chant

Who acts: fans, team, We, monks, playground chant, protesters · What happens: repeat, use, sing, say, chant, name · To what, where: phrase, rhythm, simple tune, prayers, words, name · Speech: someone speaks here

«chant» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: chant in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Words or a phrase repeated over and over in a rhythm, often by a crowd.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 phrase	cc
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 phrase	det
4	phrase	phrase	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Words	conj
5	repeated	repeat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 phrase	acl
6	over	over	ADV	_	5 repeated	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 over	cc
8	over	over	ADV	_	6 over	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 rhythm	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 rhythm	det
11	rhythm	rhythm	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 repeated	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 crowd	punct
13	often	often	ADV	_	16 crowd	advmod
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 crowd	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 crowd	det
16	crowd	crowd	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 rhythm	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Words	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	repeat	participle		a phrase not said here		a rhythm and a crowd		over property	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

A simple tune used to sing prayers or psalms, like plainchant or Gregorian chant.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 tune	det
2	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 tune	amod
3	tune	tune	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 tune	acl
5	to	to	PART	_	6 sing	mark
6	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 used	xcomp
7	prayers	prayer	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sing	obj
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 psalms	cc
9	psalms	psalm	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 prayers	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 plainchant	punct
11	like	like	ADP	_	12 plainchant	case
12	plainchant	plainchant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 prayers	conj
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 chant	cc
14	Gregorian	gregorian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 chant	amod
15	chant	chant	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 plainchant	conj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tune	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle		a simple tune not said here					vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	sing speech: express	to-infinitive		prayers or psalms and plainchant or Gregorian chant					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location prayer=Theme

Meaning 3

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To say or sing words again and again in a rhythm.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 say	mark
2	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 sing	cc
4	sing	sing	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 say	conj
5	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sing	obj
6	again	again	ADV	_	4 sing	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 again	cc
8	again	again	ADV	_	6 again	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 rhythm	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 rhythm	det
11	rhythm	rhythm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sing	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	to-infinitive							vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	sing speech: express	infinitive		words		a rhythm	again		vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location word=Theme

Example 1

The fans chanted the team's name.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fans	det
2	fans	fan	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chanted	nsubj
3	chanted	chant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 team	det
5	team	team	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 name	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 team	case
7	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chanted	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 chanted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chant	past	the fans	the team's name					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Topic
2	name		the team						nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 2

We chant our times tables every morning.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 chant	nsubj
2	chant	chant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 times	nmod:poss
4	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 tables	compound
5	tables	table	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 chant	obj
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 morning	det
7	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chant	obl:unmarked
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 chant	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chant	present	We	times tables			morning		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Topic

Example 3

The monks sang a slow chant in the chapel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 monks	det
2	monks	monk	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sang	nsubj
3	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 chant	det
5	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 chant	amod
6	chant	chant	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sang	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 chapel	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 chapel	det
9	chapel	chapel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sang	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sang	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	past	the monks	a slow chant		the chapel			vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location chant=Theme

Example 4

"We want more!" chanted the crowd.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 want	punct
2	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 want	nsubj
3	want	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 chanted	reparandum
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 want	obj
5	!	!	PUNCT	_	3 want	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 want	punct
7	chanted	chant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 crowd	det
9	crowd	crowd	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 chanted	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 chanted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want in a quote	present	We	more					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot more=Theme
2	chant	past		the crowd					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crowd=Topic

Example 5

The playground chant goes "one, two, buckle my shoe".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 chant	det
2	playground	playground	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chant	compound
3	chant	chant	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 goes	nsubj
4	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 one	punct
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 goes	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 two	punct
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 one	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 buckle	punct
10	buckle	buckle	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	4 goes	parataxis
11	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 shoe	nmod:poss
12	shoe	shoe	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 buckle	obj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 buckle	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	the playground chant	one					tree rules
2	buckle in a quote	infinitive		my shoe					vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient

Example 6

The protesters chanted for change.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 protesters	det
2	protesters	protester	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chanted	nsubj
3	chanted	chant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 change	case
5	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chanted	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 chanted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chant	past	the protesters					for change	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for change=Recipient

Example 7

Gregorian chant is very old church music.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gregorian	gregorian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 chant	amod
2	chant	chant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 music	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 music	cop
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 old	advmod
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 music	amod
6	church	church	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 music	compound
7	music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 music	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Gregorian chant	old church music					tree rules

Example 8

The incense rises in clouds, and the monks chant the funeral hymn.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 incense	det
2	incense	incense	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rises	nsubj
3	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 clouds	case
5	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 rises	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 chant	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 chant	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 monks	det
9	monks	monk	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 chant	nsubj
10	chant	chant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 rises	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 hymn	det
12	funeral	funeral	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 hymn	compound
13	hymn	hymn	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 chant	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 rises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rise	present	the incense			clouds			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cloud=Location
2	chant	present	the monks	the funeral hymn					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hymn=Topic

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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