chop Who acts: tree, chop, Dad, you, They, We · What happens: chop, mean, cut, chop down, fall, be · To what, where: something, pieces, tree, thick slice, quick hard hit, mouthful · Speech: someone speaks here
«chop» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: chop in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To chop means to cut something into pieces with a knife or an axe.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj mark xcomp obj case obl case det obl cc det conj punct root To PART chop VERB means VERB to PART cut VERB something PRON into ADP pieces NOUN with ADP a DET knife NOUN or CCONJ an DET axe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 chop mark 2 chop chop VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 cut mark 5 cut cut VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 cut obj 7 into into ADP _ 8 pieces case 8 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 5 cut obl 9 with with ADP _ 11 knife case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 knife det 11 knife knife NOUN Number=Sing 5 cut obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 axe cc 13 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 axe det 14 axe axe NOUN Number=Sing 11 knife conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop to-infinitive vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 cut not said to happen to-infinitive something into pieces result ; with a knife or a axe vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Agent something=Patient into piece=Result with knife=Instrument
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To chop down a tree means to cut it so it falls.
mark csubj compound:prt det obj mark xcomp obj advmod nsubj advcl punct root To PART chop VERB down ADP a DET tree NOUN means VERB to PART cut VERB it PRON so ADV it PRON falls VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 chop mark 2 chop chop VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means csubj 3 down down ADP _ 2 chop compound:prt 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 tree det 5 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 chop obj 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 cut mark 8 cut cut VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means xcomp 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 cut obj 10 so so ADV _ 12 falls advmod 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 falls nsubj 12 falls fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 cut advcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop down to-infinitive a tree vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 cut not said to happen to-infinitive tree vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 4 fall present tree vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 A chop is a thick slice of meat with a bone, such as a pork or lamb chop.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det amod case nmod case det nmod punct case fixed det nsubj cc conj conj punct root A DET chop NOUN is AUX a DET thick ADJ slice NOUN of ADP meat NOUN with ADP a DET bone NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET pork NOUN or CCONJ lamb NOUN chop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 chop det 2 chop chop NOUN Number=Sing 6 slice nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 slice cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 slice det 5 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 6 slice amod 6 slice slice NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 meat case 8 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 6 slice nmod 9 with with ADP _ 11 bone case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 bone det 11 bone bone NOUN Number=Sing 6 slice nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 19 chop punct 13 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 19 chop case 14 as as ADP _ 13 such fixed 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 pork det 16 pork pork NOUN Number=Sing 19 chop nsubj 17 or or CCONJ _ 18 lamb cc 18 lamb lamb NOUN Number=Sing 16 pork conj 19 chop chop NOUN Number=Sing 11 bone conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 slice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a chop a thick slice of meat; with a bone and chop tree rules
Meaning 4 A chop is a quick hard hit or cut, like a karate chop.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop det amod amod cc conj punct case det amod conj punct root A DET chop NOUN is AUX a DET quick ADJ hard ADJ hit NOUN or CCONJ cut NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET karate ADJ chop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 chop det 2 chop chop NOUN Number=Sing 7 hit nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 hit cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 hit det 5 quick quick ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hit amod 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hit amod 7 hit hit NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 cut cc 9 cut cut NOUN Number=Sing 7 hit conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 chop punct 11 like like ADP _ 14 chop case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 chop det 13 karate karate ADJ Degree=Pos 14 chop amod 14 chop chop NOUN Number=Sing 7 hit conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a chop a quick hard hit or cut and a karate chop tree rules
Meaning 5 To chop something up at a mouthful means to swallow it in one big bite.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj obj compound:prt case det obl mark xcomp obj case nummod amod obl punct root To PART chop VERB something PRON up ADP at ADP a DET mouthful NOUN means VERB to PART swallow VERB it PRON in ADP one NUM big ADJ bite NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 chop mark 2 chop chop VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 chop obj 4 up up ADP _ 2 chop compound:prt 5 at at ADP _ 7 mouthful case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 mouthful det 7 mouthful mouthful NOUN Number=Sing 2 chop obl 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 to to PART _ 10 swallow mark 10 swallow swallow VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 means xcomp 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 swallow obj 12 in in ADP _ 15 bite case 13 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 bite nummod 14 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 15 bite amod 15 bite bite NOUN Number=Sing 10 swallow obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop up to-infinitive something a mouthful vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent something=Patient at mouthful=Location 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 swallow not said to happen to-infinitive mouthful one big bite vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Example 1 Dad chopped the carrots into small pieces.
