bird Who acts: bird, most birds, 3 birds, 4 more birds, 6 birds, many more storks · What happens: be, lay, fly, sit, come, join · To what, where: animal, eggs, fence, birds, small bird, nest
«bird» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bird in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bird is an animal with feathers, wings and a beak; it lays eggs, and most birds can fly.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det case nmod punct conj cc det conj punct nsubj parataxis obj punct cc amod nsubj aux parataxis punct root A DET bird NOUN is AUX an DET animal NOUN with ADP feathers NOUN , PUNCT wings NOUN and CCONJ a DET beak NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON lays VERB eggs NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ most ADJ birds NOUN can AUX fly VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bird det 2 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 5 animal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 animal cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 animal det 5 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 feathers case 7 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur 5 animal nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 wings punct 9 wings wing NOUN Number=Plur 7 feathers conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 beak cc 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 beak det 12 beak beak NOUN Number=Sing 7 feathers conj 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 lays punct 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 lays nsubj 15 lays lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 animal parataxis 16 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 15 lays obj 17 , , PUNCT _ 22 fly punct 18 and and CCONJ _ 22 fly cc 19 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 20 birds amod 20 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 22 fly nsubj 21 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 22 fly aux 22 fly fly VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 lays parataxis 23 . . PUNCT _ 5 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bird a animal with feathers and wings and a beak tree rules 2 lay present bird eggs vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result 3 fly can most birds vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 3 birds were sitting on the fence.
nummod nsubj aux case det obl punct root 3 NUM birds NOUN were AUX sitting VERB on ADP the DET fence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 birds nummod 2 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 4 sitting nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 sitting aux 4 sitting sit VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 fence case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 fence det 7 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 4 sitting obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 sitting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past · progressive 3 birds the fence vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on fence=Location
Example 2 4 more birds came to join them.
nummod amod nsubj mark xcomp obj punct root 4 NUM more ADJ birds NOUN came VERB to PART join VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 birds nummod 2 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 birds amod 3 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 join mark 6 join join VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 came xcomp 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 join obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past 4 more birds tree rules 2 join to-infinitive 4 more birds not said here birds = bird vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
Example 3 6 birds flew away.
nummod nsubj advmod punct root 6 NUM birds NOUN flew VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 birds nummod 2 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 3 flew nsubj 3 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 away away ADV _ 3 flew advmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly away past 6 birds away property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 How many more storks than birds are on the fence?
advmod amod amod nsubj case nmod cop case det punct root How ADV many ADJ more ADJ storks NOUN than ADP birds NOUN are AUX on ADP the DET fence NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 4 storks amod 3 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 storks amod 4 storks stork NOUN Number=Plur 10 fence nsubj 5 than than ADP _ 6 birds case 6 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 4 storks nmod 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 fence cop 8 on on ADP _ 10 fence case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 fence det 10 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 10 fence punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present many more storks than birds the fence tree rules
Example 5 A robin is a small bird with a red chest.
det nsubj cop det amod case det amod nmod punct root A DET robin NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ bird NOUN with ADP a DET red ADJ chest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 robin det 2 robin robin NOUN Number=Sing 6 bird nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bird cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bird det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bird amod 6 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 with with ADP _ 10 chest case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 chest det 9 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 10 chest amod 10 chest chest NOUN Number=Sing 6 bird nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 bird punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a robin a small bird with a red chest tree rules
Example 6 Penguins are birds that cannot fly.
nsubj cop nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl punct root Penguins NOUN are AUX birds NOUN that PRON can AUX not PART fly VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Penguins penguin NOUN Number=Plur 3 birds nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 birds cop 3 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 fly nsubj 5 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 fly aux 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 fly advmod 7 fly fly VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 birds acl:relcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 birds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Penguins birds tree rules 2 not fly can birds vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 The bird built a nest in our tree.
det nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET bird NOUN built VERB a DET nest NOUN in ADP our PRON tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bird det 2 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 3 built nsubj 3 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 nest det 5 nest nest NOUN Number=Sing 3 built obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 tree case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 tree nmod:poss 8 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 3 built obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past the bird a nest our tree vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Product
Example 8 We put out seeds for the birds in winter.
nsubj compound:prt obj case det obl case obl punct root We PRON put VERB out ADP seeds NOUN for ADP the DET birds NOUN in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 put nsubj 2 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADP _ 2 put compound:prt 4 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 2 put obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 birds case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 birds det 7 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 2 put obl 8 in in ADP _ 9 winter case 9 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 put obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put out past We seeds winter for the birds vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent seed=Goal
Example 9 Fine feathers don’t make fine birds.
amod nsubj aux advmod amod obj punct root Fine ADJ feathers NOUN do AUX n’t PART make VERB fine ADJ birds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 2 feathers amod 2 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur 5 make nsubj 3 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 make aux 4 n’t not PART Polarity=Neg 5 make advmod 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 7 birds amod 7 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 5 make obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not make present · do-support Fine feathers fine birds vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bird=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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