beat Who acts: beat, Lions, She, her, He, many points · What happens: beat, be, mean, record, do, need · To what, where: food, regular sound, Tigers, record, 3 eggs, 40
«beat» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: beat in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To beat is to win against someone.
mark csubj cop mark case obl punct root To PART beat VERB is AUX to PART win VERB against ADP someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 beat mark 2 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 win csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 win cop 4 to to PART _ 5 win mark 5 win win VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 against against ADP _ 7 someone case 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 win obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 win punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat to-infinitive vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present against someone; win property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To beat is to hit again and again.
mark csubj cop mark advmod cc conj punct root To PART beat VERB is AUX to PART hit VERB again ADV and CCONJ again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 beat mark 2 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 hit csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 hit cop 4 to to PART _ 5 hit mark 5 hit hit VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 again again ADV _ 5 hit advmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 again cc 8 again again ADV _ 6 again conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat to-infinitive vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present again hit property tree rules
Meaning 3 To beat food is to mix it fast, like eggs.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj advmod punct case conj punct root To PART beat VERB food NOUN is AUX to PART mix VERB it PRON fast ADV , PUNCT like ADP eggs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 beat mark 2 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 mix advcl 3 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 beat obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 mix cop 5 to to PART _ 6 mix mark 6 mix mix VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 mix obj 8 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 6 mix advmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 eggs punct 10 like like ADP _ 11 eggs case 11 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 6 mix conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 mix punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat to-infinitive food vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location food=Theme 2 is present fast, mix property tree rules
Meaning 4 A beat is a regular sound or pulse, like the beat of a drum or a heart.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det amod cc conj punct case det conj case det nmod cc det conj punct root A DET beat NOUN is AUX a DET regular ADJ sound NOUN or CCONJ pulse NOUN , PUNCT like ADP the DET beat NOUN of ADP a DET drum NOUN or CCONJ a DET heart NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 beat det 2 beat beat NOUN Number=Sing 6 sound nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sound cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sound det 5 regular regular ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sound amod 6 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 pulse cc 8 pulse pulse NOUN Number=Sing 6 sound conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 beat punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 beat case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 beat det 12 beat beat NOUN Number=Sing 6 sound conj 13 of of ADP _ 15 drum case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 drum det 15 drum drum NOUN Number=Sing 12 beat nmod 16 or or CCONJ _ 18 heart cc 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 heart det 18 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 15 drum conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 sound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a beat a regular sound or pulse and the beat of a drum or a heart tree rules
Meaning 5 Beat (informal) means very tired.
nsubj punct appos punct advmod xcomp punct root Beat NOUN ( PUNCT informal NOUN ) PUNCT means VERB very ADV tired ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Beat beat NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 3 informal informal NOUN Number=Sing 1 Beat appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 very very ADV _ 7 tired advmod 7 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Beat tired property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The Lions beat the Tigers by 5 points.
det nsubj det obj case nummod obl punct root The DET Lions NOUN beat VERB the DET Tigers PROPN by ADP 5 NUM points NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Lions det 2 Lions lion NOUN Number=Plur 3 beat nsubj 3 beat beat VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Tigers det 5 Tigers Tiger PROPN Number=Plur 3 beat obj 6 by by ADP _ 8 points case 7 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 points nummod 8 points point NOUN Number=Plur 3 beat obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 beat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat past the Lions the Tigers by 5 points vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tiger=Theme
Example 2 She beat her record by 2 seconds.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case nummod obl punct root She PRON beat VERB her PRON record NOUN by ADP 2 NUM seconds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 beat nsubj 2 beat beat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 record nmod:poss 4 record record NOUN Number=Sing 2 beat obj 5 by by ADP _ 7 seconds case 6 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 seconds nummod 7 seconds second NOUN Number=Plur 2 beat obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 beat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat past She her record second vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location record=Theme 2 record her = she nom record «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 He beat 3 eggs for the cake.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root He PRON beat VERB 3 NUM eggs NOUN for ADP the DET cake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 beat nsubj 2 beat beat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 eggs nummod 4 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 2 beat obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 cake case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 cake det 7 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 2 beat obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 beat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat past He 3 eggs for the cake vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location egg=Theme
Example 4 How many points did they need to beat 40?
advmod amod nsubj nsubj ccomp mark xcomp obj punct root How ADV many ADJ points NOUN did VERB they PRON need VERB to PART beat VERB 40 NUM ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 points amod 3 points point NOUN Number=Plur 4 did nsubj 4 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 need nsubj 6 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 did ccomp 7 to to PART _ 8 beat mark 8 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 need xcomp 9 40 40 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 beat obj 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past many points tree rules 2 need present points = point vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 3 beat not said to happen to-infinitive points = point not said here 40 vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location 40=Theme
Example 5 My heart beats about 80 times a minute.
nmod:poss nsubj advmod nummod obl:unmarked det nmod:unmarked punct root My PRON heart NOUN beats VERB about ADV 80 NUM times NOUN a DET minute NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 heart nmod:poss 2 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 3 beats nsubj 3 beats beat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 about about ADV _ 5 80 advmod 5 80 80 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 times nummod 6 times time NOUN Number=Plur 3 beats obl:unmarked 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 minute det 8 minute minute NOUN Number=Sing 6 times nmod:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 beats punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat about present My heart time vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Clap to the beat of the music.
case det nmod case det nmod punct root Clap NOUN to ADP the DET beat NOUN of ADP the DET music NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Clap clap NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 to to ADP _ 4 beat case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 beat det 4 beat beat NOUN Number=Sing 1 Clap nmod 5 of of ADP _ 7 music case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 music det 7 music music NOUN Number=Sing 4 beat nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Clap punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 7 The rain beat on the window.
det compound case det nmod punct root The DET rain NOUN beat NOUN on ADP the DET window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 beat det 2 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 3 beat compound 3 beat beat NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 window case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 window det 6 window window NOUN Number=Sing 3 beat nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 beat punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 8 I'm beat after the long hike.
nsubj cop advmod case det amod punct root I PRON 'm AUX beat ADV after ADP the DET long ADJ hike NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 hike nsubj 2 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 hike cop 3 beat beat ADV _ 7 hike advmod 4 after after ADP _ 7 hike case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 hike det 6 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hike amod 7 hike hike NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 hike punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present I after the long hike beat property tree rules
Example 9 Can you beat my high score?
aux nsubj nmod:poss amod obj punct root Can AUX you PRON beat VERB my PRON high ADJ score NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 beat aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 beat nsubj 3 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 score nmod:poss 5 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 6 score amod 6 score score NOUN Number=Sing 3 beat obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 beat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat can you my high score vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location score=Theme 2 score my nom score «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 10 The drummer kept the beat.
det nsubj det obj punct root The DET drummer NOUN kept VERB the DET beat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 drummer det 2 drummer drummer NOUN Number=Sing 3 kept nsubj 3 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 beat det 5 beat beat NOUN Number=Sing 3 kept obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past the drummer the beat vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beat=Theme
Example 11 Oh, how his heart did beat!
discourse punct advmod nmod:poss nsubj aux punct root Oh INTJ , PUNCT how ADV his PRON heart NOUN did AUX beat VERB ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oh oh INTJ _ 7 beat discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 7 beat punct 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 7 beat advmod 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 heart nmod:poss 5 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 7 beat nsubj 6 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 beat aux 7 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 7 beat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat past · do-support his heart vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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