nsubj det obj case amod obl punct root Dad NOUN chopped VERB the DET carrots NOUN into ADP small ADJ pieces NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 chopped nsubj 2 chopped chop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 carrots det 4 carrots carrot NOUN Number=Plur 2 chopped obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 pieces case 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pieces amod 7 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 2 chopped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 chopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop past Dad the carrots into small pieces result vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent carrot=Patient into piece=Result
Example 2 Please chop the onions for the soup.
discourse det obj case det obl punct root Please INTJ chop VERB the DET onions NOUN for ADP the DET soup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 chop discourse 2 chop chop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 onions det 4 onions onion NOUN Number=Plur 2 chop obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 soup case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 soup det 7 soup soup NOUN Number=Sing 2 chop obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 chop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop imperative you not said here the onions for the soup vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent onion=Patient
Example 3 They chopped down the dead tree.
nsubj compound:prt det amod obj punct root They PRON chopped VERB down ADP the DET dead ADJ tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 chopped nsubj 2 chopped chop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 down down ADP _ 2 chopped compound:prt 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 tree det 5 dead dead ADJ Degree=Pos 6 tree amod 6 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 chopped obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 chopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop down past They the dead tree vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient
Example 4 We had lamb chops for dinner.
nsubj compound obj case obl punct root We PRON had VERB lamb NOUN chops NOUN for ADP dinner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 lamb lamb NOUN Number=Sing 4 chops compound 4 chops chop NOUN Number=Plur 2 had obj 5 for for ADP _ 6 dinner case 6 dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We lamb chops for dinner vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chop=Patient
Example 5 Use a chopping board, not the table.
det compound obj punct advmod det conj punct root Use VERB a DET chopping NOUN board NOUN , PUNCT not PART the DET table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 board det 3 chopping chopping NOUN Number=Sing 4 board compound 4 board board NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 table punct 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 table advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 table det 8 table table NOUN Number=Sing 4 board conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here a chopping board and the table vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent board=Patient
Example 6 He broke the board with a karate chop.
nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root He PRON broke VERB the DET board NOUN with ADP a DET karate ADJ chop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 broke nsubj 2 broke break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 board det 4 board board NOUN Number=Sing 2 broke obj 5 with with ADP _ 8 chop case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 chop det 7 karate karate ADJ Degree=Pos 8 chop amod 8 chop chop NOUN Number=Sing 2 broke obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 broke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break past He the board with a karate chop vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent board=Patient with chop=Instrument
Example 7 Keep your fingers away when you chop.
nmod:poss obj advmod advmod nsubj advcl punct root Keep VERB your PRON fingers NOUN away ADV when ADV you PRON chop VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 fingers nmod:poss 3 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur 1 Keep obj 4 away away ADV _ 1 Keep advmod 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 chop advmod 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 chop nsubj 7 chop chop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Keep advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep away imperative you not said here your fingers away property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Theme 2 chop present you vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 8 The logs were chopped for the campfire.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET logs NOUN were AUX chopped VERB for ADP the DET campfire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 logs det 2 logs log NOUN Number=Plur 4 chopped nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 chopped aux:pass 4 chopped chop VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 for for ADP _ 7 campfire case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 campfire det 7 campfire campfire NOUN Number=Sing 4 chopped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 chopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop past · passive the logs for the campfire vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 9 He'll certainly chop us up at a mouthful.
nsubj aux advmod obj compound:prt case det obl punct root He PRON 'll AUX certainly ADV chop VERB us PRON up ADP at ADP a DET mouthful NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 chop nsubj 2 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 chop aux 3 certainly certainly ADV _ 4 chop advmod 4 chop chop VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 chop obj 6 up up ADP _ 4 chop compound:prt 7 at at ADP _ 9 mouthful case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mouthful det 9 mouthful mouthful NOUN Number=Sing 4 chop obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 chop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chop up future He us a mouthful certainly property vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent we=Patient at mouthful=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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