cause Who acts: something, people, cause, Ice, Heat, Germs · What happens: make, happen, support, be, feel, do · To what, where: something, idea, reason, candle, fire, accidents
«cause» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cause in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 What makes something happen.
nsubj obj xcomp punct root What PRON makes VERB something PRON happen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 2 makes nsubj 2 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 makes obj 4 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 makes xcomp 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present something tree rules 2 happen infinitive something not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"The cause of the fire was a candle."
punct det nsubj case det nmod cop det punct punct root " PUNCT The DET cause NOUN of ADP the DET fire NOUN was AUX a DET candle NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 9 candle punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cause det 3 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 9 candle nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 6 fire case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 fire det 6 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 cause nmod 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 candle cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 candle det 9 candle candle NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 candle punct 11 " " PUNCT _ 9 candle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote past the cause of the fire a candle tree rules 2 cause in a quote the fire nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 2 As a verb, to make something happen.
case det obl punct mark obj xcomp punct root As ADP a DET verb NOUN , PUNCT to PART make VERB something PRON happen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 verb case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 verb det 3 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 6 make obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 make punct 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 make obj 8 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive something as a verb tree rules 2 happen infinitive something not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Ice can cause accidents."
punct nsubj aux obj punct punct root " PUNCT Ice NOUN can AUX cause VERB accidents NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 cause punct 2 Ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 4 cause nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 cause aux 4 cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 accidents accident NOUN Number=Plur 4 cause obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 cause punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 4 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause in a quote can Ice accidents vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition accident=Patient
Meaning 3 A goal or idea that people support.
det cc conj mark nsubj acl punct root A DET goal NOUN or CCONJ idea NOUN that SCONJ people NOUN support VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 goal det 2 goal goal NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 idea cc 4 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 2 goal conj 5 that that SCONJ _ 7 support mark 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 support nsubj 7 support support VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 idea acl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 goal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 support present people idea not said here vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer idea=Stimulus
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a good cause".
punct det amod punct punct root " PUNCT a DET good ADJ cause NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 cause punct 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 cause det 3 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 4 cause amod 4 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 cause punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 cause punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 A cause can also be a reason to feel or do something, as in "cause for worry".
The tree, 17 words det nsubj aux advmod cop det mark acl cc conj obj punct case case punct parataxis case nmod punct punct root A DET cause NOUN can AUX also ADV be AUX a DET reason NOUN to PART feel VERB or CCONJ do VERB something PRON , PUNCT as ADP in ADP " PUNCT cause NOUN for ADP worry NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cause det 2 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 7 reason nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 reason aux 4 also also ADV _ 7 reason advmod 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 reason cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 reason det 7 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 to to PART _ 9 feel mark 9 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 reason acl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 do cc 11 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 feel conj 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 do obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 cause punct 14 as as ADP _ 17 cause case 15 in in ADP _ 17 cause case 16 " " PUNCT _ 17 cause punct 17 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 11 do parataxis 18 for for ADP _ 19 worry case 19 worry worry NOUN Number=Sing 17 cause nmod 20 " " PUNCT _ 17 cause punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 7 reason punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can a cause a reason tree rules 2 feel to-infinitive vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 3 do infinitive something tree rules
Example 1 What was the cause of the accident?
cop det nsubj case det nmod punct root What PRON was AUX the DET cause NOUN of ADP the DET accident NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cause det 4 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 7 accident case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 accident det 7 accident accident NOUN Number=Sing 4 cause nmod 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the cause of the accident tree rules 2 cause the accident nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 Heat causes ice to melt.
nsubj obj mark acl punct root Heat NOUN causes VERB ice NOUN to PART melt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 2 causes nsubj 2 causes cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 2 causes obj 4 to to PART _ 5 melt mark 5 melt melt VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 ice acl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 causes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present Heat ice vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition ice=Patient 2 melt to-infinitive Heat not said here ice not said here vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 Germs cause many illnesses.
nsubj amod obj punct root Germs NOUN cause VERB many ADJ illnesses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Germs germ NOUN Number=Plur 2 cause nsubj 2 cause cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 4 illnesses amod 4 illnesses illness NOUN Number=Plur 2 cause obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present Germs many illnesses vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition illness=Patient
Example 4 Running in the corridor can cause accidents.
csubj case det obl aux obj punct root Running VERB in ADP the DET corridor NOUN can AUX cause VERB accidents NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Running run VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 cause csubj 2 in in ADP _ 4 corridor case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 corridor det 4 corridor corridor NOUN Number=Sing 1 Running obl 5 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 cause aux 6 cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 accidents accident NOUN Number=Plur 6 cause obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run gerund the corridor vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in corridor=Trajectory 2 cause can Running accidents vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition accident=Patient
Example 5 We raised money for a good cause.
nsubj obj case det amod obl punct root We PRON raised VERB money NOUN for ADP a DET good ADJ cause NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 raised nsubj 2 raised raise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 money money NOUN Number=Sing 2 raised obj 4 for for ADP _ 7 cause case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cause det 6 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cause amod 7 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 2 raised obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 raised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 raise past We money for a good cause vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme
Example 6 The storm caused a lot of damage.
det nsubj det obj case nmod punct root The DET storm NOUN caused VERB a DET lot NOUN of ADP damage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 storm det 2 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused nsubj 3 caused cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lot det 5 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 damage case 7 damage damage NOUN Number=Sing 5 lot nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause past the storm a lot of damage vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition lot=Patient
Example 7 Cause and effect: rain causes puddles.
cc conj punct nsubj parataxis obj punct root Cause NOUN and CCONJ effect NOUN : PUNCT rain NOUN causes VERB puddles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cause cause NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 effect cc 3 effect effect NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cause conj 4 : : PUNCT _ 6 causes punct 5 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 6 causes nsubj 6 causes cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Cause parataxis 7 puddles puddle NOUN Number=Plur 6 causes obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present rain puddles vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition puddle=Patient
Example 8 Don't cause trouble.
aux advmod obj punct root Do AUX n't PART cause VERB trouble NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 cause aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 cause advmod 3 cause cause VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 trouble trouble NOUN Number=Sing 3 cause obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not cause imperative · do-support you not said here trouble vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition trouble=Patient
Example 9 The Beasts, too, had cause for fight.
det nsubj punct advmod punct obj case nmod punct root The DET Beasts PROPN , PUNCT too ADV , PUNCT had VERB cause NOUN for ADP fight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Beasts det 2 Beasts Beast PROPN Number=Plur 6 had nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 had punct 4 too too ADV _ 6 had advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 had punct 6 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 6 had obj 8 for for ADP _ 9 fight case 9 fight fight NOUN Number=Sing 7 cause nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the Beasts cause for fight vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous causativenext → causeless↑ back to C in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/cause/