chisel

Who acts: He, his, Chiselled, carpenter, Michelangelo, you · What happens: use, cut, shape, carve, chisell, name · To what, where: tool, wood, name, stone, face, someone

«chisel» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: chisel in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A tool with a flat, sharp metal end, used with a hammer or mallet to cut or shape wood, stone or metal.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tool	det
2	tool	tool	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	9 end	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 end	det
5	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 end	amod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 flat	punct
7	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 end	amod
8	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 end	compound
9	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tool	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 used	punct
11	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 tool	acl
12	with	with	ADP	_	14 hammer	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 hammer	det
14	hammer	hammer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 used	obl
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 mallet	cc
16	mallet	mallet	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 hammer	conj
17	to	to	PART	_	18 cut	mark
18	cut	cut	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 mallet	acl
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 shape	cc
20	shape	shape	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 cut	conj
21	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 shape	obj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 stone	punct
23	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 wood	conj
24	or	or	CCONJ	_	25 metal	cc
25	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 wood	conj
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tool	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	use	participle	a tool with a flat sharp metal end not said here	with a hammer or mallet	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	cut	to-infinitive			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	shape	infinitive	wood and stone or metal		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wood=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To cut or carve with a chisel: «He chiselled his name into the stone.».

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 cut	mark
2	cut	cut	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 carve	cc
4	carve	carve	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	conj
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 chisel	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 chisel	det
7	chisel	chisel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 carve	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 chiselled	punct
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 chiselled	punct
10	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 chiselled	nsubj
11	chiselled	chisell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	advcl
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 name	nmod:poss
13	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 chiselled	obj
14	into	into	ADP	_	16 stone	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 stone	det
16	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 chiselled	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cut	punct
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 cut	punct
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cut	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cut	to-infinitive					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	carve	infinitive				with a chisel	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	chisell in a quote	past	He	his name	the stone		tree rules
4	name in a quote		his = he				nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Meaning 3

Usage: adjective form — kept apart, not parsed.

«Chiselled» features means a face with sharp, clear lines.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Chiselled	punct
2	Chiselled	Chiselled	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Chiselled	punct
4	features	feature	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 Chiselled	conj
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 face	det
7	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	12 lines	case
9	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 lines	amod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 sharp	punct
11	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 lines	amod
12	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 face	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Chiselled and features	a face				with sharp clear lines	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Topic

Meaning 4

Usage: old slang, US — kept apart, not parsed.

To cheat someone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 cheat	mark
2	cheat	cheat	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 cheat	obj
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cheat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cheat	to-infinitive		someone					vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Source

Example 1

The carpenter used a chisel to make a groove.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 carpenter	det
2	carpenter	carpenter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 used	nsubj
3	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 chisel	det
5	chisel	chisel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 used	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 make	mark
7	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 used	advcl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 groove	det
9	groove	groove	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 make	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	the carpenter	a chisel					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chisel=Patient
2	make	to-infinitive	the carpenter not said here	a groove					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset groove=Product

Example 2

Michelangelo carved marble with a chisel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Michelangelo	Michelangelo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 carved	nsubj
2	carved	carve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	marble	marble	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 carved	obj
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 chisel	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 chisel	det
6	chisel	chisel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 marble	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 carved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carve	past	Michelangelo	marble				with a chisel	vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent marble=Patient with chisel=Instrument

Example 3

Always cut away from your body with a chisel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	2 cut	advmod
2	cut	cut	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	away	away	ADV	_	2 cut	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 body	case
5	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 body	nmod:poss
6	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cut	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 chisel	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 chisel	det
9	chisel	chisel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cut	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cut	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cut away	imperative	you not said here			your body		with a chisel; always, away property	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source PP.instrument»: agent=Agent from body=Source with chisel=Instrument

Example 4

They chiselled the names into the war memorial.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 chiselled	nsubj
2	chiselled	chisell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 names	det
4	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 chiselled	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	8 memorial	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 memorial	det
7	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 memorial	compound
8	memorial	memorial	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chiselled	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 chiselled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chisell	past	They	the names		the war memorial			tree rules

Example 5

The stonemason tapped the chisel with a mallet.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 stonemason	det
2	stonemason	stonemason	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tapped	nsubj
3	tapped	tap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 chisel	det
5	chisel	chisel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tapped	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 mallet	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 mallet	det
8	mallet	mallet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tapped	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tapped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tap	past	the stonemason	the chisel				with a mallet	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent chisel=Patient with mallet=Instrument

Example 6

The hero had a chiselled jaw.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hero	det
2	hero	hero	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 jaw	det
5	chiselled	chisell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 jaw	amod
6	jaw	jaw	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the hero	a chiselled jaw					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jaw=Patient
2	chisell	participle							tree rules

Example 7

Sometimes he would make a little statue of soft clay; sometimes he would take hammer and chisel, and try to cut a statue from a piece of rock.

The tree, 28 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 make	advmod
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 make	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 make	aux
4	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 statue	det
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 statue	amod
7	statue	statue	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 make	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 clay	case
9	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 clay	amod
10	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 statue	nmod
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 take	punct
12	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	15 take	advmod
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 take	nsubj
14	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 take	aux
15	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 make	parataxis
16	hammer	hammer	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 take	obj
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 chisel	cc
18	chisel	chisel	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 hammer	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 try	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 try	cc
21	try	try	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 take	conj
22	to	to	PART	_	23 cut	mark
23	cut	cut	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 try	xcomp
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 statue	det
25	statue	statue	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 cut	obj
26	from	from	ADP	_	28 piece	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 piece	det
28	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 cut	obl
29	of	of	ADP	_	30 rock	case
30	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 piece	nmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	would	he	a little statue of soft clay		sometimes property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statue=Product
2	take	would	he	hammer and chisel		sometimes property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hammer=Theme
3	try	infinitive	he not said here				vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	cut not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here	a statue	a piece of rock		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset statue=Product from piece=Material

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/chisel/