churchyard Who acts: old yew tree, We, children, Snowdrops · What happens: bury, stand, read, walk, cover, grow · To what, where: people, churchyard, names, gravestones, great grandparents, village churchyard
«churchyard» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: churchyard in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The land around a church, often with a graveyard where people are buried.
The tree, 13 words det case det nmod punct advmod case det appos advmod nsubj aux:pass acl:relcl punct root The DET land NOUN around ADP a DET church NOUN , PUNCT often ADV with ADP a DET graveyard NOUN where ADV people NOUN are AUX buried VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 land det 2 land land NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 around around ADP _ 5 church case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 church det 5 church church NOUN Number=Sing 2 land nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 graveyard punct 7 often often ADV _ 10 graveyard advmod 8 with with ADP _ 10 graveyard case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 graveyard det 10 graveyard graveyard NOUN Number=Sing 2 land appos 11 where where ADV PronType=Rel 14 buried advmod 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 14 buried nsubj 13 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 buried aux:pass 14 buried bury VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 graveyard acl:relcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 land punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bury present · passive people vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: in stories — kept apart, not parsed.
A quiet, sometimes spooky place with gravestones, trees and old walls.
det amod punct advmod amod case nmod punct conj cc amod conj punct root A DET quiet ADJ , PUNCT sometimes ADV spooky ADJ place NOUN with ADP gravestones NOUN , PUNCT trees NOUN and CCONJ old ADJ walls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 place det 2 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 6 place amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 place punct 4 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 6 place advmod 5 spooky spooky ADJ Degree=Pos 6 place amod 6 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 with with ADP _ 8 gravestones case 8 gravestones gravestone NOUN Number=Plur 6 place nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 trees punct 10 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 8 gravestones conj 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 walls cc 12 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 13 walls amod 13 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 8 gravestones conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 place punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 The old yew tree stands in the churchyard.
det amod compound nsubj case det obl punct root The DET old ADJ yew NOUN tree NOUN stands VERB in ADP the DET churchyard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 tree det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 tree amod 3 yew yew NOUN Number=Sing 4 tree compound 4 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 5 stands nsubj 5 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 churchyard case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 churchyard det 8 churchyard churchyard NOUN Number=Sing 5 stands obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 stands punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present the old yew tree the churchyard vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in churchyard=Location
Example 2 We read the names on the gravestones in the churchyard.
nsubj det obj case det nmod case det nmod punct root We PRON read VERB the DET names NOUN on ADP the DET gravestones NOUN in ADP the DET churchyard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 names det 4 names name NOUN Number=Plur 2 read obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 gravestones case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 gravestones det 7 gravestones gravestone NOUN Number=Plur 4 names nmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 churchyard case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 churchyard det 10 churchyard churchyard NOUN Number=Sing 7 gravestones nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past We the names the gravestones in the churchyard vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Topic
Example 3 My great-grandparents are buried in the village churchyard.
nmod:poss amod punct nsubj:pass aux:pass case det compound obl punct root My PRON great ADJ - PUNCT grandparents NOUN are AUX buried VERB in ADP the DET village NOUN churchyard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 grandparents nmod:poss 2 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 4 grandparents amod 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 great punct 4 grandparents grandparent NOUN Number=Plur 6 buried nsubj:pass 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 buried aux:pass 6 buried bury VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 in in ADP _ 10 churchyard case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 churchyard det 9 village village NOUN Number=Sing 10 churchyard compound 10 churchyard churchyard NOUN Number=Sing 6 buried obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 buried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bury present · passive My great grandparents the village churchyard vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in churchyard=Destination
Example 4 The children walked past the dark churchyard at night.
det nsubj case det amod obl case obl punct root The DET children NOUN walked VERB past ADP the DET dark ADJ churchyard NOUN at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 children det 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 walked nsubj 3 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 past past ADP _ 7 churchyard case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 churchyard det 6 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 7 churchyard amod 7 churchyard churchyard NOUN Number=Sing 3 walked obl 8 at at ADP _ 9 night case 9 night night NOUN Number=Sing 3 walked obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past the children the dark churchyard night vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past churchyard=Trajectory
Example 5 The churchyard wall is covered in moss.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET churchyard NOUN wall NOUN is AUX covered VERB in ADP moss NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 wall det 2 churchyard churchyard NOUN Number=Sing 3 wall compound 3 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 covered aux:pass 5 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 moss case 7 moss moss NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present · passive the churchyard wall in moss vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in moss=Theme
Example 6 Snowdrops grow in the churchyard in winter.
nsubj case det obl case obl punct root Snowdrops NOUN grow VERB in ADP the DET churchyard NOUN in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Snowdrops snowdrop NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow nsubj 2 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 churchyard case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 churchyard det 5 churchyard churchyard NOUN Number=Sing 2 grow obl 6 in in ADP _ 7 winter case 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 grow obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Snowdrops the churchyard winter vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in churchyard=Location
Example 7 Now we are in the churchyard.
advmod nsubj cop case det punct root Now ADV we PRON are AUX in ADP the DET churchyard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Now now ADV PronType=Dem 6 churchyard advmod 2 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 churchyard nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 churchyard cop 4 in in ADP _ 6 churchyard case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 churchyard det 6 churchyard churchyard NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 churchyard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present we the churchyard now tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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