beholding

Who acts: you, Beholden, they, shepherds, she, virgin · What happens: look, see, mean, owe, help, stand · To what, where: something, thanks, someone, you, angel, sea · Speech: someone speaks here

«beholding» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: beholding in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: old, literary — kept apart, not parsed.

Looking at; seeing, especially something wonderful or surprising.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 seeing	advcl
2	at	at	ADP	_	1 Looking	obl
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Looking	punct
4	seeing	see	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 something	punct
6	especially	especially	ADV	_	7 something	advmod
7	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 seeing	obl
8	wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 something	amod
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 surprising	cc
10	surprising	surprising	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 wonderful	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 seeing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	gerund							vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	see	gerund		something					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

«Behold» = look! see!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 look	punct
2	Behold	behold	INTJ	_	5 look	discourse
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Behold	punct
4	=	=	SYM	_	5 look	punct
5	look	look	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	!	!	PUNCT	_	5 look	punct
7	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 look	xcomp
8	!	!	PUNCT	_	5 look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	imperative	you not said here						tree rules
2	see	infinitive	you not said here						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Meaning 3

Beholden means owing thanks to someone because they helped you.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beholden	Beholden	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	owing	owe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 means	xcomp
4	thanks	thanks	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 owing	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 someone	case
6	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 thanks	nmod
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 helped	mark
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 helped	nsubj
9	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 owing	advcl
10	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 helped	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	mean	present	Beholden			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	owe not said to happen	gerund	Beholden not said here	thanks	someone	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent thanks=Theme to someone=Goal
3	help	past	they		you	vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary

Example 1

The shepherds stood beholding the angel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 shepherds	det
2	shepherds	shepherd	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stood	nsubj
3	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	beholding	behold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 stood	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 angel	det
6	angel	angel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 beholding	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	the shepherds						vn admire-31.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	behold	gerund	the shepherds not said here	the angel					vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer angel=Stimulus

Example 2

Beholding the sea for the first time, she gasped.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beholding	behold	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 gasped	advcl
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sea	det
3	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Beholding	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 time	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 time	det
6	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 time	amod
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Beholding	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Beholding	punct
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 gasped	nsubj
10	gasped	gasp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 gasped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	behold	gerund	she not said here	the sea			time		vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sea=Stimulus
2	gasp	past	she						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

«Behold, a virgin shall conceive,» says the Bible.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 conceive	punct
2	Behold	behold	INTJ	_	7 conceive	discourse
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Behold	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 virgin	det
5	virgin	virgin	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 conceive	nsubj
6	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 conceive	aux
7	conceive	conceive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 says	ccomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 conceive	punct
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 says	punct
10	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Bible	det
12	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 says	nsubj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conceive in a quote	shall	a virgin						vn characterize-29.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	present	the Bible						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Example 4

Mole stood beholding the river in wonder.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mole	Mole	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 stood	nsubj
2	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	beholding	behold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 stood	xcomp
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 river	det
5	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 beholding	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 wonder	case
7	wonder	wonder	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 beholding	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	Mole						vn admire-31.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	behold	gerund	Mole not said here	the river		wonder			vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer river=Stimulus

Example 5

The crowd stood beholding the fireworks.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 crowd	det
2	crowd	crowd	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stood	nsubj
3	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	beholding	behold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 stood	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fireworks	det
6	fireworks	firework	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 beholding	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	the crowd						vn admire-31.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	behold	gerund	the crowd not said here	the fireworks					vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer firework=Stimulus

Example 6

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beauty	beauty	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eye	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 eye	cop
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 eye	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 eye	det
5	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 beholder	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 beholder	det
8	beholder	beholder	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eye	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 eye	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Beauty			the eye		of the beholder	tree rules

Example 7

"Oh, Ivan," said the merchants, "we are beholding to you; but for you we would have been lost men.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	_	7 said	discourse
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Oh	punct
4	Ivan	Ivan	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 said	nsubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 Ivan	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 Ivan	punct
7	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 merchants	det
9	merchants	merchant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 said	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 beholding	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 beholding	punct
12	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 beholding	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 beholding	aux
14	beholding	behold	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 said	advcl
15	to	to	ADP	_	16 you	case
16	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 beholding	obl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 men	punct
18	but	but	CCONJ	_	26 men	cc
19	for	for	ADP	_	20 you	case
20	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	26 men	nmod
21	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 men	nsubj
22	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	26 men	aux
23	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	26 men	aux
24	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	26 men	cop
25	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 men	amod
26	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 said	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Ivan	the merchants			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent merchant=Topic
2	behold in a quote	present · progressive	we		you		vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer
3	lose in a quote	participle					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a in a quote	would · perfect	we	lost men		for you	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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