cd Who acts: CD, thin round plastic disc, Grandad, you, class, our · What happens: be, store, read, move, mean, corp · To what, where: thin round plastic disc, music, command, you, terminal, symbol · Speech: someone speaks here
«cd» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cd in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A CD (compact disc) is a thin, shiny, round plastic disc that stores music or computer data, read by a laser.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj punct amod appos punct cop det amod punct conj punct amod amod nsubj acl:relcl obj cc compound conj punct acl case det obl punct root A DET CD NOUN ( PUNCT compact ADJ disc NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX a DET thin ADJ , PUNCT shiny ADJ , PUNCT round ADJ plastic ADJ disc NOUN that PRON stores VERB music NOUN or CCONJ computer NOUN data NOUN , PUNCT read VERB by ADP a DET laser NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 CD det 2 CD CD NOUN Number=Sing 15 disc nsubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 disc punct 4 compact compact ADJ Degree=Pos 5 disc amod 5 disc disc NOUN Number=Sing 2 CD appos 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 disc punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 disc cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 disc det 9 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 15 disc amod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 shiny punct 11 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 9 thin conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 9 thin punct 13 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 15 disc amod 14 plastic plastic ADJ Degree=Pos 15 disc amod 15 disc disc NOUN Number=Sing root root 16 that that PRON PronType=Rel 17 stores nsubj 17 stores store VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 disc acl:relcl 18 music music NOUN Number=Sing 17 stores obj 19 or or CCONJ _ 21 data cc 20 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 21 data compound 21 data data NOUN Number=Sing 18 music conj 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 read punct 23 read read VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 music acl 24 by by ADP _ 26 laser case 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 laser det 26 laser laser NOUN Number=Sing 23 read obl 27 . . PUNCT _ 15 disc punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a CD a thin round plastic disc tree rules 2 store present a thin round plastic disc music or computer data vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent music=Theme 3 read participle music or computer data not said here by a laser vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.
«cd» is a command for «change directory»: it moves you to another folder in a terminal.
The tree, 16 words punct nsubj punct cop det case punct compound nmod punct punct nsubj conj obj case det obl case det obl punct root « PUNCT cd NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET command NOUN for ADP « PUNCT change NOUN directory NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT it PRON moves VERB you PRON to ADP another DET folder NOUN in ADP a DET terminal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 cd punct 2 cd CD NOUN Number=Sing 6 command nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 cd punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 command cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 command det 6 command command NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 for for ADP _ 10 directory case 8 « « PUNCT _ 10 directory punct 9 change change NOUN Number=Sing 10 directory compound 10 directory directory NOUN Number=Sing 6 command nmod 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 directory punct 12 : : PUNCT _ 14 moves punct 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 moves nsubj 14 moves move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 command conj 15 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 moves obj 16 to to ADP _ 18 folder case 17 another another DET PronType=Ind 18 folder det 18 folder folder NOUN Number=Sing 14 moves obl 19 in in ADP _ 21 terminal case 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 terminal det 21 terminal terminal NOUN Number=Sing 14 moves obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 command punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present cd a command for change directory tree rules 2 move present cd you a terminal to another folder vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent you=Theme to folder=Source in terminal=Trajectory
Meaning 3 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
«cd» is the symbol for the candela, the unit of light brightness.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj punct cop det case det nmod punct det parataxis case compound nmod punct root « PUNCT cd NOUN » PUNCT is AUX the DET symbol NOUN for ADP the DET candela NOUN , PUNCT the DET unit NOUN of ADP light NOUN brightness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 cd punct 2 cd CD NOUN Number=Sing 6 symbol nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 cd punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 symbol cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 symbol det 6 symbol symbol NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 for for ADP _ 9 candela case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 candela det 9 candela candela NOUN Number=Sing 6 symbol nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 unit punct 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 unit det 12 unit unit NOUN Number=Sing 6 symbol parataxis 13 of of ADP _ 15 brightness case 14 light light NOUN Number=Sing 15 brightness compound 15 brightness brightness NOUN Number=Sing 12 unit nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 symbol punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present cd the symbol for the candela tree rules
Meaning 4 Other meanings in context.
amod case nmod punct root Other ADJ meanings NOUN in ADP context NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Other other ADJ Degree=Pos 2 meanings amod 2 meanings meaning NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 context case 4 context context NOUN Number=Sing 2 meanings nmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 meanings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
CD can mean «certificate of deposit» (money) or «corps diplomatique» (diplomat's car sign).
