bill Who acts: bill, paper, you, He, She, we · What happens: be, call, show, pay, have, split · To what, where: piece, bill, UK, paper, much, restaurant · Speech: someone speaks here
«bill» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bill in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bill is a piece of paper money; in the UK it is called a note.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det case compound nmod punct case det obl nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis det xcomp punct root A DET bill NOUN is AUX a DET piece NOUN of ADP paper NOUN money NOUN ; PUNCT in ADP the DET UK PROPN it PRON is AUX called VERB a DET note NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bill det 2 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 5 piece nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 piece cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 piece det 5 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 money case 7 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 8 money compound 8 money money NOUN Number=Sing 5 piece nmod 9 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 called punct 10 in in ADP _ 12 UK case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 UK det 12 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 15 called obl 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 called nsubj:pass 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 called aux:pass 15 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 piece parataxis 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 note det 17 note note NOUN Number=Sing 15 called xcomp 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bill a piece of paper money tree rules 2 call present · passive bill the UK vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A bill is a paper that shows how much you must pay, for example in a restaurant or for electricity.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl advmod obj nsubj aux ccomp punct case obl case det obl cc case conj punct root A DET bill NOUN is AUX a DET paper NOUN that PRON shows VERB how ADV much ADJ you PRON must AUX pay VERB , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN in ADP a DET restaurant NOUN or CCONJ for ADP electricity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bill det 2 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 5 paper nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 paper cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 paper det 5 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 shows nsubj 7 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 paper acl:relcl 8 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 much advmod 9 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 12 pay obj 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 pay nsubj 11 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 pay aux 12 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 shows ccomp 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 example punct 14 for for ADP _ 15 example case 15 example example NOUN Number=Sing 12 pay obl 16 in in ADP _ 18 restaurant case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 restaurant det 18 restaurant restaurant NOUN Number=Sing 12 pay obl 19 or or CCONJ _ 21 electricity cc 20 for for ADP _ 21 electricity case 21 electricity electricity NOUN Number=Sing 18 restaurant conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 paper punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bill a paper tree rules 2 show present a paper vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 pay must you much a restaurant or electricity for example vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent much=Asset for example=Theme
Meaning 3 A bird's beak is called a bill.
det nmod:poss case nsubj:pass aux:pass det xcomp punct root A DET bird NOUN 's PART beak NOUN is AUX called VERB a DET bill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bird det 2 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 4 beak nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 bird case 4 beak beak NOUN Number=Sing 6 called nsubj:pass 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 called aux:pass 6 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 bill det 8 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 6 called xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive a bird's beak vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Meaning 4 A bill is a plan for a new law.
det nsubj cop det case det amod nmod punct root A DET bill NOUN is AUX a DET plan NOUN for ADP a DET new ADJ law NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bill det 2 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 5 plan nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 plan cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 plan det 5 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for ADP _ 9 law case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 law det 8 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 9 law amod 9 law law NOUN Number=Sing 5 plan nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 plan punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bill a plan for a new law tree rules
Meaning 5 Bill is a boy's name.
nsubj cop det nmod:poss case punct root Bill PROPN is AUX a DET boy NOUN 's PART name NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bill Bill PROPN Number=Sing 6 name nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 name cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 boy det 4 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 6 name nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 boy case 6 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Bill a boy's name tree rules
Example 1 He paid with a 20-dollar bill.
nsubj case det compound obl punct root He PRON paid VERB with ADP a DET 20-dollar NOUN bill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 paid nsubj 2 paid pay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 6 bill case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bill det 5 20-dollar 20-dollar NOUN Number=Sing 6 bill compound 6 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 2 paid obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 paid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay past He with a 20-dollar bill vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 2 She has 3 five-dollar bills.
nsubj nummod nummod punct compound obj punct root She PRON has VERB 3 NUM five NUM - PUNCT dollar NOUN bills NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 bills nummod 4 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 dollar nummod 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 five punct 6 dollar dollar NOUN Number=Sing 7 bills compound 7 bills bill NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present She 3 dollar bills vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Patient
Example 3 The bill for lunch was 18 dollars.
det nsubj case nmod cop nummod punct root The DET bill NOUN for ADP lunch NOUN was AUX 18 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bill det 2 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 7 dollars nsubj 3 for for ADP _ 4 lunch case 4 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 2 bill nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 dollars cop 6 18 18 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 dollars nummod 7 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 dollars punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the bill for lunch 18 dollars tree rules
Example 4 How much change from a 10-dollar bill?
advmod amod case det nummod punct compound nmod punct root How ADV much ADJ change NOUN from ADP a DET 10 NUM - PUNCT dollar NOUN bill NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 change amod 3 change change NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 from from ADP _ 9 bill case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 bill det 6 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 dollar nummod 7 - - PUNCT _ 6 10 punct 8 dollar dollar NOUN Number=Sing 9 bill compound 9 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 3 change nmod 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 change punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 Can we have the bill, please?
aux nsubj det obj punct discourse punct root Can AUX we PRON have VERB the DET bill NOUN , PUNCT please INTJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 have aux 2 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 have nsubj 3 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bill det 5 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 3 have obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 have punct 7 please please INTJ _ 3 have discourse 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have can we the bill vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Patient
Example 6 Mom paid the water bill.
nsubj det compound obj punct root Mom PROPN paid VERB the DET water NOUN bill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mom Mom PROPN Number=Sing 2 paid nsubj 2 paid pay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bill det 4 water water NOUN Number=Sing 5 bill compound 5 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 2 paid obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 paid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay past Mom the water bill vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Asset
Example 7 A duck has a flat bill.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root A DET duck NOUN has VERB a DET flat ADJ bill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 duck det 2 duck duck NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bill det 5 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bill amod 6 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a duck a flat bill vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Patient
Example 8 We split the bill four ways.
nsubj det obj nummod obl:unmarked punct root We PRON split VERB the DET bill NOUN four NUM ways NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 split nsubj 2 split split VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 bill det 4 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 2 split obj 5 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 ways nummod 6 ways way NOUN Number=Plur 2 split obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 split punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 split past We the bill four ways obl:unmarked vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Patient
Example 9 The bill became a law.
det nsubj det xcomp punct root The DET bill NOUN became VERB a DET law NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bill det 2 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 3 became nsubj 3 became become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 law det 5 law law NOUN Number=Sing 3 became xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 became punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become past the bill a law vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 10 The pelican scooped fish with its bill.
det nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET pelican NOUN scooped VERB fish NOUN with ADP its PRON bill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pelican det 2 pelican pelican NOUN Number=Sing 3 scooped nsubj 3 scooped scoop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 3 scooped obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 bill case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 bill nmod:poss 7 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 3 scooped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 scooped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scoop past the pelican fish with pelican's bill vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent fish=Destination 2 bill pelican nom bill «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 11 Then he paid the bill and joined his brothers.
advmod nsubj det obj cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root Then ADV he PRON paid VERB the DET bill NOUN and CCONJ joined VERB his PRON brothers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 3 paid advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 paid nsubj 3 paid pay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bill det 5 bill bill NOUN Number=Sing 3 paid obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 joined cc 7 joined join VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 paid conj 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 brothers nmod:poss 9 brothers brother NOUN Number=Plur 7 joined obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 paid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay past he the bill then vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Asset 2 join past he not said here his brothers vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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