brightness Who acts: something, bright lamp, colour, setting, brightness, you · What happens: give off, reflect, have, be, make, hurt · To what, where: high brightness, screen, eyes, brightness, tablet, greater brightness
«brightness» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: brightness in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 How much light something gives off or reflects; a bright lamp has high brightness.
The tree, 14 words advmod amod compound nsubj compound:prt cc conj punct det amod nsubj conj amod obj punct root How ADV much ADJ light NOUN something PRON gives VERB off ADP or CCONJ reflects VERB ; PUNCT a DET bright ADJ lamp NOUN has VERB high ADJ brightness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 4 something amod 3 light light NOUN Number=Sing 4 something compound 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 gives nsubj 5 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 off off ADP _ 5 gives compound:prt 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 reflects cc 8 reflects reflect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 gives conj 9 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 has punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 lamp det 11 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 12 lamp amod 12 lamp lamp NOUN Number=Sing 13 has nsubj 13 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 gives conj 14 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 15 brightness amod 15 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 13 has obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give off present something vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source 2 reflect present something not said here vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 have present a bright lamp high brightness vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brightness=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 How strong and clear a colour is.
advmod cc conj det nsubj cop punct root How ADV strong ADJ and CCONJ clear ADJ a DET colour NOUN is AUX . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 strong advmod 2 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 clear cc 4 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 2 strong conj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 colour det 6 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 2 strong nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 strong cop 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 strong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a colour strong property tree rules 2 be a colour not said here tree rules
Meaning 3 A cheerful, lively quality in a person's face, voice or mood.
The tree, 12 words det amod punct amod case det nmod:poss case nmod punct conj cc conj punct root A DET cheerful ADJ , PUNCT lively ADJ quality NOUN in ADP a DET person NOUN 's PART face NOUN , PUNCT voice NOUN or CCONJ mood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 quality det 2 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 5 quality amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 cheerful punct 4 lively lively ADJ Degree=Pos 5 quality amod 5 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 10 face case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 person det 8 person person NOUN Number=Sing 10 face nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 person case 10 face face NOUN Number=Sing 5 quality nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 voice punct 12 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 10 face conj 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 mood cc 14 mood mood NOUN Number=Sing 10 face conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 quality punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 The setting on a screen that makes it lighter or darker.
det case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj xcomp cc conj punct root The DET setting NOUN on ADP a DET screen NOUN that PRON makes VERB it PRON lighter ADJ or CCONJ darker ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 setting det 2 setting setting NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 screen case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 screen det 5 screen screen NOUN Number=Sing 2 setting nmod 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 makes nsubj 7 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 setting acl:relcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 makes obj 9 lighter light ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 makes xcomp 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 darker cc 11 darker dark ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 lighter conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 setting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present the setting on a screen screen light property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
Example 1 The brightness of the sun hurt my eyes.
det nsubj case det nmod nmod:poss obj punct root The DET brightness NOUN of ADP the DET sun NOUN hurt VERB my PRON eyes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 brightness det 2 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 6 hurt nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 sun case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sun det 5 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 2 brightness nmod 6 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 eyes nmod:poss 8 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 6 hurt obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt past the brightness of the sun my eyes vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eye=Patient
Example 2 Turn the brightness down on your tablet before bed.
det obj compound:prt case nmod:poss obl case obl punct root Turn VERB the DET brightness NOUN down ADP on ADP your PRON tablet NOUN before ADP bed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Turn turn VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 brightness det 3 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 1 Turn obj 4 down down ADP _ 1 Turn compound:prt 5 on on ADP _ 7 tablet case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 tablet nmod:poss 7 tablet tablet NOUN Number=Sing 1 Turn obl 8 before before ADP _ 9 bed case 9 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 1 Turn obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn down imperative you not said here the brightness your tablet before bed vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brightness=Theme
Example 3 We tested how the brightness of the bulb changed with two batteries.
nsubj advmod det nsubj case det nmod advcl case nummod obl punct root We PRON tested VERB how ADV the DET brightness NOUN of ADP the DET bulb NOUN changed VERB with ADP two NUM batteries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 tested nsubj 2 tested test VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 changed advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 brightness det 5 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 9 changed nsubj 6 of of ADP _ 8 bulb case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bulb det 8 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing 5 brightness nmod 9 changed change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 tested advcl 10 with with ADP _ 12 batteries case 11 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 batteries nummod 12 batteries battery NOUN Number=Plur 9 changed obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 tested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test past We vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 change past the brightness of the bulb with two batteries vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Some stars have a greater brightness than others.
det nsubj det amod obj case nmod punct root Some DET stars NOUN have VERB a DET greater ADJ brightness NOUN than ADP others NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 stars det 2 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 3 have nsubj 3 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 brightness det 5 greater great ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 brightness amod 6 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 3 have obj 7 than than ADP _ 8 others case 8 others other NOUN Number=Plur 6 brightness nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present some stars a greater brightness than others vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brightness=Patient
Example 5 The brightness of the paint made the classroom cheerful.
det nsubj case det nmod det obj xcomp punct root The DET brightness NOUN of ADP the DET paint NOUN made VERB the DET classroom NOUN cheerful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 brightness det 2 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 6 made nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 paint case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 paint det 5 paint paint NOUN Number=Sing 2 brightness nmod 6 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 classroom det 8 classroom classroom NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obj 9 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 6 made xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the brightness of the paint the classroom cheerful property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset classroom=Product
Example 6 Her smile had a brightness that made everyone feel welcome.
nmod:poss nsubj det obj nsubj acl:relcl obj xcomp xcomp punct root Her PRON smile NOUN had VERB a DET brightness NOUN that PRON made VERB everyone PRON feel VERB welcome ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 smile nmod:poss 2 smile smile NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 brightness det 5 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 made nsubj 7 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 brightness acl:relcl 8 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 7 made obj 9 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 made xcomp 10 welcome welcome ADJ Degree=Pos 9 feel xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Her smile a brightness vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brightness=Patient 2 make past a brightness everyone tree rules 3 feel infinitive everyone not said here welcome property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 4 smile Her = she nom smile «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 Never look straight at the sun, whatever its brightness.
advmod advmod case det obl punct nmod nmod:poss nsubj punct root Never ADV look VERB straight ADV at ADP the DET sun NOUN , PUNCT whatever PRON its PRON brightness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 look advmod 2 look look VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 straight straight ADV _ 2 look advmod 4 at at ADP _ 6 sun case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sun det 6 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 2 look obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 whatever punct 8 whatever whatever PRON PronType=Rel 6 sun nmod 9 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 brightness nmod:poss 10 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 8 whatever nsubj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not look imperative you not said here at the sun whatever; straight property vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at sun=Theme
Example 8 The candles were now lighted--what brightness!
det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod punct nsubj obl punct root The DET candles NOUN were AUX now ADV lighted VERB -- PUNCT what PRON brightness NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 candles det 2 candles candle NOUN Number=Plur 5 lighted nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 lighted aux:pass 4 now now ADV PronType=Dem 5 lighted advmod 5 lighted light VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 -- -- PUNCT _ 8 brightness punct 7 what what PRON PronType=Int 8 brightness nsubj 8 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 5 lighted obl 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 lighted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 light past · passive the candles now vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product 2 brightness tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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