civilization Who acts: its, we, ancient Egyptian civilization, Writing, Maya civilization, Valley civilization · What happens: achieve, camp, be, build, have, help · To what, where: civilization, pyramids, one sign, own calendar, drains, food · Speech: someone speaks here
«civilization» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: civilization in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A large, organised society with cities, government, laws, writing, art and trade: «the ancient Egyptian civilization».
The tree, 16 words det amod punct amod case nmod punct conj punct conj punct conj punct conj cc conj punct punct det amod amod appos punct punct root A DET large ADJ , PUNCT organised ADJ society NOUN with ADP cities NOUN , PUNCT government NOUN , PUNCT laws NOUN , PUNCT writing NOUN , PUNCT art NOUN and CCONJ trade NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET ancient ADJ Egyptian ADJ civilization NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 society det 2 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 5 society amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 large punct 4 organised organised ADJ Degree=Pos 5 society amod 5 society society NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 cities case 7 cities city NOUN Number=Plur 5 society nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 government punct 9 government government NOUN Number=Sing 5 society conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 laws punct 11 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 5 society conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 writing punct 13 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 11 laws conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 art punct 15 art art NOUN Number=Sing 13 writing conj 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 trade cc 17 trade trade NOUN Number=Sing 13 writing conj 18 : : PUNCT _ 23 civilization punct 19 « « PUNCT _ 23 civilization punct 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 civilization det 21 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 23 civilization amod 22 Egyptian Egyptian ADJ Degree=Pos 23 civilization amod 23 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 5 society appos 24 » » PUNCT _ 23 civilization punct 25 . . PUNCT _ 5 society punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 Human society in general, especially its achievements: «the history of civilization».
The tree, 11 words amod case nmod punct advmod nmod:poss conj punct punct det conj case nmod punct punct root Human ADJ society NOUN in ADP general ADJ , PUNCT especially ADV its PRON achievements NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET history NOUN of ADP civilization NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Human human ADJ Degree=Pos 2 society amod 2 society society NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 general case 4 general general ADJ Degree=Pos 2 society nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 achievements punct 6 especially especially ADV _ 8 achievements advmod 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 achievements nmod:poss 8 achievements achievement NOUN Number=Plur 2 society conj 9 : : PUNCT _ 12 history punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 12 history punct 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 history det 12 history history NOUN Number=Sing 2 society conj 13 of of ADP _ 14 civilization case 14 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 12 history nmod 15 » » PUNCT _ 12 history punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 society punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 achieve its = it nom achievement «act transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 3 Usage: informal, humorous — kept apart, not parsed.
Comfortable modern life with shops, toilets and internet: «After camping we were glad to be back in civilization.».
The tree, 18 words amod amod case nmod punct conj cc conj punct punct mark advcl nsubj cop parataxis mark cop advcl case obl punct punct punct root Comfortable ADJ modern ADJ life NOUN with ADP shops NOUN , PUNCT toilets NOUN and CCONJ internet NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT After SCONJ camping VERB we PRON were AUX glad ADJ to PART be AUX back ADV in ADP civilization NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Comfortable comfortable ADJ Degree=Pos 3 life amod 2 modern modern ADJ Degree=Pos 3 life amod 3 life life NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 with with ADP _ 5 shops case 5 shops shop NOUN Number=Plur 3 life nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 toilets punct 7 toilets toilet NOUN Number=Plur 5 shops conj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 internet cc 9 internet internet NOUN Number=Sing 5 shops conj 10 : : PUNCT _ 16 glad punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 16 glad punct 12 After after SCONJ _ 13 camping mark 13 camping camp VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 16 glad advcl 14 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 16 glad nsubj 15 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 glad cop 16 glad glad ADJ Degree=Pos 3 life parataxis 17 to to PART _ 19 back mark 18 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 19 back cop 19 back back ADV _ 16 glad advcl 20 in in ADP _ 21 civilization case 21 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 19 back obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 16 glad punct 23 » » PUNCT _ 16 glad punct 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 life punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 camp in a quote gerund we not said here vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme 2 is in a quote past we glad property tree rules 3 is in a quote to-infinitive we not said here civilization back property tree rules
Example 1 The ancient Egyptian civilization built the pyramids.
