bitter Who acts: Bitter, Bitter weather, Bitter feelings, something, bitter fight, coffee · What happens: describe, be, happen, taste, blow, feel · To what, where: strong sharp unpleasant taste, bitter kind, UK, playground, race, bitter rivals
«bitter» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bitter in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Bitter describes a strong, sharp, unpleasant taste, like black coffee, dark chocolate or the peel of a lemon.
The tree, 18 words nsubj det amod punct amod punct amod obj punct case amod appos punct amod appos cc det conj case det nmod punct root Bitter NOUN describes VERB a DET strong ADJ , PUNCT sharp ADJ , PUNCT unpleasant ADJ taste NOUN , PUNCT like ADP black ADJ coffee NOUN , PUNCT dark ADJ chocolate NOUN or CCONJ the DET peel NOUN of ADP a DET lemon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bitter bitter NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes nsubj 2 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 taste det 4 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 9 taste amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 strong punct 6 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 9 taste amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 sharp punct 8 unpleasant unpleasant ADJ Degree=Pos 9 taste amod 9 taste taste NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 coffee punct 11 like like ADP _ 13 coffee case 12 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 13 coffee amod 13 coffee coffee NOUN Number=Sing 9 taste appos 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 chocolate punct 15 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 16 chocolate amod 16 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 13 coffee appos 17 or or CCONJ _ 19 peel cc 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 peel det 19 peel peel NOUN Number=Sing 16 chocolate conj 20 of of ADP _ 22 lemon case 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 lemon det 22 lemon lemon NOUN Number=Sing 19 peel nmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 2 describes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe present Bitter a strong sharp unpleasant taste vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent taste=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Bitter weather or wind is extremely cold.
compound nsubj cc conj cop advmod punct root Bitter NOUN weather NOUN or CCONJ wind NOUN is AUX extremely ADV cold ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bitter bitter NOUN Number=Sing 2 weather compound 2 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 7 cold nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 wind cc 4 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 2 weather conj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 cold cop 6 extremely extremely ADV _ 7 cold advmod 7 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 cold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Bitter weather or wind cold, extremely property tree rules
Meaning 3 Bitter feelings are angry, hurt and resentful because something unfair happened.
compound nsubj cop punct conj cc conj mark nsubj amod advcl punct root Bitter NOUN feelings NOUN are AUX angry ADJ , PUNCT hurt ADJ and CCONJ resentful ADJ because SCONJ something PRON unfair ADJ happened VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bitter bitter NOUN Number=Sing 2 feelings compound 2 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 4 angry nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 angry cop 4 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 hurt punct 6 hurt hurt ADJ Degree=Pos 4 angry conj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 resentful cc 8 resentful resentful ADJ Degree=Pos 4 angry conj 9 because because SCONJ _ 12 happened mark 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 12 happened nsubj 11 unfair unfair ADJ Degree=Pos 10 something amod 12 happened happen VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 resentful advcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 angry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Bitter feelings angry property tree rules 2 be Bitter feelings not said here tree rules 3 be Bitter feelings not said here tree rules 4 happen past something vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 A bitter fight or argument is very angry and hard.
det amod nsubj cc conj cop advmod cc conj punct root A DET bitter ADJ fight NOUN or CCONJ argument NOUN is AUX very ADV angry ADJ and CCONJ hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 fight det 2 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 3 fight amod 3 fight fight NOUN Number=Sing 8 angry nsubj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 argument cc 5 argument argument NOUN Number=Sing 3 fight conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 angry cop 7 very very ADV _ 8 angry advmod 8 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 hard cc 10 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 angry conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 angry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a bitter fight or argument angry property tree rules 2 be a bitter fight or argument not said here tree rules
Meaning 5 In the UK, bitter is also a kind of beer.
case det obl punct amod cop advmod det case nmod punct root In ADP the DET UK PROPN , PUNCT bitter ADJ is AUX also ADV a DET kind NOUN of ADP beer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 UK case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 UK det 3 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 9 kind obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 UK punct 5 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 9 kind amod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 kind cop 7 also also ADV _ 9 kind advmod 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 kind det 9 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 of of ADP _ 11 beer case 11 beer beer NOUN Number=Sing 9 kind nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bitter kind the UK of beer tree rules
Example 1 This coffee is too bitter for me.
