ce Who acts: Ce, BCE, CE mark, goods, c'est mon chien, chien · What happens: mean, be, sound, not be, stand, use · To what, where: English word, Common Era, European safety rules, French, dog, boy · Speech: someone speaks here
«ce» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ce in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: French — kept apart, not parsed.
«Ce» means «this» or «that» or «it»: «ce livre» = this book, «c'est» = it is. It sounds like «suh» and is not an English word.
Sentence 1: «Ce» means «this» or «that» or «it»: «ce livre» = this book, «c'est» = it is.
The tree, 15 words punct nsubj punct punct nsubj punct cc punct nsubj punct cc punct ccomp punct punct punct compound parataxis punct punct det conj punct punct conj punct punct nsubj conj punct root « PUNCT Ce NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT this PRON » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT that PRON » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT it PRON » PUNCT : PUNCT « PUNCT ce NOUN livre NOUN » PUNCT = SYM this DET book NOUN , PUNCT « PUNCT c'est NOUN » PUNCT = PUNCT it PRON is VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Ce punct 2 Ce ce NOUN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Ce punct 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 this punct 6 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 14 it nsubj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 this punct 8 or or CCONJ _ 14 it cc 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 that punct 10 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 14 it nsubj 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 that punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 it cc 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 it punct 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 means ccomp 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 it punct 16 : : PUNCT _ 19 livre punct 17 « « PUNCT _ 19 livre punct 18 ce ce NOUN Number=Sing 19 livre compound 19 livre livre NOUN Number=Sing 4 means parataxis 20 » » PUNCT _ 19 livre punct 21 = = SYM _ 23 book punct 22 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 23 book det 23 book book NOUN Number=Sing 19 livre conj 24 , , PUNCT _ 26 c'est punct 25 « « PUNCT _ 26 c'est punct 26 c'est c'est NOUN Number=Sing 19 livre conj 27 » » PUNCT _ 19 livre punct 28 = = PUNCT _ 30 is punct 29 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 30 is nsubj 30 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 means conj 31 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Ce vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 be present Ce vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: It sounds like «suh» and is not an English word.
nsubj case punct discourse punct cc cop advmod det amod conj punct root It PRON sounds VERB like ADP « PUNCT suh INTJ » PUNCT and CCONJ is AUX not PART an DET English ADJ word NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 sounds nsubj 2 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 like like ADP _ 5 suh case 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 suh punct 5 suh suh INTJ _ 2 sounds discourse 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 suh punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 12 word cc 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 word cop 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 word advmod 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 word det 11 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 12 word amod 12 word word NOUN Number=Sing 2 sounds conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 sounds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sound present Ce vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 2 not is a present Ce not said here a English word tree rules
Meaning 2 Usage: abbreviation — kept apart, not parsed.
CE stands for «Common Era», used with years instead of AD; BCE means «Before the Common Era».
The tree, 17 words nsubj case punct compound obl punct punct acl case obl case fixed obl punct nsubj parataxis punct case det compound obj punct punct root CE NOUN stands VERB for ADP « PUNCT Common PROPN Era PROPN » PUNCT , PUNCT used VERB with ADP years NOUN instead ADV of ADP AD NOUN ; PUNCT BCE PROPN means VERB « PUNCT Before ADP the DET Common PROPN Era PROPN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 CE ce NOUN Number=Sing 2 stands nsubj 2 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 6 Era case 4 « « PUNCT _ 6 Era punct 5 Common Common PROPN Number=Sing 6 Era compound 6 Era Era PROPN Number=Sing 2 stands obl 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 Era punct 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 used punct 9 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 Era acl 10 with with ADP _ 11 years case 11 years year NOUN Number=Plur 9 used obl 12 instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 14 AD case 13 of of ADP _ 12 instead fixed 14 AD ad NOUN Number=Sing 9 used obl 15 ; ; PUNCT _ 17 means punct 16 BCE BCE PROPN Number=Sing 17 means nsubj 17 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 stands parataxis 18 « « PUNCT _ 22 Era punct 19 Before before ADP _ 22 Era case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 Era det 21 Common Common PROPN Number=Sing 22 Era compound 22 Era Era PROPN Number=Sing 17 means obj 23 » » PUNCT _ 22 Era punct 24 . . PUNCT _ 2 stands punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present CE for Common Era vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for era=Attribute 2 use participle Common Era not said here year instead AD vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 mean present BCE the Common Era vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent era=Topic
Meaning 3 Usage: abbreviation — kept apart, not parsed.
A CE mark on toys and electrical goods shows they meet European safety rules.
The tree, 14 words det compound nsubj case nmod cc amod conj nsubj ccomp amod compound obj punct root A DET CE NOUN mark NOUN on ADP toys NOUN and CCONJ electrical ADJ goods NOUN shows VERB they PRON meet VERB European ADJ safety NOUN rules NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 mark det 2 CE ce NOUN Number=Sing 3 mark compound 3 mark mark NOUN Number=Sing 9 shows nsubj 4 on on ADP _ 5 toys case 5 toys toy NOUN Number=Plur 3 mark nmod 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 goods cc 7 electrical electrical ADJ Degree=Pos 8 goods amod 8 goods goods NOUN Number=Ptan 5 toys conj 9 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 meet nsubj 11 meet meet VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 shows ccomp 12 European European ADJ Degree=Pos 14 rules amod 13 safety safety NOUN Number=Sing 14 rules compound 14 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 11 meet obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 9 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present a CE mark on toys and electrical goods vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 meet present goods European safety rules vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Co-Agent
Example 1 In French, «c'est mon chien» means «it's my dog».
