callus Who acts: callus, hard lump, Playing, you, gymnast, Walking · What happens: be, make, press, form, break, heal · To what, where: patch, hard lump, broken bone, guitar, fingertips, calluses
«callus» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: callus in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A callus is a patch of hard, thick skin on your hands or feet, made by rubbing or pressing again and again.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj cop det case amod punct amod nmod case nmod:poss nmod cc conj punct parataxis case obl cc conj advmod cc conj punct root A DET callus NOUN is AUX a DET patch NOUN of ADP hard ADJ , PUNCT thick ADJ skin NOUN on ADP your PRON hands NOUN or CCONJ feet NOUN , PUNCT made VERB by ADP rubbing NOUN or CCONJ pressing VERB again ADV and CCONJ again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 callus det 2 callus callus NOUN Number=Sing 5 patch nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 patch cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 patch det 5 patch patch NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 10 skin case 7 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 10 skin amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 hard punct 9 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 10 skin amod 10 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 5 patch nmod 11 on on ADP _ 13 hands case 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 hands nmod:poss 13 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 10 skin nmod 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 feet cc 15 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 13 hands conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 made punct 17 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 patch parataxis 18 by by ADP _ 19 rubbing case 19 rubbing rubbing NOUN Number=Sing 17 made obl 20 or or CCONJ _ 21 pressing cc 21 pressing press VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 17 made conj 22 again again ADV _ 21 pressing advmod 23 and and CCONJ _ 24 again cc 24 again again ADV _ 22 again conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 5 patch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a callus a patch of hard thick skin on your hands or feet tree rules 2 make participle by rubbing vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 press gerund again vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
A callus is also the hard lump that forms around a broken bone as it heals.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop advmod det amod nsubj acl:relcl case det amod obl mark nsubj advcl punct root A DET callus NOUN is AUX also ADV the DET hard ADJ lump NOUN that PRON forms VERB around ADP a DET broken VERB bone NOUN as SCONJ it PRON heals VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 callus det 2 callus callus NOUN Number=Sing 7 lump nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 lump cop 4 also also ADV _ 7 lump advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 lump det 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lump amod 7 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 forms nsubj 9 forms form VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 lump acl:relcl 10 around around ADP _ 13 bone case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 bone det 12 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 bone amod 13 bone bone NOUN Number=Sing 9 forms obl 14 as as SCONJ _ 16 heals mark 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 heals nsubj 16 heals heal VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 forms advcl 17 . . PUNCT _ 7 lump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a callus the hard lump tree rules 2 form present the hard lump a broken bone vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around bone=Location 3 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 4 heal present callus vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 Playing guitar gives you calluses on your fingertips.
csubj obj nsubj ccomp case nmod:poss obl punct root Playing VERB guitar NOUN gives VERB you PRON calluses VERB on ADP your PRON fingertips NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Playing play VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 gives csubj 2 guitar guitar NOUN Number=Sing 1 Playing obj 3 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 calluses nsubj 5 calluses callus VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 gives ccomp 6 on on ADP _ 8 fingertips case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 fingertips nmod:poss 8 fingertips fingertip NOUN Number=Plur 5 calluses obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play gerund guitar vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guitar=Theme 2 give present Playing tree rules 3 callus present you your fingertips tree rules
Example 2 The gymnast had calluses on her hands.
det nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET gymnast NOUN had VERB calluses NOUN on ADP her PRON hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 gymnast det 2 gymnast gymnast NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 calluses callus NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 hands case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 hands nmod:poss 7 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the gymnast calluses gymnast's hands vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent callus=Patient
Example 3 Walking barefoot can make calluses on your feet.
csubj obj aux obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Walking VERB barefoot NOUN can AUX make VERB calluses NOUN on ADP your PRON feet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Walking walk VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 make csubj 2 barefoot barefoot NOUN Number=Sing 1 Walking obj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 make aux 4 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 calluses callus NOUN Number=Plur 4 make obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 feet case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 feet nmod:poss 8 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 4 make obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk gerund barefoot vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme barefoot=Trajectory 2 make can Walking calluses your feet vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset callus=Product
Example 4 The farmer's hands were rough with calluses.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop case obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN 's PART hands NOUN were AUX rough ADJ with ADP calluses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 4 hands nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 farmer case 4 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 6 rough nsubj 5 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 rough cop 6 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 with with ADP _ 8 calluses case 8 calluses callus NOUN Number=Plur 6 rough obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 rough punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the farmer's hands with calluses; rough property tree rules
Example 5 A callus forms around a broken bone as it heals.
det nsubj case det amod obl mark nsubj advcl punct root A DET callus NOUN forms VERB around ADP a DET broken VERB bone NOUN as SCONJ it PRON heals VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 callus det 2 callus callus NOUN Number=Sing 3 forms nsubj 3 forms form VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 around around ADP _ 7 bone case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bone det 6 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 bone amod 7 bone bone NOUN Number=Sing 3 forms obl 8 as as SCONJ _ 10 heals mark 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 heals nsubj 10 heals heal VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 forms advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 forms punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 form present a callus a broken bone vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around bone=Location 2 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 3 heal present callus vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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