begin Who acts: film, movie, He, She, School, you · What happens: begin, be, do, happen, exist, mean · To what, where: something, 7, 7:15, page, 's, lesson · Speech: someone speaks here
«begin» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: begin in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To begin is to start doing something.
mark advcl cop mark xcomp obj punct root To PART begin VERB is AUX to PART start VERB doing VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 begin mark 2 begin begin VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 start advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 start cop 4 to to PART _ 5 start mark 5 start start VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 start xcomp 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 doing obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 start punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin to-infinitive vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 is present start property tree rules 3 do gerund something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To begin is to start happening or existing: «The film begins at 7».
The tree, 13 words mark advcl cop mark xcomp cc conj punct punct det nsubj parataxis case obl punct punct root To PART begin VERB is AUX to PART start VERB happening VERB or CCONJ existing VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET film NOUN begins VERB at ADP 7 NUM » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 begin mark 2 begin begin VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 start advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 start cop 4 to to PART _ 5 start mark 5 start start VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 happening happen VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 start xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 existing cc 8 existing exist VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 happening conj 9 : : PUNCT _ 13 begins punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 13 begins punct 11 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 film det 12 film film NOUN Number=Sing 13 begins nsubj 13 begins begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 start parataxis 14 at at ADP _ 15 7 case 15 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 13 begins obl 16 » » PUNCT _ 13 begins punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 start punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin to-infinitive vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 is present start property tree rules 3 happen gerund vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 exist gerund vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 begin in a quote present the film 7 vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Meaning 3 To begin with means first, or at the start.
mark nsubj obl advmod punct cc case det conj punct root To PART begin VERB with ADP means VERB first ADV , PUNCT or CCONJ at ADP the DET start NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 begin mark 2 begin begin VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 means nsubj 3 with with ADP _ 2 begin obl 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 4 means advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 start punct 7 or or CCONJ _ 10 start cc 8 at at ADP _ 10 start case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 start det 10 start start NOUN Number=Sing 4 means conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin to-infinitive vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 mean present first property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The movie begins at 7:15.
det nsubj case obl punct root The DET movie NOUN begins VERB at ADP 7:15 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 movie det 2 movie movie NOUN Number=Sing 3 begins nsubj 3 begins begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 5 7:15 case 5 7:15 7:15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 begins obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 begins punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin present the movie 7:15 vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 2 He began with 20 marbles.
nsubj case nummod obl punct root He PRON began VERB with ADP 20 NUM marbles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 began nsubj 2 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 5 marbles case 4 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 marbles nummod 5 marbles marble NOUN Number=Plur 2 began obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past He with 20 marbles vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with marble=Subeventuality
Example 3 She begins reading on page 12.
nsubj xcomp case obl flat punct root She PRON begins VERB reading VERB on ADP page NOUN 12 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 begins nsubj 2 begins begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 reading read VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 begins xcomp 4 on on ADP _ 5 page case 5 page page NOUN Number=Sing 3 reading obl 6 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 page flat 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 begins punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin present She vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 read gerund She not said here page vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 School begins in 3 days.
nsubj case nummod obl punct root School NOUN begins VERB in ADP 3 NUM days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 School school NOUN Number=Sing 2 begins nsubj 2 begins begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 days case 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 days nummod 5 days day NOUN Number=Plur 2 begins obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 begins punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin present School day vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 5 Let's begin our lesson.
obj xcomp nmod:poss obj punct root Let VERB 's PRON begin VERB our PRON lesson NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Let obj 3 begin begin VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Let xcomp 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 lesson nmod:poss 5 lesson lesson NOUN Number=Sing 3 begin obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let imperative you not said here 's tree rules 2 begin infinitive 's not said here our lesson vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lesson=Eventuality
Example 6 It began to rain.
nsubj mark obj punct root It PRON began VERB to PART rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 began nsubj 2 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 rain mark 4 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 2 began obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past It rain vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Eventuality
Example 7 The word «cat» begins with c.
det nsubj punct appos punct case obl root The DET word NOUN « PUNCT cat NOUN » PUNCT begins VERB with ADP c. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 6 begins nsubj 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 cat punct 4 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 2 word appos 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 cat punct 6 begins begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 with with ADP _ 8 c. case 8 c. c. NOUN Number=Sing 6 begins obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin present the word with c. vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with c.=Subeventuality
Example 8 To begin with, read the question carefully.
mark advcl obl punct det obj advmod punct root To PART begin VERB with ADP , PUNCT read VERB the DET question NOUN carefully ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 begin mark 2 begin begin VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 read advcl 3 with with ADP _ 2 begin obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 read punct 5 read read VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 question det 7 question question NOUN Number=Sing 5 read obj 8 carefully carefully ADV _ 5 read advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin to-infinitive you not said here vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 read imperative you not said here the question carefully property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent question=Topic
Example 9 He is a beginner at chess.
nsubj cop det case nmod punct root He PRON is AUX a DET beginner NOUN at ADP chess NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 beginner nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 beginner cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 beginner det 4 beginner beginner NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 at at ADP _ 6 chess case 6 chess chess NOUN Number=Sing 4 beginner nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 beginner punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present He a beginner chess tree rules
Example 10 The story begins in a dark forest.
det nsubj case det amod obl punct root The DET story NOUN begins VERB in ADP a DET dark ADJ forest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 story det 2 story story NOUN Number=Sing 3 begins nsubj 3 begins begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 forest case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 forest det 6 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 7 forest amod 7 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 3 begins obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 begins punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin present the story a dark forest vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 11 Then the Sun began to shine.
advmod det nsubj mark xcomp punct root Then ADV the DET Sun PROPN began VERB to PART shine VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 4 began advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Sun det 3 Sun Sun PROPN Number=Sing 4 began nsubj 4 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 shine mark 6 shine shine VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 began xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past the Sun then vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 shine to-infinitive the Sun not said here vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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