det amod amod nsubj det obj punct root The DET ancient ADJ Egyptian ADJ civilization NOUN built VERB the DET pyramids NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 civilization det 2 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 4 civilization amod 3 Egyptian Egyptian ADJ Degree=Pos 4 civilization amod 4 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 5 built nsubj 5 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pyramids det 7 pyramids pyramid NOUN Number=Plur 5 built obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past the ancient Egyptian civilization the pyramids vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pyramid=Product
Example 2 Writing is one sign of a civilization.
nsubj cop nummod case det nmod punct root Writing NOUN is AUX one NUM sign NOUN of ADP a DET civilization NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 4 sign nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 sign cop 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 sign nummod 4 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 civilization case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 civilization det 7 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 4 sign nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 sign punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Writing one sign of a civilization tree rules
Example 3 The Maya civilization had its own calendar.
det compound nsubj nmod:poss amod obj punct root The DET Maya PROPN civilization NOUN had VERB its PRON own ADJ calendar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 civilization det 2 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 3 civilization compound 3 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 calendar nmod:poss 6 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 7 calendar amod 7 calendar calendar NOUN Number=Sing 4 had obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the Maya civilization civilization's own calendar vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calendar=Patient
Example 4 After a week of camping we were happy to be back in civilization.
case det obl case nmod nsubj cop mark cop ccomp case obl punct root After ADP a DET week NOUN of ADP camping NOUN we PRON were AUX happy ADJ to PART be AUX back ADV in ADP civilization NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 week case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 week det 3 week week NOUN Number=Sing 8 happy obl 4 of of ADP _ 5 camping case 5 camping camping NOUN Number=Sing 3 week nmod 6 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 happy nsubj 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 happy cop 8 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 to to PART _ 11 back mark 10 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 11 back cop 11 back back ADV _ 8 happy ccomp 12 in in ADP _ 13 civilization case 13 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 11 back obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 happy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past we week happy property tree rules 2 is to-infinitive we not said here civilization back property tree rules
Example 5 The Indus Valley civilization had drains and toilets.
det compound compound nsubj obj cc conj punct root The DET Indus PROPN Valley PROPN civilization NOUN had VERB drains NOUN and CCONJ toilets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 civilization det 2 Indus Indus PROPN Number=Sing 3 Valley compound 3 Valley Valley PROPN Number=Sing 4 civilization compound 4 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 5 had nsubj 5 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 drains drain NOUN Number=Plur 5 had obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 toilets cc 8 toilets toilet NOUN Number=Plur 6 drains conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the Valley civilization drains and toilets vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drain=Patient
Example 6 Rivers helped early civilizations grow food.
nsubj amod nsubj ccomp obj punct root Rivers NOUN helped VERB early ADJ civilizations NOUN grow VERB food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 2 helped nsubj 2 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 early early ADJ Degree=Pos 4 civilizations amod 4 civilizations civilization NOUN Number=Plur 5 grow nsubj 5 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 helped ccomp 6 food food NOUN Number=Sing 5 grow obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help past Rivers vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 grow present early civilizations food vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location food=Theme
Example 7 All the means used by centuries of civilization in subduing wild beasts failed in this case.
The tree, 16 words det:predet nsubj ccomp case obl case nmod mark acl amod nsubj ccomp case det obl punct root All DET the DET means VERB used VERB by ADP centuries NOUN of ADP civilization NOUN in SCONJ subduing VERB wild ADJ beasts NOUN failed VERB in ADP this DET case NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 means det:predet 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 means ccomp 5 by by ADP _ 6 centuries case 6 centuries century NOUN Number=Plur 4 used obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 civilization case 8 civilization civilization NOUN Number=Sing 6 centuries nmod 9 in in SCONJ _ 10 subduing mark 10 subduing subdue VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 civilization acl 11 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 12 beasts amod 12 beasts beast NOUN Number=Plur 13 failed nsubj 13 failed fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 subduing ccomp 14 in in ADP _ 16 case case 15 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 16 case det 16 case case NOUN Number=Sing 13 failed obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 use participle century vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 subdue gerund civilization not said here tree rules 4 fail past wild beasts this case vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent in case=Eventuality
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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