cheerful Who acts: cheerful person, cheerful place, you, She, classroom, He · What happens: be, show, make, feel, give, sing · To what, where: person, you, cheerful smile, me, cheerful song, bus
«cheerful» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cheerful in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A cheerful person is happy and in a good mood, and shows it with smiles and a friendly manner.
The tree, 19 words det amod nsubj cop cc case det amod conj punct cc conj obj case obl cc det amod conj punct root A DET cheerful ADJ person NOUN is AUX happy ADJ and CCONJ in ADP a DET good ADJ mood NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ shows VERB it PRON with ADP smiles NOUN and CCONJ a DET friendly ADJ manner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 person det 2 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 3 person amod 3 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 happy nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 happy cop 5 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 and and CCONJ _ 10 mood cc 7 in in ADP _ 10 mood case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 mood det 9 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 10 mood amod 10 mood mood NOUN Number=Sing 5 happy conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 shows punct 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 shows cc 13 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 happy conj 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 shows obj 15 with with ADP _ 16 smiles case 16 smiles smile NOUN Number=Plur 13 shows obl 17 and and CCONJ _ 20 manner cc 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 manner det 19 friendly friendly ADJ Degree=Pos 20 manner amod 20 manner manner NOUN Number=Sing 16 smiles conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 happy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a cheerful person happy property tree rules 2 show present a cheerful person not said here person with smiles and a friendly manner vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A cheerful place, colour or song is bright and pleasant and makes you feel happy.
The tree, 15 words det amod nsubj punct conj cc conj cop cc conj cc conj obj xcomp xcomp punct root A DET cheerful ADJ place NOUN , PUNCT colour NOUN or CCONJ song NOUN is AUX bright ADJ and CCONJ pleasant ADJ and CCONJ makes VERB you PRON feel VERB happy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 place det 2 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 3 place amod 3 place place NOUN Number=Sing 9 bright nsubj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 colour punct 5 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 3 place conj 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 song cc 7 song song NOUN Number=Sing 3 place conj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 bright cop 9 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos root root 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 pleasant cc 11 pleasant pleasant ADJ Degree=Pos 9 bright conj 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 makes cc 13 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 bright conj 14 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 13 makes obj 15 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 makes xcomp 16 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 15 feel xcomp 17 . . PUNCT _ 9 bright punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a cheerful place and colour or song bright property tree rules 2 be a cheerful place and colour or song not said here tree rules 3 make present a cheerful place and colour or song not said here you tree rules 4 feel infinitive you not said here happy property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 1 She gave me a cheerful smile.
nsubj iobj det amod obj punct root She PRON gave VERB me PRON a DET cheerful ADJ smile NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 gave iobj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 smile det 5 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 6 smile amod 6 smile smile NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past She a cheerful smile me vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient smile=Theme
Example 2 The classroom was bright and cheerful.
det nsubj cop cc conj punct root The DET classroom NOUN was AUX bright ADJ and CCONJ cheerful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 classroom det 2 classroom classroom NOUN Number=Sing 4 bright nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 bright cop 4 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 cheerful cc 6 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 4 bright conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 bright punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the classroom bright property tree rules 2 be the classroom not said here tree rules
Example 3 He is always cheerful in the morning.
nsubj cop advmod case det obl punct root He PRON is AUX always ADV cheerful ADJ in ADP the DET morning NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 cheerful nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 cheerful cop 3 always always ADV PronType=Tot 4 cheerful advmod 4 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 morning case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 morning det 7 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 4 cheerful obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 cheerful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present He morning always, cheerful property tree rules
Example 4 We sang a cheerful song on the bus.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root We PRON sang VERB a DET cheerful ADJ song NOUN on ADP the DET bus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sang nsubj 2 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 song det 4 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 5 song amod 5 song song NOUN Number=Sing 2 sang obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 bus case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bus det 8 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 2 sang obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 sang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express past We a cheerful song the bus vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
Example 5 The cheerful postman waved to everyone.
det amod nsubj case obl punct root The DET cheerful ADJ postman NOUN waved VERB to ADP everyone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 postman det 2 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 3 postman amod 3 postman postman NOUN Number=Sing 4 waved nsubj 4 waved wave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to ADP _ 6 everyone case 6 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 4 waved obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 waved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wave past the cheerful postman everyone vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to everyone=Recipient
Example 6 Yellow and orange are cheerful colours.
amod cc conj cop amod punct root Yellow ADJ and CCONJ orange ADJ are AUX cheerful ADJ colours NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 6 colours amod 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 orange cc 3 orange orange ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Yellow conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 colours cop 5 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 6 colours amod 6 colours colour NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 colours punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Yellow cheerful colours tree rules
Example 7 Even when it rained, Grandma stayed cheerful.
advmod advmod nsubj advcl punct nsubj xcomp punct root Even ADV when ADV it PRON rained VERB , PUNCT Grandma PROPN stayed VERB cheerful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Even even ADV _ 4 rained advmod 2 when when ADV PronType=Int 4 rained advmod 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 rained nsubj 4 rained rain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 stayed advcl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 rained punct 6 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 7 stayed nsubj 7 stayed stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stayed xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 stayed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rain past it vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» 2 stay past Grandma cheerful property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 A cheerful «hello» can make someone's day.
det nsubj punct parataxis punct aux nmod:poss case obj punct root A DET cheerful ADJ « PUNCT hello INTJ » PUNCT can AUX make VERB someone PRON 's PART day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cheerful det 2 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 7 make nsubj 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 hello punct 4 hello hello INTJ _ 2 cheerful parataxis 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 hello punct 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 make aux 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 day nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 someone case 10 day day NOUN Number=Sing 7 make obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make can a cheerful day vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Example 9 He was so brave and cheerful.
nsubj cop advmod cc conj punct root He PRON was AUX so ADV brave ADJ and CCONJ cheerful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 brave nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 brave cop 3 so so ADV _ 4 brave advmod 4 brave brave ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 cheerful cc 6 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 4 brave conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 brave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past He brave property tree rules 2 be He not said here tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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