budding

Who acts: first green leaves, snail, rose tree, She · What happens: start, grow, develop, begin, show, form · To what, where: promise, buds, rose tree, budding artist

«budding» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: budding in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Just starting to grow or develop; beginning to show promise.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Just	just	ADV	_	2 starting	advmod
2	starting	start	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 grow	mark
4	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 starting	xcomp
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 develop	cc
6	develop	develop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 grow	conj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 beginning	punct
8	beginning	begin	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 starting	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 show	mark
10	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 beginning	xcomp
11	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 show	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 starting	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	start	gerund		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	grow	to-infinitive		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	develop	infinitive		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	begin	gerund		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
5	show	to-infinitive	promise	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent promise=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Of a plant, beginning to form buds or new leaves.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 plant	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 plant	det
3	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 beginning	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 plant	punct
5	beginning	begin	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 form	mark
7	form	form	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 beginning	xcomp
8	buds	bud	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 form	obj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 leaves	cc
10	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 leaves	amod
11	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 buds	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 beginning	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	gerund						of a plant	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	form	to-infinitive		buds or new leaves					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bud=Theme

Example 1

The first green leaves were budding.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 leaves	det
2	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 leaves	amod
3	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 leaves	amod
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 budding	nsubj
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 budding	aux
6	budding	bud	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 budding	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bud	past · progressive	the first green leaves						vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 2

The snail lay under the rose-tree, which was budding again.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 snail	det
2	snail	snail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lay	nsubj
3	lay	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	under	under	ADP	_	8 tree	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 tree	det
6	rose	rose	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 tree	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 rose	punct
8	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lay	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 budding	punct
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 budding	nsubj
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 budding	aux
12	budding	bud	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 tree	conj
13	again	again	ADV	_	12 budding	advmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lie	past	the snail			the rose tree			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under tree=Location
2	bud	past · progressive	the rose tree				again		vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 3

She is a budding artist.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 artist	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 artist	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 artist	det
4	budding	budding	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 artist	compound
5	artist	artist	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 artist	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	She	a budding artist					tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/budding/