bonobo Who acts: bonobo, that, Bonobos, females · What happens: be, live, lead, share, hug, use · To what, where: ape, rainforests, Congo rainforest, closest animal relatives, food, calm arguments
«bonobo» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bonobo in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bonobo is an ape very like a chimpanzee but slimmer, with longer legs and a darker face, that lives only in the rainforests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Africa.
The tree, 33 words det nsubj cop det advmod case det nmod cc conj punct case amod parataxis cc det amod conj punct nsubj conj advmod case det obl case det compound nmod case det nmod case nmod punct root A DET bonobo NOUN is AUX an DET ape NOUN very ADV like ADP a DET chimpanzee NOUN but CCONJ slimmer NOUN , PUNCT with ADP longer ADJ legs NOUN and CCONJ a DET darker ADJ face NOUN , PUNCT that PRON lives VERB only ADV in ADP the DET rainforests NOUN of ADP the DET Democratic PROPN Republic PROPN of ADP the DET Congo PROPN in ADP Africa PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bonobo det 2 bonobo bonobo NOUN Number=Sing 5 ape nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 ape cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ape det 5 ape ape NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 very very ADV _ 9 chimpanzee advmod 7 like like ADP _ 9 chimpanzee case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 chimpanzee det 9 chimpanzee chimpanzee NOUN Number=Sing 5 ape nmod 10 but but CCONJ _ 11 slimmer cc 11 slimmer slimmer NOUN Number=Sing 9 chimpanzee conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 legs punct 13 with with ADP _ 15 legs case 14 longer long ADJ Degree=Cmp 15 legs amod 15 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 5 ape parataxis 16 and and CCONJ _ 19 face cc 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 face det 18 darker dark ADJ Degree=Cmp 19 face amod 19 face face NOUN Number=Sing 15 legs conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 22 lives punct 21 that that PRON PronType=Rel 22 lives nsubj 22 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 ape conj 23 only only ADV _ 26 rainforests advmod 24 in in ADP _ 26 rainforests case 25 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 26 rainforests det 26 rainforests rainforest NOUN Number=Plur 22 lives obl 27 of of ADP _ 30 Republic case 28 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 30 Republic det 29 Democratic Democratic PROPN _ 30 Republic compound 30 Republic Republic PROPN Number=Sing 26 rainforests nmod 31 of of ADP _ 33 Congo case 32 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 33 Congo det 33 Congo Congo PROPN Number=Sing 30 Republic nmod 34 in in ADP _ 35 Africa case 35 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 33 Congo nmod 36 . . PUNCT _ 5 ape punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bonobo a ape like a chimpanzee but slimmer tree rules 2 live present that the rainforests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Africa vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rainforest=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Bonobos live only in the Congo rainforest.
nsubj advmod case det compound obl punct root Bonobos NOUN live VERB only ADV in ADP the DET Congo PROPN rainforest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bonobos bonobo NOUN Number=Plur 2 live nsubj 2 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 only only ADV _ 7 rainforest advmod 4 in in ADP _ 7 rainforest case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 rainforest det 6 Congo Congo PROPN Number=Sing 7 rainforest compound 7 rainforest rainforest NOUN Number=Sing 2 live obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Bonobos the Congo rainforest vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rainforest=Location
Example 2 Bonobos and chimpanzees are our closest animal relatives.
nsubj cc conj cop nmod:poss amod compound punct root Bonobos NOUN and CCONJ chimpanzees NOUN are AUX our PRON closest ADJ animal NOUN relatives NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bonobos bonobo NOUN Number=Plur 8 relatives nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 chimpanzees cc 3 chimpanzees chimpanzee NOUN Number=Plur 1 Bonobos conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 relatives cop 5 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 relatives nmod:poss 6 closest close ADJ Degree=Sup 8 relatives amod 7 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 8 relatives compound 8 relatives relative NOUN Number=Plur root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 relatives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Bonobos and chimpanzees our closest animal relatives tree rules
Example 3 In bonobo groups, females often lead.
case compound obl punct nsubj advmod punct root In ADP bonobo NOUN groups NOUN , PUNCT females NOUN often ADV lead VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 groups case 2 bonobo bonobo NOUN Number=Sing 3 groups compound 3 groups group NOUN Number=Plur 7 lead obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 groups punct 5 females female NOUN Number=Plur 7 lead nsubj 6 often often ADV _ 7 lead advmod 7 lead lead VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 lead punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead present females in bonobo groups; often property vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition in group=Patient
Example 4 Bonobos share food and hug to calm arguments.
nsubj obj cc conj mark amod obj punct root Bonobos NOUN share VERB food NOUN and CCONJ hug VERB to PART calm ADJ arguments NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bonobos bonobo NOUN Number=Plur 2 share nsubj 2 share share VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 share obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 hug cc 5 hug hug VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 share conj 6 to to PART _ 7 calm mark 7 calm calm ADJ Degree=Pos 8 arguments amod 8 arguments argument NOUN Number=Plur 5 hug obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 share punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 share present Bonobos food tree rules 2 hug infinitive Bonobos not said here calm arguments vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent argument=Co-Agent
Example 5 The bonobo used a stick as a tool.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET bonobo NOUN used VERB a DET stick NOUN as ADP a DET tool NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bonobo det 2 bonobo bonobo NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 stick det 5 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obj 6 as as ADP _ 8 tool case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 tool det 8 tool tool NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the bonobo a stick as a tool vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent stick=Duration as tool=Attribute
Example 6 Bonobos are endangered because of hunting.
nsubj cop case fixed obl punct root Bonobos NOUN are AUX endangered ADJ because ADP of ADP hunting NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bonobos bonobo NOUN Number=Plur 3 endangered nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 endangered cop 3 endangered endangered ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 6 hunting case 5 of of ADP _ 4 because fixed 6 hunting hunting NOUN Number=Sing 3 endangered obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 endangered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Bonobos because hunting; endangered property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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