civil Who acts: he, they, Martin, civil engineer, Mum, You · What happens: give, do, treat, argue, try, stay · To what, where: civil reply, army, Civil rights, civil case, American Civil War, bridges · Speech: someone speaks here
«civil» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: civil in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Polite in a formal way, but not especially friendly: he gave a civil reply.
The tree, 14 words case det amod obl punct cc advmod advmod conj punct nsubj conj det amod obj punct root Polite ADJ in ADP a DET formal ADJ way NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ not PART especially ADV friendly ADJ : PUNCT he PRON gave VERB a DET civil ADJ reply NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polite polite ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 in in ADP _ 5 way case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 way det 4 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 way amod 5 way way NOUN Number=Sing 1 Polite obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 friendly punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 friendly cc 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 friendly advmod 9 especially especially ADV _ 10 friendly advmod 10 friendly friendly ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Polite conj 11 : : PUNCT _ 13 gave punct 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 gave nsubj 13 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 friendly conj 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 reply det 15 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 16 reply amod 16 reply reply NOUN Number=Sing 13 gave obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 1 Polite punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past he a civil reply vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reply=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To do with ordinary people (citizens), not the army or the church: civil life, civil wedding.
The tree, 16 words mark case amod obl punct appos punct punct advmod det obl cc det conj punct amod obl punct amod conj punct root To PART do VERB with ADP ordinary ADJ people NOUN ( PUNCT citizens NOUN ) PUNCT , PUNCT not PART the DET army NOUN or CCONJ the DET church NOUN : PUNCT civil ADJ life NOUN , PUNCT civil ADJ wedding NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 do mark 2 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 5 people case 4 ordinary ordinary ADJ Degree=Pos 5 people amod 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 do obl 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 7 citizens punct 7 citizens citizen NOUN Number=Plur 5 people appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 7 citizens punct 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 army punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 army advmod 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 army det 12 army army NOUN Number=Sing 2 do obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 church cc 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 church det 15 church church NOUN Number=Sing 12 army conj 16 : : PUNCT _ 18 life punct 17 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 18 life amod 18 life life NOUN Number=Sing 2 do obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 wedding punct 20 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 21 wedding amod 21 wedding wedding NOUN Number=Sing 18 life conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do to-infinitive the army or the church with ordinary people; civil life and civil wedding obl vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Inside one country, between its own people: a civil war.
case nummod obl punct case nmod:poss amod nmod punct det amod punct root Inside ADP one NUM country NOUN , PUNCT between ADP its PRON own ADJ people NOUN : PUNCT a DET civil ADJ war NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Inside inside ADP _ 3 country case 2 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 country nummod 3 country country NOUN Number=Sing 12 war obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 people punct 5 between between ADP _ 8 people case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 people nmod:poss 7 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 8 people amod 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 country nmod 9 : : PUNCT _ 12 war punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 war det 11 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 12 war amod 12 war war NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 . . PUNCT _ 12 war punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 Civil rights: the rights every citizen should have, such as being treated equally.
The tree, 13 words amod nsubj:pass punct det nsubj det nsubj aux aux punct mark fixed aux:pass advmod punct root Civil ADJ rights NOUN : PUNCT the DET rights NOUN every DET citizen NOUN should AUX have AUX , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP being AUX treated VERB equally ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 2 rights amod 2 rights right NOUN Number=Plur 14 treated nsubj:pass 3 : : PUNCT _ 9 have punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 rights det 5 rights right NOUN Number=Plur 9 have nsubj 6 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 citizen det 7 citizen citizen NOUN Number=Sing 9 have nsubj 8 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 have aux 9 have have AUX VerbForm=Inf 14 treated aux 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 treated punct 11 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ 14 treated mark 12 as as ADP _ 11 such fixed 13 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 treated aux:pass 14 treated treat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 15 equally equally ADV _ 14 treated advmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 14 treated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 treat infinitive · passive Civil rights equally property vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Meaning 5 Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.
To do with private disagreements between people, not crimes: a civil case.
