close Who acts: shop, Close, Close friends, close game, scores, store · What happens: close, be, say, mean, count, stand · To what, where: klohs, good friends, one, 9:00, library, window · Speech: someone speaks here
«close» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: close in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To close is to shut, like a door, a book or your eyes.
The tree, 13 words mark advcl cop mark punct case det obl punct det appos cc nmod:poss conj punct root To PART close VERB is AUX to PART shut ADJ , PUNCT like ADP a DET door NOUN , PUNCT a DET book NOUN or CCONJ your PRON eyes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 close mark 2 close close VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 shut advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 shut cop 4 to to PART _ 5 shut mark 5 shut shut ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 door punct 7 like like ADP _ 9 door case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 door det 9 door door NOUN Number=Sing 5 shut obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 book punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 book det 12 book book NOUN Number=Sing 9 door appos 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 eyes cc 14 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 eyes nmod:poss 15 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 12 book conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 shut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present like a door; shut property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To close is also to stop being open for people, like a shop closing at night.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl cop advmod mark cop xcomp case obl punct case det parataxis acl case obl punct root To PART close VERB is AUX also ADV to PART stop VERB being AUX open ADJ for ADP people NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET shop NOUN closing VERB at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 close mark 2 close close VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 stop advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stop cop 4 also also ADV _ 6 stop advmod 5 to to PART _ 6 stop mark 6 stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 open cop 8 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stop xcomp 9 for for ADP _ 10 people case 10 people people NOUN Number=Plur 8 open obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 shop punct 12 like like ADP _ 14 shop case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 shop det 14 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 6 stop parataxis 15 closing close VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 shop acl 16 at at ADP _ 17 night case 17 night night NOUN Number=Sing 15 closing obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present stop property tree rules 3 is gerund for people; open property tree rules 4 close gerund a shop not said here night vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 Close (said «klohs») means near.
nsubj punct conj punct obj punct punct advmod punct root Close ADJ ( PUNCT said VERB « PUNCT klohs NOUN » PUNCT ) PUNCT means VERB near ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Close close ADJ Degree=Pos 8 means nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 said punct 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 1 Close conj 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 klohs punct 5 klohs kloh NOUN Number=Plur 3 said obj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 klohs punct 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 klohs punct 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 near near ADV _ 8 means advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Close not said here klohs vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent kloh=Topic 2 mean present Close near property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Close friends are very good friends.
amod nsubj cop advmod amod punct root Close ADJ friends NOUN are AUX very ADV good ADJ friends NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Close close ADJ Degree=Pos 2 friends amod 2 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 6 friends nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 friends cop 4 very very ADV _ 5 good advmod 5 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 6 friends amod 6 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 friends punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Close friends good friends tree rules
Meaning 5 A close game is one where the scores are nearly the same.
det amod nsubj cop advmod det nsubj cop advmod det amod punct root A DET close ADJ game NOUN is AUX one NUM where ADV the DET scores NOUN are AUX nearly ADV the DET same ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 game det 2 close close ADJ Degree=Pos 3 game amod 3 game game NOUN Number=Sing 5 one nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 one cop 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 6 where where ADV PronType=Rel 12 same advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 scores det 8 scores score NOUN Number=Plur 12 same nsubj 9 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 same cop 10 nearly nearly ADV _ 12 same advmod 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 same det 12 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 5 one amod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a close game one tree rules 2 is present the scores nearly, same property tree rules
Example 1 The store closes at 9:00.
det nsubj case obl punct root The DET store NOUN closes VERB at ADP 9:00 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 store det 2 store store NOUN Number=Sing 3 closes nsubj 3 closes close VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 5 9:00 case 5 9:00 9:00 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 closes obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 closes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close present the store 9:00 vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 Which number is closest to 50?
det nsubj cop case obl punct root Which DET number NOUN is AUX closest ADJ to ADP 50 NUM ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which DET PronType=Int 2 number det 2 number number NOUN Number=Sing 4 closest nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 closest cop 4 closest close ADJ Degree=Sup root root 5 to to ADP _ 6 50 case 6 50 50 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 closest obl 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 closest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present which number to 50; close property tree rules
Example 3 The park is close to school.
det nsubj cop case obl punct root The DET park NOUN is AUX close ADJ to ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 park det 2 park park NOUN Number=Sing 4 close nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 close cop 4 close close ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to ADP _ 6 school case 6 school school NOUN Number=Sing 4 close obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 close punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the park to school; close property tree rules
Example 4 The library is closed on Sunday.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET library NOUN is AUX closed VERB on ADP Sunday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 library det 2 library library NOUN Number=Sing 4 closed nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 closed aux:pass 4 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 on on ADP _ 6 Sunday case 6 Sunday Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 4 closed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 closed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close present · passive the library sunday vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 5 Please close the window, it is cold.
discourse det obj punct nsubj cop conj punct root Please INTJ close VERB the DET window NOUN , PUNCT it PRON is AUX cold ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 close discourse 2 close close VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 window det 4 window window NOUN Number=Sing 2 close obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 cold punct 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 cold nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 cold cop 8 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 2 close conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 close punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close imperative you not said here the window vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Patient 2 is present window cold property tree rules
Example 6 Close your eyes and count to ten.
nmod:poss obj cc conj case obl punct root Close VERB your PRON eyes NOUN and CCONJ count VERB to ADP ten NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Close close VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 eyes nmod:poss 3 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 1 Close obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 count cc 5 count count VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Close conj 6 to to ADP _ 7 ten case 7 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 count obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Close punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close imperative you not said here your eyes vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient 2 count infinitive you not said here to ten vn matter-91 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to ten=Experiencer
Example 7 Stand close to me in the crowd.
xcomp case obl case det obl punct root Stand VERB close ADJ to ADP me PRON in ADP the DET crowd NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stand stand VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 close close ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Stand xcomp 3 to to ADP _ 4 me case 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 close obl 5 in in ADP _ 7 crowd case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 crowd det 7 crowd crowd NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stand obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand imperative you not said here the crowd close property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in crowd=Location
Example 8 It was a close game: 3 to 2.
nsubj cop det amod punct appos case nmod punct root It PRON was AUX a DET close ADJ game NOUN : PUNCT 3 NUM to ADP 2 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 game nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 game cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 game det 4 close close ADJ Degree=Pos 5 game amod 5 game game NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 : : PUNCT _ 7 3 punct 7 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 game appos 8 to to ADP _ 9 2 case 9 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 3 nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 game punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past It a close game tree rules
Example 9 She is my close friend.
nsubj cop nmod:poss amod punct root She PRON is AUX my PRON close ADJ friend NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 friend nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 friend cop 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 friend nmod:poss 4 close close ADJ Degree=Pos 5 friend amod 5 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 friend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present She my close friend tree rules
Example 10 Close behind him some one followed.
advmod case obl det nsubj punct root Close ADV behind ADP him PRON some DET one NOUN followed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Close close ADV Degree=Pos 6 followed advmod 2 behind behind ADP _ 3 him case 3 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Close obl 4 some some DET PronType=Ind 5 one det 5 one one NOUN Number=Sing 6 followed nsubj 6 followed follow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 followed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow past some one close property vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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