chapped Who acts: Chapped skin, you, hands, Licking, lips, icy wind · What happens: chap, be, crack, make, put, wear · To what, where: Chapped past form, skin crack, way, lips, lip balm, cold
«chapped» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: chapped in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Chapped skin or lips are dry, rough, cracked and sore, usually because of cold wind or dry air.
The tree, 18 words amod nsubj cc conj cop punct conj punct parataxis cc conj punct advmod case fixed amod obl cc amod conj punct root Chapped VERB skin NOUN or CCONJ lips NOUN are AUX dry ADJ , PUNCT rough ADJ , PUNCT cracked VERB and CCONJ sore ADJ , PUNCT usually ADV because ADP of ADP cold ADJ wind NOUN or CCONJ dry ADJ air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 skin amod 2 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 6 dry nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 lips cc 4 lips lip NOUN Number=Plur 2 skin conj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 dry cop 6 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 rough punct 8 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dry conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 cracked punct 10 cracked crack VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 dry parataxis 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 sore cc 12 sore sore ADJ Degree=Pos 10 cracked conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 18 wind punct 14 usually usually ADV _ 18 wind advmod 15 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 18 wind case 16 of of ADP _ 15 because fixed 17 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 18 wind amod 18 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 6 dry obl 19 or or CCONJ _ 21 air cc 20 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 21 air amod 21 air air NOUN Number=Sing 18 wind conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 dry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chap participle tree rules 2 is present Chapped skin or lips because cold wind or dry air; dry property tree rules 3 be Chapped skin or lips not said here tree rules 4 crack participle vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Chapped is the past form of chap: to make skin crack in this way.
The tree, 14 words amod cop det amod case nmod punct mark parataxis compound obj case det obl punct root Chapped VERB is AUX the DET past ADJ form NOUN of ADP chap NOUN : PUNCT to PART make VERB skin NOUN crack NOUN in ADP this DET way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 form amod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 form cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 form det 4 past past ADJ Degree=Pos 5 form amod 5 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 chap case 7 chap chap NOUN Number=Sing 5 form nmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 make punct 9 to to PART _ 10 make mark 10 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 form parataxis 11 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 12 crack compound 12 crack crack NOUN Number=Sing 10 make obj 13 in in ADP _ 15 way case 14 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 15 way det 15 way way NOUN Number=Sing 10 make obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chap participle tree rules 2 is a present the Chapped past form of chap tree rules 3 make to-infinitive skin crack this way vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset crack=Product
Example 1 My lips get chapped in winter.
nmod:poss nsubj aux:pass case obl punct root My PRON lips NOUN get AUX chapped VERB in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 lips nmod:poss 2 lips lip NOUN Number=Plur 4 chapped nsubj 3 get get AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 chapped aux:pass 4 chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 winter case 6 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 4 chapped obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 chapped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chap present · passive My lips winter tree rules
Example 2 Put on some lip balm for your chapped lips.
case det compound obl case nmod:poss amod obl punct root Put VERB on ADP some DET lip NOUN balm NOUN for ADP your PRON chapped VERB lips NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 on on ADP _ 5 balm case 3 some some DET PronType=Ind 5 balm det 4 lip lip NOUN Number=Sing 5 balm compound 5 balm balm NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 6 for for ADP _ 9 lips case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 lips nmod:poss 8 chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 lips amod 9 lips lip NOUN Number=Plur 1 Put obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here some lip balm for your chapped lips vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on balm=Destination 2 chap participle tree rules
Example 3 The farmer's hands were red and chapped from the cold.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop cc conj case det obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN 's PART hands NOUN were AUX red ADJ and CCONJ chapped VERB from ADP the DET cold NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 4 hands nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 farmer case 4 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 6 red nsubj 5 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 red cop 6 red red ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 chapped cc 8 chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 red conj 9 from from ADP _ 11 cold case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 cold det 11 cold cold NOUN Number=Sing 8 chapped obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 red punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the farmer's hands red property tree rules 2 chap participle the farmer's hands not said here the cold tree rules
Example 4 Wear gloves so your hands don't get chapped.
obj mark nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux advmod aux:pass advcl punct root Wear VERB gloves NOUN so SCONJ your PRON hands NOUN do AUX n't PART get AUX chapped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wear wear VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 gloves glove NOUN Number=Plur 1 Wear obj 3 so so SCONJ _ 9 chapped mark 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 hands nmod:poss 5 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 9 chapped nsubj:pass 6 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 chapped aux 7 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 9 chapped advmod 8 get get AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 chapped aux:pass 9 chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Wear advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear imperative you not said here gloves vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent glove=Theme 2 not chap present · passive · do-support your hands tree rules
Example 5 Licking your lips makes them more chapped.
csubj nmod:poss obj obj advmod xcomp punct root Licking VERB your PRON lips NOUN makes VERB them PRON more ADV chapped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Licking lick VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 makes csubj 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 lips nmod:poss 3 lips lip NOUN Number=Plur 1 Licking obj 4 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 makes obj 6 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 7 chapped advmod 7 chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 makes xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lick gerund your lips vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent lip=Source 2 make present Licking lips = lip tree rules 3 chap participle lips = lip not said here tree rules
Example 6 The icy wind chapped our cheeks.
det amod nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET icy ADJ wind NOUN chapped VERB our PRON cheeks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 wind det 2 icy icy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 wind amod 3 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 4 chapped nsubj 4 chapped chap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 cheeks nmod:poss 6 cheeks cheek NOUN Number=Plur 4 chapped obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 chapped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chap past the icy wind our cheeks tree rules
Example 7 Her chapped knuckles stung when she washed her hands.
nmod:poss amod nsubj advmod nsubj conj nmod:poss obj punct root Her PRON chapped VERB knuckles NOUN stung VERB when ADV she PRON washed VERB her PRON hands NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 knuckles nmod:poss 2 chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 knuckles amod 3 knuckles knuckle NOUN Number=Plur 4 stung nsubj 4 stung sting VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 washed advmod 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 washed nsubj 7 washed wash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 stung conj 8 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 hands nmod:poss 9 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 7 washed obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 stung punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chap participle tree rules 2 sting past Her chapped knuckles vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 3 wash past she her hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
Example 8 “Yes, my little man,” Slightly anxiously replied, who had chapped knuckles.
The tree, 11 words punct discourse punct nmod:poss amod punct punct advmod advmod acl punct nsubj aux conj obj punct root “ PUNCT Yes INTJ , PUNCT my PRON little ADJ man NOUN , PUNCT ” PUNCT Slightly ADV anxiously ADV replied VERB , PUNCT who PRON had AUX chapped VERB knuckles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 6 man punct 2 Yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 6 man discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Yes punct 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 man nmod:poss 5 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 man amod 6 man man NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 man punct 8 ” " PUNCT _ 6 man punct 9 Slightly slightly ADV _ 11 replied advmod 10 anxiously anxiously ADV _ 11 replied advmod 11 replied reply VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 man acl 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 chapped punct 13 who who PRON PronType=Rel 15 chapped nsubj 14 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 15 chapped aux 15 chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 6 man conj 16 knuckles knuckle NOUN Number=Plur 15 chapped obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 man punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 reply speech: assert participle my little man not said here anxiously, slightly property vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 chap past · perfect my little man knuckles tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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