obl 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 leaves punct 11 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 12 leaves compound 12 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 9 cooking appos 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 leaves punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a bay tree shiny leaves vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient 2 use participle shiny leaves not said here cooking vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 6 To keep something at bay means to hold it back so it cannot reach or harm you.
The tree, 18 words mark csubj obj case obl mark xcomp obj advmod mark nsubj aux advmod advcl cc conj obj punct root To PART keep VERB something PRON at ADP bay NOUN means VERB to PART hold VERB it PRON back ADV so SCONJ it PRON can AUX not PART reach VERB or CCONJ harm VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 keep mark 2 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 keep obj 4 at at ADP _ 5 bay case 5 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 2 keep obl 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 hold mark 8 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means xcomp 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 hold obj 10 back back ADV _ 8 hold advmod 11 so so SCONJ _ 15 reach mark 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 reach nsubj 13 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 reach aux 14 not not PART Polarity=Neg 15 reach advmod 15 reach reach VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 hold advcl 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 harm cc 17 harm harm VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 reach conj 18 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 harm obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep to-infinitive something bay vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent something=Theme at bay=Location 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 hold back not said to happen to-infinitive bay vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 4 not reach can bay vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 harm infinitive bay not said here you vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus you=Experiencer
Example 1 We swam in a sheltered bay.
nsubj case det amod obl punct root We PRON swam VERB in ADP a DET sheltered VERB bay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 swam nsubj 2 swam swim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 6 bay case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bay det 5 sheltered shelter VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 bay amod 6 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 2 swam obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 swam punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim past We a sheltered bay vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bay=Trajectory 2 shelter participle vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 Park the car in an empty bay.
det obj case det amod obl punct root Park VERB the DET car NOUN in ADP an DET empty ADJ bay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Park park VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 car det 3 car car NOUN Number=Sing 1 Park obj 4 in in ADP _ 7 bay case 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bay det 6 empty empty ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bay amod 7 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 1 Park obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Park punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 park imperative you not said here the car a empty bay vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent car=Theme in bay=Destination
Example 3 The wolves bayed at the full moon.
det acl case det amod obl punct root The DET wolves NOUN bayed VERB at ADP the DET full ADJ moon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wolves det 2 wolves wolf NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 bayed bay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 wolves acl 4 at at ADP _ 7 moon case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 moon det 6 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 7 moon amod 7 moon moon NOUN Number=Sing 3 bayed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 wolves punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bay participle the wolves not said here at the full moon vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at moon=Stimulus
Example 4 Mum puts a bay leaf in the soup.
nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root Mum NOUN puts VERB a DET bay NOUN leaf NOUN in ADP the DET soup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 puts nsubj 2 puts put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 leaf det 4 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 5 leaf compound 5 leaf leaf NOUN Number=Sing 2 puts obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 soup case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 soup det 8 soup soup NOUN Number=Sing 2 puts obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 puts punct
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1 put present Mum a bay leaf the soup vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme in soup=Destination
Example 5 She rode a bay horse with a black mane.
nsubj det amod obj case det amod obl punct root She PRON rode VERB a DET bay ADJ horse NOUN with ADP a DET black ADJ mane NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 rode nsubj 2 rode ride VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 horse det 4 bay bay ADJ Degree=Pos 5 horse amod 5 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 2 rode obj 6 with with ADP _ 9 mane case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mane det 8 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 9 mane amod 9 mane mane NOUN Number=Sing 2 rode obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 rode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ride past She a bay horse with a black mane vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme
Example 6 Wash your hands to keep germs at bay.
nmod:poss obj mark advcl obj case obl punct root Wash VERB your PRON hands NOUN to PART keep VERB germs NOUN at ADP bay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wash wash VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 hands nmod:poss 3 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 1 Wash obj 4 to to PART _ 5 keep mark 5 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Wash advcl 6 germs germ NOUN Number=Plur 5 keep obj 7 at at ADP _ 8 bay case 8 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 5 keep obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wash punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash imperative you not said here your hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient 2 keep to-infinitive you not said here germs bay vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent germ=Theme at bay=Location
Example 7 The house has a big bay window.
det nsubj det amod amod obj punct root The DET house NOUN has VERB a DET big ADJ bay ADJ window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 house det 2 house house NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 window det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 7 window amod 6 bay bay ADJ Degree=Pos 7 window amod 7 window window NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the house a big bay window vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Patient
Example 8 All day long the army of the Persians was kept at bay.
det obl:unmarked advmod det nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass case obl punct root All DET day NOUN long ADV the DET army NOUN of ADP the DET Persians PROPN was AUX kept VERB at ADP bay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 2 day det 2 day day NOUN Number=Sing 10 kept obl:unmarked 3 long long ADV Degree=Pos 2 day advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 army det 5 army army NOUN Number=Sing 10 kept nsubj:pass 6 of of ADP _ 8 Persians case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Persians det 8 Persians Persian PROPN Number=Plur 5 army nmod 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 kept aux:pass 10 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 at at ADP _ 12 bay case 12 bay bay NOUN Number=Sing 10 kept obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 10 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past · passive the army of the Persians bay day vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme at bay=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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