The tree, 10 words case obl punct punct amod compound nsubj punct punct nsubj cop nmod:poss parataxis punct punct root In ADP French PROPN , PUNCT « PUNCT c'est ADJ mon NOUN chien NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT it PRON 's AUX my PRON dog NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 French case 2 French French PROPN Number=Sing 9 means obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 French punct 4 « « PUNCT _ 7 chien punct 5 c'est c' ADJ Degree=Sup 7 chien amod 6 mon mon NOUN Number=Sing 7 chien compound 7 chien chien NOUN Number=Sing 9 means nsubj 8 » » PUNCT _ 7 chien punct 9 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 « « PUNCT _ 14 dog punct 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 dog nsubj 12 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 dog cop 13 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 dog nmod:poss 14 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 9 means parataxis 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 dog punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present c'est mon chien French vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 is a in a quote present chien my dog tree rules
Example 2 «Ce garçon» means «this boy».
punct compound nsubj punct punct det obj punct punct root « PUNCT Ce NOUN garçon NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT this DET boy NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 garçon punct 2 Ce ce NOUN Number=Sing 3 garçon compound 3 garçon garçon NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 garçon punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 « « PUNCT _ 8 boy punct 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 boy det 8 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obj 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 boy punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Ce garçon this boy vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Topic
Example 3 «Qu'est-ce que c'est?» means «What is it?»
The tree, 8 words punct compound punct compound nsubj nsubj punct punct punct ccomp cop nsubj punct punct root « PUNCT Qu'est PROPN - PUNCT ce NOUN que NOUN c'est PRON ? PUNCT » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT What PRON is AUX it PRON ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 que punct 2 Qu'est Qu'est PROPN Number=Sing 4 ce compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 Qu'est punct 4 ce ce NOUN Number=Sing 5 que compound 5 que que NOUN Number=Sing 9 means nsubj 6 c'est c'est PRON _ 5 que nsubj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 que punct 8 » » PUNCT _ 5 que punct 9 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 What punct 11 What what PRON PronType=Int 9 means ccomp 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 it cop 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 What nsubj 14 ? ? PUNCT _ 9 means punct 15 » » PUNCT _ 9 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 que in a quote c'est tree rules 2 mean present ce que vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 is a in a quote present que tree rules
Example 4 The Romans left Britain in the fifth century CE.
det nsubj obj case det amod compound obl punct root The DET Romans PROPN left VERB Britain PROPN in ADP the DET fifth ADJ century NOUN CE NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Romans det 2 Romans Roman PROPN Number=Plur 3 left nsubj 3 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 3 left obj 5 in in ADP _ 9 CE case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 CE det 7 fifth fifth ADJ Degree=Pos 9 CE amod 8 century century NOUN Number=Sing 9 CE compound 9 CE ce NOUN Number=Sing 3 left obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past the Romans Britain the fifth century CE vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent britain=Theme in ce=Location
Example 5 BCE years count down towards year 1 CE.
compound nsubj compound:prt case compound flat obl punct root BCE PROPN years NOUN count VERB down ADP towards ADP year NOUN 1 NUM CE NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 BCE BCE PROPN Number=Sing 2 years compound 2 years year NOUN Number=Plur 3 count nsubj 3 count count VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 down down ADP _ 3 count compound:prt 5 towards towards ADP _ 8 CE case 6 year year NOUN Number=Sing 8 CE compound 7 1 1 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 year flat 8 CE ce NOUN Number=Sing 3 count obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 count punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count down present BCE years towards year CE vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
Example 6 Check the toy box for a CE safety mark.
det compound obj case det compound compound obl punct root Check VERB the DET toy NOUN box NOUN for ADP a DET CE NOUN safety NOUN mark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Check check VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 box det 3 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 4 box compound 4 box box NOUN Number=Sing 1 Check obj 5 for for ADP _ 9 mark case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mark det 7 CE ce NOUN Number=Sing 8 safety compound 8 safety safety NOUN Number=Sing 9 mark compound 9 mark mark NOUN Number=Sing 1 Check obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Check punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check imperative you not said here the toy box for a safety mark vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent box=Theme for mark=Attribute
Example 7 French uses «ce» before a masculine noun and «cette» before a feminine one.
The tree, 13 words nsubj punct obj punct case det amod obl cc punct conj punct case det amod obl punct root French PROPN uses VERB « PUNCT ce NOUN » PUNCT before ADP a DET masculine ADJ noun NOUN and CCONJ « PUNCT cette NOUN » PUNCT before ADP a DET feminine ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 French French PROPN Number=Sing 2 uses nsubj 2 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 ce punct 4 ce ce NOUN Number=Sing 2 uses obj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 ce punct 6 before before ADP _ 9 noun case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 noun det 8 masculine masculine ADJ Degree=Pos 9 noun amod 9 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 2 uses obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 cette cc 11 « « PUNCT _ 12 cette punct 12 cette cette NOUN Number=Sing 9 noun conj 13 » » PUNCT _ 12 cette punct 14 before before ADP _ 17 one case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 one det 16 feminine feminine ADJ Degree=Pos 17 one amod 17 one one NOUN Number=Sing 2 uses obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 uses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present French ce before a masculine noun and cette; before a feminine one vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ce=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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