circle Who acts: circle, point, plane, one full round, 6 children, you · What happens: be, arrange, circle, end, begin, stand · To what, where: round flat shape, same distance, middle, group, ring, something · Speech: someone speaks here
«circle» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: circle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A circle is a round flat shape. Every point on its edge is the same distance from the middle (the centre).
Sentence 1: A circle is a round flat shape.
det nsubj cop det amod amod punct root A DET circle NOUN is AUX a DET round ADJ flat ADJ shape NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 circle det 2 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 7 shape nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 shape cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 shape det 5 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 7 shape amod 6 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 7 shape amod 7 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 shape punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a circle a round flat shape tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Every point on its edge is the same distance from the middle (the centre).
The tree, 14 words det nsubj case nmod:poss nmod cop det amod case det nmod punct det appos punct punct root Every DET point NOUN on ADP its PRON edge NOUN is AUX the DET same ADJ distance NOUN from ADP the DET middle NOUN ( PUNCT the DET centre NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 point det 2 point point NOUN Number=Sing 9 distance nsubj 3 on on ADP _ 5 edge case 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 edge nmod:poss 5 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 2 point nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 distance cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 distance det 8 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 9 distance amod 9 distance distance NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 from from ADP _ 12 middle case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 middle det 12 middle middle NOUN Number=Sing 9 distance nmod 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 centre punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 centre det 15 centre centre NOUN Number=Sing 12 middle appos 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 centre punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 9 distance punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present every point on point's edge the same distance the middle tree rules
Meaning 2 A circle of people or things is a group arranged in a ring.
det nsubj case nmod cc conj cop det acl case det obl punct root A DET circle NOUN of ADP people NOUN or CCONJ things NOUN is AUX a DET group NOUN arranged VERB in ADP a DET ring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 circle det 2 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 9 group nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 people case 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 circle nmod 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 things cc 6 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 4 people conj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 group cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 group det 9 group group NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 arranged arrange VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 group acl 11 in in ADP _ 13 ring case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 ring det 13 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 10 arranged obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 9 group punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a circle of people or things a group tree rules 2 arrange participle a group not said here a ring vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in ring=Destination
Meaning 3 To circle something is to draw a ring around it: «circle the answer».
The tree, 13 words mark advcl obj cop mark det obj case obl punct punct conj det obj punct punct root To PART circle VERB something PRON is AUX to PART draw VERB a DET ring NOUN around ADP it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT circle VERB the DET answer NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 circle mark 2 circle circle VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 draw advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 circle obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 draw cop 5 to to PART _ 6 draw mark 6 draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 ring det 8 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 6 draw obj 9 around around ADP _ 10 it case 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 draw obl 11 : : PUNCT _ 13 circle punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 circle punct 13 circle circle VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 draw conj 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 answer det 15 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 13 circle obj 16 » » PUNCT _ 13 circle punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 draw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 circle to-infinitive something vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme 2 is present ring draw property tree rules 3 circle in a quote infinitive the answer vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme answer=Co-Theme
Meaning 4 To circle is to move round and round something: «the plane circled the airport».
The tree, 14 words mark advcl cop mark advmod cc amod conj punct punct det nsubj parataxis det obj punct punct root To PART circle NOUN is AUX to PART move VERB round ADV and CCONJ round ADJ something PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET plane NOUN circled VERB the DET airport NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 circle mark 2 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 5 move advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 move cop 4 to to PART _ 5 move mark 5 move move VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 round round ADV _ 5 move advmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 something cc 8 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 9 something amod 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 round conj 10 : : PUNCT _ 14 circled punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 14 circled punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 plane det 13 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 14 circled nsubj 14 circled circle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 move parataxis 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 airport det 16 airport airport NOUN Number=Sing 14 circled obj 17 » » PUNCT _ 14 circled punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present move, round property tree rules 2 circle in a quote past the plane the airport vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme airport=Co-Theme
Meaning 5 A circle of friends is a group of friends.
