cheetah Who acts: cheetah, fastest land animal, Cheetahs, black tear lines, long tail, Mum · What happens: be, spot, run, have, sprint, get · To what, where: big cat, Africa, Iran, main road, black tear lines, eyes
«cheetah» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cheetah in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A cheetah is a slim, spotted big cat from Africa (and a few in Iran) and the fastest land animal, able to run as fast as a car on a main road for a short burst.
The tree, 36 words det nsubj cop det punct conj amod obj case obl punct cc det conj case nmod punct cc det amod compound nsubj punct conj mark xcomp advmod advmod case det obl case det amod obl case det amod nmod punct root A DET cheetah NOUN is AUX a DET slim ADJ , PUNCT spotted VERB big ADJ cat NOUN from ADP Africa PROPN ( PUNCT and CCONJ a DET few ADJ in ADP Iran PROPN ) PUNCT and CCONJ the DET fastest ADJ land NOUN animal NOUN , PUNCT able ADJ to PART run VERB as ADV fast ADV as ADP a DET car NOUN on ADP a DET main ADJ road NOUN for ADP a DET short ADJ burst NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cheetah det 2 cheetah cheetah NOUN Number=Sing 5 slim nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 slim cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 slim det 5 slim slim ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 spotted punct 7 spotted spot VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 slim conj 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 cat amod 9 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 7 spotted obj 10 from from ADP _ 11 Africa case 11 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 7 spotted obl 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 few punct 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 few cc 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 few det 15 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 5 slim conj 16 in in ADP _ 17 Iran case 17 Iran Iran PROPN Number=Sing 15 few nmod 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 few punct 19 and and CCONJ _ 25 able cc 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 animal det 21 fastest fast ADJ Degree=Sup 23 animal amod 22 land land NOUN Number=Sing 23 animal compound 23 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 25 able nsubj 24 , , PUNCT _ 25 able punct 25 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 5 slim conj 26 to to PART _ 27 run mark 27 run run VERB VerbForm=Inf 25 able xcomp 28 as as ADV _ 29 fast advmod 29 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 27 run advmod 30 as as ADP _ 32 car case 31 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 32 car det 32 car car NOUN Number=Sing 29 fast obl 33 on on ADP _ 36 road case 34 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 36 road det 35 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 36 road amod 36 road road NOUN Number=Sing 27 run obl 37 for for ADP _ 40 burst case 38 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 40 burst det 39 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 40 burst amod 40 burst burst NOUN Number=Sing 36 road nmod 41 . . PUNCT _ 5 slim punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a cheetah slim property tree rules 2 spot participle a cheetah not said here big cat Africa vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cat=Destination 3 be a cheetah not said here Iran tree rules 4 be the fastest land animal tree rules 5 run to-infinitive the fastest land animal not said here a main road for a short burst fast property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on road=Trajectory
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Cheetahs have black «tear lines» running from their eyes to their mouth.
The tree, 12 words nsubj amod punct compound obj punct acl case nmod:poss obl case nmod:poss obl punct root Cheetahs NOUN have VERB black ADJ « PUNCT tear NOUN lines NOUN » PUNCT running VERB from ADP their PRON eyes NOUN to ADP their PRON mouth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cheetahs cheetah NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 6 lines amod 4 « « PUNCT _ 6 lines punct 5 tear tear NOUN Number=Sing 6 lines compound 6 lines line NOUN Number=Plur 2 have obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 lines punct 8 running run VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 lines acl 9 from from ADP _ 11 eyes case 10 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 eyes nmod:poss 11 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 8 running obl 12 to to ADP _ 14 mouth case 13 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 mouth nmod:poss 14 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 8 running obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Cheetahs black tear lines vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Patient 2 run gerund black tear lines not said here Cheetahs's eyes to Cheetahs's mouth result vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to mouth=Result
Example 1 The cheetah is the fastest land animal.