The tree, 14 words nsubj aux punct obj case nmod punct punct appos punct cc punct conj obj punct punct nmod:poss case compound parataxis punct punct root CD NOUN can AUX mean VERB « PUNCT certificate NOUN of ADP deposit NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT money NOUN ) PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT corps VERB diplomatique NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT diplomat NOUN 's PART car NOUN sign NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 CD CD NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 certificate punct 5 certificate certificate NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 deposit case 7 deposit deposit NOUN Number=Sing 5 certificate nmod 8 » » PUNCT _ 5 certificate punct 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 10 money punct 10 money money NOUN Number=Sing 5 certificate appos 11 ) ) PUNCT _ 10 money punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 corps cc 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 corps punct 14 corps corp VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 mean conj 15 diplomatique diplomatique NOUN Number=Sing 14 corps obj 16 » » PUNCT _ 14 corps punct 17 ( ( PUNCT _ 21 sign punct 18 diplomat diplomat NOUN Number=Sing 20 car nmod:poss 19 's 's PART _ 18 diplomat case 20 car car NOUN Number=Sing 21 sign compound 21 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean parataxis 22 ) ) PUNCT _ 21 sign punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can CD certificate of deposit vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent certificate=Topic 2 corp in a quote present CD not said here diplomatique tree rules 3 certificate in a quote deposit nom certificate «communication transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 Grandad still listens to music on CDs.
nsubj advmod case obl case obl punct root Grandad PROPN still ADV listens VERB to ADP music NOUN on ADP CDs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 3 listens nsubj 2 still still ADV _ 3 listens advmod 3 listens listen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 5 music case 5 music music NOUN Number=Sing 3 listens obl 6 on on ADP _ 7 CDs case 7 CDs cd NOUN Number=Plur 3 listens obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 listens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 listen present Grandad CDs still to music vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to music=Theme
Example 2 Put the CD in the player and press play.
det obj case det obl cc compound conj punct root Put VERB the DET CD PROPN in ADP the DET player NOUN and CCONJ press NOUN play NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 CD det 3 CD CD PROPN Number=Sing 1 Put obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 player case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 player det 6 player player NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 play cc 8 press press NOUN Number=Sing 9 play compound 9 play play NOUN Number=Sing 6 player conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here the CD the player and press play vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cd=Theme in player=Destination
Example 3 The CD was scratched, so it kept skipping.
det nsubj aux:pass punct advmod nsubj conj xcomp punct root The DET CD PROPN was AUX scratched VERB , PUNCT so ADV it PRON kept VERB skipping VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 CD det 2 CD CD PROPN Number=Sing 4 scratched nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 scratched aux:pass 4 scratched scratch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 kept punct 6 so so ADV _ 8 kept advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 kept nsubj 8 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 scratched conj 9 skipping skip VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 kept xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 scratched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scratch past · passive the CD vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 keep past CD tree rules 3 skip gerund CD not said here vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 Type «cd Documents» to go into the Documents folder.
compound punct compound punct mark acl case det compound obl punct root Type NOUN « PUNCT cd NOUN Documents NOUN » PUNCT to PART go VERB into ADP the DET Documents PROPN folder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Type type NOUN Number=Sing 4 Documents compound 2 « « PUNCT _ 4 Documents punct 3 cd CD NOUN Number=Sing 4 Documents compound 4 Documents document NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 Documents punct 6 to to PART _ 7 go mark 7 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 Documents acl 8 into into ADP _ 11 folder case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 folder det 10 Documents Document PROPN Number=Plur 11 folder compound 11 folder folder NOUN Number=Sing 7 go obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 Documents punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go to-infinitive the Documents folder vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into folder=Initial_Location
Example 5 Our class made a CD of our songs.
nmod:poss nsubj det obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root Our PRON class NOUN made VERB a DET CD NOUN of ADP our PRON songs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 CD det 5 CD CD NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 songs case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 songs nmod:poss 8 songs song NOUN Number=Plur 5 CD nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Our class a CD of our songs vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cd=Product 2 sing our nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 A CD is read by a laser beam.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det compound obl punct root A DET CD NOUN is AUX read VERB by ADP a DET laser NOUN beam NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 CD det 2 CD CD NOUN Number=Sing 4 read nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 read aux:pass 4 read read VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 8 beam case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 beam det 7 laser laser NOUN Number=Sing 8 beam compound 8 beam beam NOUN Number=Sing 4 read obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read present · passive a laser beam a CD vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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