bilingual

Who acts: friend, Road signs, Canada, I, Bilingual children, school newsletter · What happens: speak, write, be, have, use, switch · To what, where: two languages, bilingual dictionary, English, bilingual government, French class, languages · Speech: someone speaks here

«bilingual» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bilingual in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Able to speak two languages well: «a bilingual child».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	to	to	PART	_	3 speak	mark
3	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Able	xcomp
4	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 languages	nummod
5	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 speak	obj
6	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 speak	advmod
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 child	punct
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 child	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 child	det
10	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 child	amod
11	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Able	conj
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 child	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Able	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	to-infinitive		two languages				well property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Written or spoken in two languages: «a bilingual dictionary», «bilingual signs».

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 spoken	cc
3	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Written	conj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 languages	case
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 languages	nummod
6	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 spoken	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Written	punct
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 dictionary	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 dictionary	det
10	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 dictionary	amod
11	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Written	obl
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 dictionary	punct
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 signs	punct
14	«	«	PUNCT	_	16 signs	punct
15	bilingual	bilingual	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 signs	compound
16	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 dictionary	conj
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 dictionary	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Written	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	participle		a bilingual dictionary and bilingual signs					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	speak speech: other	participle				two languages			vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

My friend is bilingual in English and Polish.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 friend	nmod:poss
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bilingual	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bilingual	cop
4	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 English	case
6	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 bilingual	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 Polish	cc
8	Polish	Polish	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 English	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 bilingual	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	My friend			English and Polish		bilingual property	tree rules

Example 2

Road signs in Wales are bilingual.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signs	compound
2	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bilingual	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Wales	case
4	Wales	Wales	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 signs	nmod
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bilingual	cop
6	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 bilingual	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Road signs in Wales					bilingual property	tree rules

Example 3

Canada has a bilingual government.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 government	det
4	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 government	amod
5	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Canada	a bilingual government					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent government=Patient

Example 4

I used a bilingual dictionary in French class.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 dictionary	det
4	bilingual	bilingual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 dictionary	amod
5	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 used	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 class	case
7	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 class	compound
8	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 used	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	I	a bilingual dictionary		French class			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dictionary=Patient

Example 5

Bilingual children often switch languages in one sentence.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bilingual	bilingual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 children	amod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 switch	nsubj
3	often	often	ADV	_	4 switch	advmod
4	switch	switch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 switch	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sentence	case
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 sentence	nummod
8	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 switch	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 switch	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	switch	present	Bilingual children	languages		one sentence		often property	vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient

Example 6

Our school newsletter is bilingual.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 newsletter	nmod:poss
2	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 newsletter	compound
3	newsletter	newsletter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bilingual	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 bilingual	cop
5	bilingual	bilingual	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 bilingual	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Our school newsletter	bilingual					tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/bilingual/