birch Who acts: smooth white bark, bundle, silver birch, Native Americans, We, woods · What happens: peel, use, beat, have, make, collect · To what, where: thin layers, people, white peeling bark, canoes, birch bark, birch leaves
«birch» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: birch in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A tall thin tree with smooth white or silver bark that peels in thin layers.
The tree, 15 words det amod amod case amod amod cc conj nmod nsubj acl:relcl case amod obl punct root A DET tall ADJ thin ADJ tree NOUN with ADP smooth ADJ white ADJ or CCONJ silver ADJ bark NOUN that PRON peels VERB in ADP thin ADJ layers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 tree det 2 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 4 tree amod 3 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 4 tree amod 4 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 with with ADP _ 10 bark case 6 smooth smooth ADJ Degree=Pos 10 bark amod 7 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 10 bark amod 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 silver cc 9 silver silver ADJ Degree=Pos 7 white conj 10 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 4 tree nmod 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 peels nsubj 12 peels peel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 bark acl:relcl 13 in in ADP _ 15 layers case 14 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 15 layers amod 15 layers layer NOUN Number=Plur 12 peels obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 tree punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 peel present smooth white bark thin layers vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The wood of this tree: birch furniture.
det case det nmod punct compound conj punct root The DET wood NOUN of ADP this DET tree NOUN : PUNCT birch NOUN furniture NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wood det 2 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 5 tree case 4 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 tree det 5 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 wood nmod 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 furniture punct 7 birch birch NOUN Number=Sing 8 furniture compound 8 furniture furniture NOUN Number=Sing 2 wood conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 wood punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.
A bundle of birch twigs once used to beat people as punishment.
det nsubj case compound nmod advmod mark xcomp obj case obl punct root A DET bundle NOUN of ADP birch NOUN twigs NOUN once ADV used VERB to PART beat VERB people NOUN as ADP punishment NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bundle det 2 bundle bundle NOUN Number=Sing 7 used nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 twigs case 4 birch birch NOUN Number=Sing 5 twigs compound 5 twigs twig NOUN Number=Plur 2 bundle nmod 6 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 7 used advmod 7 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to PART _ 9 beat mark 9 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 used xcomp 10 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 beat obj 11 as as ADP _ 12 punishment case 12 punishment punishment NOUN Number=Sing 9 beat obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past a bundle of birch twigs once property vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 beat to-infinitive a bundle of birch twigs not said here people as punishment vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location people=Theme
Example 1 The silver birch has white peeling bark.
det amod nsubj amod amod obj punct root The DET silver ADJ birch NOUN has VERB white ADJ peeling VERB bark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 birch det 2 silver silver ADJ Degree=Pos 3 birch amod 3 birch birch NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bark amod 6 peeling peel VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 bark amod 7 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 4 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the silver birch white peeling bark vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bark=Patient 2 peel gerund vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Native Americans made canoes from birch bark.
amod nsubj obj case compound obl punct root Native ADJ Americans PROPN made VERB canoes NOUN from ADP birch NOUN bark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Native native ADJ Degree=Pos 2 Americans amod 2 Americans American PROPN Number=Plur 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 canoes canoe NOUN Number=Plur 3 made obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 bark case 6 birch birch NOUN Number=Sing 7 bark compound 7 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Native Americans canoes birch bark vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent canoe=Product from bark=Material
Example 3 We collected birch leaves for our nature table.
nsubj compound obj case nmod:poss compound obl punct root We PRON collected VERB birch NOUN leaves NOUN for ADP our PRON nature NOUN table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 collected nsubj 2 collected collect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 birch birch NOUN Number=Sing 4 leaves compound 4 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 2 collected obj 5 for for ADP _ 8 table case 6 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 table nmod:poss 7 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 8 table compound 8 table table NOUN Number=Sing 2 collected obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 collected punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 collect past We birch leaves for our nature table vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme
Example 4 The woods were full of tall birches.
det nsubj cop case amod obl punct root The DET woods NOUN were AUX full ADJ of ADP tall ADJ birches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 woods det 2 woods wood NOUN Number=Plur 4 full nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 birches case 6 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 7 birches amod 7 birches birch NOUN Number=Plur 4 full obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the woods of tall birches; full property tree rules
Example 5 Birch wood is used for furniture and plywood.
compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl cc conj punct root Birch NOUN wood NOUN is AUX used VERB for ADP furniture NOUN and CCONJ plywood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birch birch NOUN Number=Sing 2 wood compound 2 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 4 used nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 used aux:pass 4 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 for for ADP _ 6 furniture case 6 furniture furniture NOUN Number=Sing 4 used obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 plywood cc 8 plywood plywood NOUN Number=Sing 6 furniture conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present · passive Birch wood for furniture and plywood vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for furniture=Eventuality
Example 6 In old schools children were punished with the birch.
case amod obl nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root In ADP old ADJ schools NOUN children NOUN were AUX punished VERB with ADP the DET birch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 schools case 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 schools amod 3 schools school NOUN Number=Plur 6 punished obl 4 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 punished nsubj:pass 5 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 punished aux:pass 6 punished punish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 with with ADP _ 9 birch case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 birch det 9 birch birch NOUN Number=Sing 6 punished obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 punished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punish past · passive children old schools with the birch vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.attribute»: subject=Patient with birch=Theme
Example 7 Whenever the wind blew the Birch-tree creaked.
det nsubj advcl:relcl det compound punct nsubj acl punct root Whenever ADV the DET wind NOUN blew VERB the DET Birch NOUN - PUNCT tree NOUN creaked VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Whenever whenever ADV PronType=Rel root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 wind det 3 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 4 blew nsubj 4 blew blow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 1 Whenever advcl:relcl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 tree det 6 Birch birch NOUN Number=Sing 8 tree compound 7 - - PUNCT _ 6 Birch punct 8 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 1 Whenever nsubj 9 creaked creak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 tree acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Whenever punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 blow past the wind vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient 2 creak participle the Birch tree not said here vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous biospherenext → bird↑ back to B in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/birch/