biography

Who acts: We, biography, library, good biography, short biography · What happens: write, describe, tell, have, include, move · To what, where: true book, life, biography, life story, whole shelf, move · Speech: someone speaks here

«biography» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: biography in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A true book or story about a real person's life, written by someone else.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 book	det
2	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 book	amod
3	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 story	cc
5	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 book	conj
6	about	about	ADP	_	11 life	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 person	det
8	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 person	amod
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 life	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 person	case
11	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 story	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 written	punct
13	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 book	acl
14	by	by	ADP	_	15 someone	case
15	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	13 written	obl
16	else	else	ADV	_	15 someone	advmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 book	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	participle		a true book or story about a real person's life not said here				by someone	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A short description of a person's life, such as on a website or book cover.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 description	det
2	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 description	amod
3	description	description	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	8 life	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 person	det
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 life	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 person	case
8	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 description	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 website	punct
10	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	14 website	case
11	as	as	ADP	_	10 such	fixed
12	on	on	ADP	_	14 website	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 website	det
14	website	website	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 description	nmod
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 cover	cc
16	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 cover	compound
17	cover	cover	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 website	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 description	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	describe			a person's life				such a website or book cover	nom description «communication transitive»: of=patient such=obl

Example 1

We wrote a biography of Florence Nightingale.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 wrote	nsubj
2	wrote	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 biography	det
4	biography	biography	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wrote	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 Florence	case
6	Florence	Florence	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 biography	nmod
7	Nightingale	Nightingale	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Florence	flat
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 wrote	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	past	We	a biography of Florence					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biography=Theme

Example 2

A biography tells a real person's life story.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 biography	det
2	biography	biography	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tells	nsubj
3	tells	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 person	det
5	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 person	amod
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 story	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 person	case
8	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 story	compound
9	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tells	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tells	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present	a biography	a real person's life story					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient

Example 3

The library has a whole shelf of sports biographies.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 library	det
2	library	library	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 shelf	det
5	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 shelf	amod
6	shelf	shelf	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 biographies	case
8	sports	sport	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 biographies	compound
9	biographies	biography	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 shelf	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the library	a whole shelf of sports biographies					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shelf=Patient

Example 4

My biography of Grandma includes her move to Canada.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 biography	nmod:poss
2	biography	biography	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 includes	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Grandma	case
4	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 biography	nmod
5	includes	include	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 move	nmod:poss
7	move	move	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 includes	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 Canada	case
9	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 move	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 includes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	include	present	My biography of Grandma	biography's move				to Canada	vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent move=Theme
2	move		biography					to Canada	nom move «act intransitive»: poss=agent to=obl

Example 5

A good biography uses facts and dates in order.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 biography	det
2	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 biography	amod
3	biography	biography	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 uses	nsubj
4	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 uses	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 dates	cc
7	dates	date	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 facts	conj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 order	case
9	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 uses	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	a good biography	facts and dates		order			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fact=Patient

Example 6

The author's short biography is on the back cover.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 author	det
2	author	author	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 biography	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 author	case
4	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 biography	amod
5	biography	biography	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cover	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 cover	cop
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 cover	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 cover	det
9	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cover	compound
10	cover	cover	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 cover	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the author's short biography			the back cover			tree rules

Example 7

These biographies are written with kindly justice, and form a valuable contribution to the history of the reign of the Roi Soleil.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	These	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	2 biographies	det
2	biographies	biography	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 written	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 written	aux:pass
4	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 justice	case
6	kindly	kindly	ADV	_	7 justice	advmod
7	justice	justice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 written	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 form	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 form	cc
10	form	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 written	parataxis
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 contribution	det
12	valuable	valuable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 contribution	amod
13	contribution	contribution	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 form	obj
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 history	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 history	det
16	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 contribution	nmod
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 reign	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 reign	det
19	reign	reign	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 history	nmod
20	of	of	ADP	_	23 Soleil	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 Soleil	det
22	Roi	Roi	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 Soleil	compound
23	Soleil	Soleil	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 reign	nmod
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 written	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	present · passive		this biographies				with justice	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	form	present		a valuable contribution	the history of the reign of the Roi Soleil				vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent contribution=Theme to history=Recipient

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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