det nsubj case nmod cop det case nmod punct root A DET circle NOUN of ADP friends NOUN is AUX a DET group NOUN of ADP friends NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 circle det 2 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 7 group nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 friends case 4 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 2 circle nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 group cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 group det 7 group group NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 friends case 9 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 7 group nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 group punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a circle of friends a group of friends tree rules
Meaning 6 A circle can also be one full round of time that ends where it began, such as a day or a year.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj aux advmod cop nummod amod case nmod nsubj acl:relcl advmod nsubj advcl punct case fixed det obl cc det conj punct root A DET circle NOUN can AUX also ADV be AUX one NUM full ADJ round NOUN of ADP time NOUN that PRON ends VERB where ADV it PRON began VERB , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET day NOUN or CCONJ a DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 circle det 2 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 8 round nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 round aux 4 also also ADV _ 8 round advmod 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 round cop 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 round nummod 7 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 8 round amod 8 round round NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 time case 10 time time NOUN Number=Sing 8 round nmod 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 ends nsubj 12 ends end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 round acl:relcl 13 where where ADV PronType=Rel 15 began advmod 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 began nsubj 15 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 ends advcl 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 day punct 17 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 20 day case 18 as as ADP _ 17 such fixed 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 day det 20 day day NOUN Number=Sing 15 began obl 21 or or CCONJ _ 23 year cc 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 year det 23 year year NOUN Number=Sing 20 day conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 8 round punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can a circle one full round time tree rules 2 end present one full round vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 3 begin past circle day vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 1 6 children stand in a circle.
nummod nsubj case det obl punct root 6 NUM children NOUN stand VERB in ADP a DET circle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 children nummod 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 stand nsubj 3 stand stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 circle case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 circle det 6 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 3 stand obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 stand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present 6 children a circle vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in circle=Location
Example 2 Trees are planted around a circle.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root Trees NOUN are AUX planted VERB around ADP a DET circle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 3 planted nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 planted aux:pass 3 planted plant VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 around around ADP _ 6 circle case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 circle det 6 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 3 planted obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 planted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plant present · passive Trees a circle vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme around circle=Destination
Example 3 Circle the right answer.
det amod appos punct root Circle PROPN the DET right ADJ answer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Circle Circle PROPN Number=Sing root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 answer det 3 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 4 answer amod 4 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 1 Circle appos 5 . . PUNCT _ 1 Circle punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4 Draw a circle with radius 3 cm.
det obj case obl nummod obj punct root Draw VERB a DET circle NOUN with ADP radius NOUN 3 NUM cm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 circle det 3 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 1 Draw obj 4 with with ADP _ 5 radius case 5 radius radius NOUN Number=Sing 1 Draw obl 6 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 cm nummod 7 cm cm NOUN Number=Plur 1 Draw obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Draw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw imperative you not said here a circle with radius vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent circle=Beneficiary cm=Result
Example 5 The diameter of a circle is twice the radius.
det nsubj case det nmod cop advmod det punct root The DET diameter NOUN of ADP a DET circle NOUN is AUX twice ADV the DET radius NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 diameter det 2 diameter diameter NOUN Number=Sing 9 radius nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 circle case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 circle det 5 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 2 diameter nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 radius cop 7 twice twice ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 9 radius advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 radius det 9 radius radius NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 radius punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the diameter of a circle the radius twice property tree rules
Example 6 We sat in a circle for circle time.
nsubj case det obl case compound obl punct root We PRON sat VERB in ADP a DET circle NOUN for ADP circle NOUN time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sat nsubj 2 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 circle case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 circle det 5 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 2 sat obl 6 for for ADP _ 8 time case 7 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 8 time compound 8 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 sat obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past We a circle time vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in circle=Location
Example 7 Eagles circled high above the hill.
acl advmod case det obl punct root Eagles NOUN circled VERB high ADV above ADP the DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Eagles eagle NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 circled circle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Eagles acl 3 high high ADV Degree=Pos 2 circled advmod 4 above above ADP _ 6 hill case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 hill det 6 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 2 circled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Eagles punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 circle participle Eagles not said here the hill high property vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
Example 8 A circle has no corners and no straight sides.
det nsubj det obj cc det amod conj punct root A DET circle NOUN has VERB no DET corners NOUN and CCONJ no DET straight ADJ sides NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 circle det 2 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 corners det 5 corners corner NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 sides cc 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 9 sides det 8 straight straight ADJ Degree=Pos 9 sides amod 9 sides side NOUN Number=Plur 5 corners conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a circle no corners and no straight sides vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corner=Patient
Example 9 In a few moments the day had completed its circle.
case det amod obl det nsubj:pass aux nmod:poss obj punct root In ADP a DET few ADJ moments NOUN the DET day NOUN had AUX completed VERB its PRON circle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 moments case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 moments det 3 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 4 moments amod 4 moments moment NOUN Number=Plur 8 completed obl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 day det 6 day day NOUN Number=Sing 8 completed nsubj:pass 7 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 completed aux 8 completed complete VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 circle nmod:poss 10 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 8 completed obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 completed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 complete past · perfect · passive the day moment tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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