det nsubj cop advmod case obl punct root This DET coffee NOUN is AUX too ADV bitter ADJ for ADP me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 coffee det 2 coffee coffee NOUN Number=Sing 5 bitter nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bitter cop 4 too too ADV _ 5 bitter advmod 5 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 for for ADP _ 7 me case 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 bitter obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 bitter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present this coffee for me; bitter property tree rules
Example 2 Dark chocolate tastes a bit bitter.
amod nsubj det obl:unmarked xcomp punct root Dark ADJ chocolate NOUN tastes VERB a DET bit NOUN bitter ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 2 chocolate amod 2 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 3 tastes nsubj 3 tastes taste VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bit det 5 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 6 bitter obl:unmarked 6 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tastes xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 tastes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 taste present Dark chocolate bitter property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 3 A bitter wind blew across the playground.
det amod nsubj case det obl punct root A DET bitter ADJ wind NOUN blew VERB across ADP the DET playground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 wind det 2 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 3 wind amod 3 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 4 blew nsubj 4 blew blow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 across across ADP _ 7 playground case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 playground det 7 playground playground NOUN Number=Sing 4 blew obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 blew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 blow past a bitter wind the playground vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
Example 4 He felt bitter about losing the race unfairly.
nsubj xcomp mark advcl det obj advmod punct root He PRON felt VERB bitter ADJ about SCONJ losing VERB the DET race NOUN unfairly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 felt nsubj 2 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 2 felt xcomp 4 about about SCONJ _ 5 losing mark 5 losing lose VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 bitter advcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 race det 7 race race NOUN Number=Sing 5 losing obj 8 unfairly unfairly ADV _ 5 losing advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past He bitter property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 lose gerund He not said here the race unfairly property vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality
Example 5 The two teams were bitter rivals.
det nummod nsubj cop amod punct root The DET two NUM teams NOUN were AUX bitter ADJ rivals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 teams det 2 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 teams nummod 3 teams team NOUN Number=Plur 6 rivals nsubj 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 rivals cop 5 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 6 rivals amod 6 rivals rival NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 rivals punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the two teams bitter rivals tree rules
Example 6 Some medicine tastes bitter, so mix it with juice.
det nsubj xcomp punct advmod advcl obj case obl punct root Some DET medicine NOUN tastes VERB bitter ADJ , PUNCT so ADV mix VERB it PRON with ADP juice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 medicine det 2 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 3 tastes nsubj 3 tastes taste VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tastes xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 mix punct 6 so so ADV _ 7 mix advmod 7 mix mix VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 tastes advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 mix obj 9 with with ADP _ 10 juice case 10 juice juice NOUN Number=Sing 7 mix obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 tastes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 taste present some medicine bitter property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 mix infinitive some medicine not said here medicine with juice vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient with juice=Co-Patient
Example 7 Never taste berries you find; some are bitter and poisonous.
advmod obj nsubj acl:relcl punct nsubj cop parataxis cc conj punct root Never ADV taste VERB berries NOUN you PRON find VERB ; PUNCT some DET are AUX bitter ADJ and CCONJ poisonous ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 taste advmod 2 taste taste VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 berries berry NOUN Number=Plur 2 taste obj 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 find nsubj 5 find find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 berries acl:relcl 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 bitter punct 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 9 bitter nsubj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 bitter cop 9 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 2 taste parataxis 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 poisonous cc 11 poisonous poisonous ADJ Degree=Pos 9 bitter conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 taste punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not taste imperative you not said here berries vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme berry=Attribute 2 find present you berries not said here vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Topic 3 is present some bitter property tree rules 4 be some not said here tree rules
Example 8 They kept fighting to the bitter end.
nsubj xcomp case det amod obl punct root They PRON kept VERB fighting VERB to ADP the DET bitter ADJ end NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 kept nsubj 2 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 fighting fight VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 kept xcomp 4 to to ADP _ 7 end case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 end det 6 bitter bitter ADJ Degree=Pos 7 end amod 7 end end NOUN Number=Sing 3 fighting obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past They tree rules 2 fight gerund They not said here to the bitter end vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous biternext → bitterly↑ back to B in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/bitter/