det nsubj cop det amod compound punct root The DET cheetah NOUN is AUX the DET fastest ADJ land NOUN animal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cheetah det 2 cheetah cheetah NOUN Number=Sing 7 animal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 animal cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 animal det 5 fastest fast ADJ Degree=Sup 7 animal amod 6 land land NOUN Number=Sing 7 animal compound 7 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the cheetah the fastest land animal tree rules
Example 2 A cheetah can only sprint for a short time before it gets tired.
det nsubj aux advmod case det amod obl mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct root A DET cheetah NOUN can AUX only ADV sprint VERB for ADP a DET short ADJ time NOUN before SCONJ it PRON gets VERB tired ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cheetah det 2 cheetah cheetah NOUN Number=Sing 5 sprint nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 sprint aux 4 only only ADV _ 5 sprint advmod 5 sprint sprint VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 for for ADP _ 9 time case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 time det 8 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 9 time amod 9 time time NOUN Number=Sing 5 sprint obl 10 before before SCONJ _ 12 gets mark 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 gets nsubj 12 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sprint advcl 13 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 12 gets xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 sprint punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sprint can a cheetah time vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 get present cheetah tired property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 The cheetah chased a gazelle across the plain.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET cheetah NOUN chased VERB a DET gazelle NOUN across ADP the DET plain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cheetah det 2 cheetah cheetah NOUN Number=Sing 3 chased nsubj 3 chased chase VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 gazelle det 5 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 3 chased obj 6 across across ADP _ 8 plain case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 plain det 8 plain plain NOUN Number=Sing 3 chased obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 chased punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase past the cheetah a gazelle the plain vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent gazelle=Theme across plain=Trajectory
Example 4 Cheetahs have black tear marks on their faces.
nsubj amod compound obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root Cheetahs NOUN have VERB black ADJ tear NOUN marks NOUN on ADP their PRON faces NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cheetahs cheetah NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 5 marks amod 4 tear tear NOUN Number=Sing 5 marks compound 5 marks mark NOUN Number=Plur 2 have obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 faces case 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 faces nmod:poss 8 faces face NOUN Number=Plur 5 marks nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Cheetahs black tear marks Cheetahs's faces vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Patient
Example 5 Its long tail helps the cheetah turn quickly.
nmod:poss amod nsubj det obj xcomp advmod punct root Its PRON long ADJ tail NOUN helps VERB the DET cheetah NOUN turn VERB quickly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 tail nmod:poss 2 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tail amod 3 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 4 helps nsubj 4 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cheetah det 6 cheetah cheetah NOUN Number=Sing 4 helps obj 7 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 helps xcomp 8 quickly quickly ADV _ 7 turn advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Its long tail the cheetah vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent cheetah=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 turn infinitive the cheetah not said here quickly property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Cheetahs purr like house cats but cannot roar.
nsubj case compound obl cc aux advmod conj punct root Cheetahs NOUN purr VERB like ADP house NOUN cats NOUN but CCONJ can AUX not PART roar VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cheetahs cheetah NOUN Number=Plur 2 purr nsubj 2 purr purr VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 like like ADP _ 5 cats case 4 house house NOUN Number=Sing 5 cats compound 5 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 2 purr obl 6 but but CCONJ _ 9 roar cc 7 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 roar aux 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 roar advmod 9 roar roar VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 purr conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 purr punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 purr present Cheetahs like house cats vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not roar can Cheetahs not said here vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Mum drives at about the speed a cheetah can run.
nsubj case advmod det obl det nsubj aux acl:relcl punct root Mum NOUN drives VERB at ADP about ADV the DET speed NOUN a DET cheetah NOUN can AUX run VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 drives nsubj 2 drives drive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 6 speed case 4 about about ADV _ 6 speed advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 speed det 6 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 2 drives obl 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 cheetah det 8 cheetah cheetah NOUN Number=Sing 10 run nsubj 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 run aux 10 run run VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 speed acl:relcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 drives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drive present Mum the speed vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent 2 run can a cheetah the speed not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme speed=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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