The tree, 12 words mark case amod obl case nmod punct advmod conj punct det amod obl punct root To PART do VERB with ADP private ADJ disagreements NOUN between ADP people NOUN , PUNCT not PART crimes NOUN : PUNCT a DET civil ADJ case NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 do mark 2 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 5 disagreements case 4 private private ADJ Degree=Pos 5 disagreements amod 5 disagreements disagreement NOUN Number=Plur 2 do obl 6 between between ADP _ 7 people case 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 disagreements nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 crimes punct 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 crimes advmod 10 crimes crime NOUN Number=Plur 7 people conj 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 case punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 case det 13 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 14 case amod 14 case case NOUN Number=Sing 2 do obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do to-infinitive a civil case with private disagreements between people and crimes vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Even when they argue, they try to stay civil.
advmod mark nsubj advcl punct nsubj mark xcomp xcomp punct root Even ADV when SCONJ they PRON argue VERB , PUNCT they PRON try VERB to PART stay VERB civil ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Even even ADV _ 7 try advmod 2 when when SCONJ _ 4 argue mark 3 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 argue nsubj 4 argue argue VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 try advcl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 argue punct 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 try nsubj 7 try try VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to PART _ 9 stay mark 9 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 try xcomp 10 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 9 stay xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 try punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 argue speech: disagree present they vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 try present they vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 stay not said to happen to-infinitive they not said here civil property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 The American Civil War was fought between the northern and southern states.
det amod flat nsubj:pass aux:pass case det amod cc conj obl punct root The DET American ADJ Civil PROPN War PROPN was AUX fought VERB between ADP the DET northern ADJ and CCONJ southern ADJ states NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 War det 2 American American ADJ Degree=Pos 4 War amod 3 Civil Civil PROPN _ 4 War flat 4 War War PROPN Number=Sing 6 fought nsubj:pass 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 fought aux:pass 6 fought fight VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 between between ADP _ 12 states case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 states det 9 northern northern ADJ Degree=Pos 12 states amod 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 southern cc 11 southern southern ADJ Degree=Pos 9 northern conj 12 states state NOUN Number=Plur 6 fought obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 fought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fight past · passive the American Civil War between the northern states vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent
Example 3 Martin Luther King worked for civil rights.
nsubj flat flat case amod obl punct root Martin PROPN Luther PROPN King PROPN worked VERB for ADP civil ADJ rights NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Martin Martin PROPN Number=Sing 4 worked nsubj 2 Luther Luther PROPN Number=Sing 1 Martin flat 3 King King PROPN Number=Sing 1 Martin flat 4 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 for for ADP _ 7 rights case 6 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 7 rights amod 7 rights right NOUN Number=Plur 4 worked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 worked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work past Martin for civil rights vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for right=Beneficiary
Example 4 A civil engineer designs bridges and roads.
det amod nsubj obj cc conj punct root A DET civil ADJ engineer NOUN designs VERB bridges NOUN and CCONJ roads NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 engineer det 2 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 3 engineer amod 3 engineer engineer NOUN Number=Sing 4 designs nsubj 4 designs design VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 bridges bridge NOUN Number=Plur 4 designs obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 roads cc 7 roads road NOUN Number=Plur 5 bridges conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 designs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 design present a civil engineer bridges and roads vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Result
Example 5 They had a civil wedding at the town hall.
nsubj det amod obj case det compound obl punct root They PRON had VERB a DET civil ADJ wedding NOUN at ADP the DET town NOUN hall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 wedding det 4 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 5 wedding amod 5 wedding wedding NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 at at ADP _ 9 hall case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 hall det 8 town town NOUN Number=Sing 9 hall compound 9 hall hall NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past They a civil wedding the town hall vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wedding=Patient
Example 6 Mum works as a civil servant for the government.
nsubj case det amod obl case det nmod punct root Mum NOUN works VERB as ADP a DET civil ADJ servant NOUN for ADP the DET government NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 works nsubj 2 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 as as ADP _ 6 servant case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 servant det 5 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 6 servant amod 6 servant servant NOUN Number=Sing 2 works obl 7 for for ADP _ 9 government case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 government det 9 government government NOUN Number=Sing 6 servant nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 works punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work present Mum as a civil servant for the government vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.attribute PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent as servant=Attribute
Example 7 "You are a good and civil boy," said the mayor.
punct nsubj cop det amod cc conj nsubj punct punct det obj punct root " PUNCT You PRON are AUX a DET good ADJ and CCONJ civil ADJ boy NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET mayor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 8 boy punct 2 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 boy nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 boy cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 boy det 5 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 8 boy amod 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 civil cc 7 civil civil ADJ Degree=Pos 5 good conj 8 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 11 said nsubj 9 , , PUNCT _ 8 boy punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 8 boy punct 11 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 mayor det 13 mayor mayor NOUN Number=Sing 11 said obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 11 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present You a good boy tree rules 2 say speech: assert past a good boy the mayor vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent mayor=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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