bulldog Who acts: bulldog, person, bulldog clip, strong metal clip, Bulldogs, you · What happens: be, not let, go, hold, snore, find · To what, where: breed, person, strong metal clip, papers, it, hot weather
«bulldog» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bulldog in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bulldog is a breed of strong dog with a short, flat face, a big head, short legs and loose wrinkly skin.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj cop det case amod nmod case det amod punct amod nmod punct det amod conj punct amod conj cc amod amod conj punct root A DET bulldog NOUN is AUX a DET breed NOUN of ADP strong ADJ dog NOUN with ADP a DET short ADJ , PUNCT flat ADJ face NOUN , PUNCT a DET big ADJ head NOUN , PUNCT short ADJ legs NOUN and CCONJ loose ADJ wrinkly ADJ skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bulldog det 2 bulldog bulldog NOUN Number=Sing 5 breed nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 breed cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 breed det 5 breed breed NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 dog case 7 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 8 dog amod 8 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 5 breed nmod 9 with with ADP _ 14 face case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 face det 11 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 14 face amod 12 , , PUNCT _ 11 short punct 13 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 14 face amod 14 face face NOUN Number=Sing 8 dog nmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 head punct 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 head det 17 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 18 head amod 18 head head NOUN Number=Sing 14 face conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 legs punct 20 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 21 legs amod 21 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 14 face conj 22 and and CCONJ _ 25 skin cc 23 loose loose ADJ Degree=Pos 25 skin amod 24 wrinkly wrinkly ADJ Degree=Pos 25 skin amod 25 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 14 face conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 5 breed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bulldog a breed of strong dog with a short flat face and a big head and short legs and loose wrinkly skin tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.
A bulldog is a person who is very stubborn and brave and never lets go of a task.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl cc conj cc advmod conj xcomp case det obl punct root A DET bulldog NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON is AUX very ADV stubborn ADJ and CCONJ brave ADJ and CCONJ never ADV lets VERB go VERB of ADP a DET task NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bulldog det 2 bulldog bulldog NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 stubborn nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 stubborn cop 8 very very ADV _ 9 stubborn advmod 9 stubborn stubborn ADJ Degree=Pos 5 person acl:relcl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 brave cc 11 brave brave ADJ Degree=Pos 9 stubborn conj 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 lets cc 13 never never ADV PronType=Neg 14 lets advmod 14 lets let VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 stubborn conj 15 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 lets xcomp 16 of of ADP _ 18 task case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 task det 18 task task NOUN Number=Sing 15 go obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bulldog a person tree rules 2 is present a person stubborn property tree rules 3 be a person not said here tree rules 4 not let present a person not said here tree rules 5 go infinitive a person not said here of a task vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of task=Initial_Location
Meaning 3 A bulldog clip is a strong metal clip for holding papers together.
det compound nsubj cop det amod compound mark acl obj advmod punct root A DET bulldog NOUN clip NOUN is AUX a DET strong ADJ metal NOUN clip NOUN for SCONJ holding VERB papers NOUN together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 clip det 2 bulldog bulldog NOUN Number=Sing 3 clip compound 3 clip clip NOUN Number=Sing 8 clip nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 clip cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 clip det 6 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 8 clip amod 7 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 8 clip compound 8 clip clip NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 for for SCONJ _ 10 holding mark 10 holding hold VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 clip acl 11 papers paper NOUN Number=Plur 10 holding obj 12 together together ADV _ 10 holding advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 clip punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bulldog clip a strong metal clip tree rules 2 hold gerund a strong metal clip not said here papers together property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Theme
Example 1 Our neighbour's bulldog snores very loudly.
nmod:poss nmod:poss case nsubj advmod advmod punct root Our PRON neighbour NOUN 's PART bulldog NOUN snores VERB very ADV loudly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 neighbour nmod:poss 2 neighbour neighbour NOUN Number=Sing 4 bulldog nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 neighbour case 4 bulldog bulldog NOUN Number=Sing 5 snores nsubj 5 snores snore VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 very very ADV _ 7 loudly advmod 7 loudly loudly ADV _ 5 snores advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 snores punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 snore present Our neighbour's bulldog loudly property vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Bulldogs can find it hard to breathe in hot weather.
nsubj aux obj xcomp mark xcomp case amod obl punct root Bulldogs NOUN can AUX find VERB it PRON hard ADJ to PART breathe VERB in ADP hot ADJ weather NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bulldogs bulldog NOUN Number=Plur 3 find nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 find aux 3 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 find obj 5 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 3 find xcomp 6 to to PART _ 7 breathe mark 7 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 hard xcomp 8 in in ADP _ 10 weather case 9 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 10 weather amod 10 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 7 breathe obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 find punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find can Bulldogs it hard property vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic 2 breathe to-infinitive hot weather vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Use a bulldog clip to keep your worksheets together.
det compound obj mark advcl nmod:poss obj advmod punct root Use VERB a DET bulldog NOUN clip NOUN to PART keep VERB your PRON worksheets NOUN together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 clip det 3 bulldog bulldog NOUN Number=Sing 4 clip compound 4 clip clip NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 5 to to PART _ 6 keep mark 6 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Use advcl 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 worksheets nmod:poss 8 worksheets worksheet NOUN Number=Plur 6 keep obj 9 together together ADV _ 6 keep advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here a bulldog clip vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clip=Patient 2 keep to-infinitive you not said here your worksheets together property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worksheet=Theme
Example 4 The team mascot is a bulldog.
det compound nsubj cop det punct root The DET team NOUN mascot NOUN is AUX a DET bulldog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 mascot det 2 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 mascot compound 3 mascot mascot NOUN Number=Sing 6 bulldog nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bulldog cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bulldog det 6 bulldog bulldog NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 bulldog punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the team mascot a bulldog tree rules
Example 5 She tackled the problem like a bulldog and never gave up.
nsubj det obj case det nmod cc advmod conj compound:prt punct root She PRON tackled VERB the DET problem NOUN like ADP a DET bulldog NOUN and CCONJ never ADV gave VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tackled nsubj 2 tackled tackle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 problem det 4 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing 2 tackled obj 5 like like ADP _ 7 bulldog case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bulldog det 7 bulldog bulldog NOUN Number=Sing 4 problem nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 gave cc 9 never never ADV PronType=Neg 10 gave advmod 10 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 tackled conj 11 up up ADP _ 10 gave compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 tackled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tackle past She the problem like a bulldog vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent problem=Theme 2 not give up past She not said here vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 We played British Bulldog until someone fell over.
nsubj amod obj mark nsubj advcl advmod punct root We PRON played VERB British ADJ Bulldog PROPN until SCONJ someone PRON fell VERB over ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 played nsubj 2 played play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 British British ADJ Degree=Pos 4 Bulldog amod 4 Bulldog Bulldog PROPN Number=Sing 2 played obj 5 until until SCONJ _ 7 fell mark 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 fell nsubj 7 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 played advcl 8 over over ADV _ 7 fell advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 played punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play past We British Bulldog vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bulldog=Theme 2 fall over past someone over property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 A French bulldog has big, bat-like ears.
det amod nsubj amod punct compound punct amod obj punct root A DET French ADJ bulldog NOUN has VERB big ADJ , PUNCT bat NOUN - PUNCT like ADJ ears NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 bulldog det 2 French French ADJ Degree=Pos 3 bulldog amod 3 bulldog bulldog NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 10 ears amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 big punct 7 bat bat NOUN Number=Sing 9 like compound 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 bat punct 9 like like ADJ Degree=Pos 10 ears amod 10 ears ear NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a French bulldog big like ears vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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