clumping

Who acts: slow heavy noisy steps, wet flour, trees, plants, He, giant · What happens: walk, clump up, gather, clump, grow, come · To what, where: stairs, big boots, woods, flour, clump, lane

«clumping» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: clumping in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Walking with slow, heavy, noisy steps (clumping up the stairs).

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	with	with	ADP	_	8 steps	case
3	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 steps	amod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 slow	punct
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 steps	amod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 heavy	punct
7	noisy	noisy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 steps	amod
8	steps	step	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Walking	obl
9	(	(	PUNCT	_	10 clumping	punct
10	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 steps	acl
11	up	up	ADP	_	10 clumping	compound:prt
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 stairs	det
13	stairs	stair	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 clumping	obj
14	)	)	PUNCT	_	10 clumping	punct
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Walking	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	gerund						with slow heavy noisy steps	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	clump up	gerund	slow heavy noisy steps not said here	the stairs					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location stair=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Gathering together into a tight group or lumps (wet flour clumping, trees clumping together).

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gathering	gather	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	together	together	ADV	_	1 Gathering	advmod
3	into	into	ADP	_	6 group	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 group	det
5	tight	tight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 group	amod
6	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Gathering	obl
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 lumps	cc
8	lumps	lump	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 group	conj
9	(	(	PUNCT	_	11 flour	punct
10	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 flour	amod
11	flour	flour	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lumps	appos
12	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 flour	acl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 trees	punct
14	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 flour	conj
15	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 trees	acl
16	together	together	ADV	_	15 clumping	advmod
17	)	)	PUNCT	_	11 flour	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Gathering	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	gather	gerund		into a tight group or lumps; together property	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent into group=Co-Patient
2	clump	gerund	wet flour and trees not said here		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	clump	gerund	trees not said here	together property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 3

Usage: noun «clump» — kept apart, not parsed.

A group of plants growing close together, or a lump of something.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 group	det
2	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 plants	case
4	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 group	nmod
5	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 plants	acl
6	close	close	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 growing	advmod
7	together	together	ADV	_	5 growing	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 lump	punct
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 lump	cc
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 lump	det
11	lump	lump	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 group	appos
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 something	case
13	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	11 lump	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 group	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	gerund	plants not said here					close, together property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

He came clumping down the stairs in his big boots.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	clumping	clump	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 came	advcl
4	down	down	ADP	_	6 stairs	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 stairs	det
6	stairs	stair	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 clumping	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 boots	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 boots	nmod:poss
9	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 boots	amod
10	boots	boot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 clumping	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	He						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	clump	gerund	He not said here			his big boots		down the stairs	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down stair=Trajectory

Example 2

The giant went clumping through the woods.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 giant	det
2	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 went	xcomp
5	through	through	ADP	_	7 woods	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 woods	det
7	woods	wood	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 clumping	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	the giant						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	clump	gerund	the giant not said here			the woods			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through wood=Trajectory

Example 3

The wet sand kept clumping together.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sand	det
2	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sand	amod
3	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kept	nsubj
4	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 kept	xcomp
6	together	together	ADV	_	5 clumping	advmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 kept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past	the wet sand						tree rules
2	clump	gerund	the wet sand not said here					together property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 4

Stir the flour well to stop it clumping.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stir	stir	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 flour	det
3	flour	flour	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Stir	obj
4	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	1 Stir	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 stop	mark
6	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Stir	advcl
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 stop	obj
8	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 stop	xcomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Stir	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	stir	imperative	you not said here	the flour	well property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus flour=Experiencer
2	stop	to-infinitive	you not said here	flour		tree rules
3	clump	gerund	you not said here			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 5

Daffodils were growing in a clump by the gate.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Daffodils	daffodil	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 growing	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 growing	aux
3	growing	grow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 clump	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 clump	det
6	clump	clump	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 growing	obl
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 gate	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 gate	det
9	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 growing	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 growing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past · progressive	Daffodils			a clump		by the gate	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in clump=Location

Example 6

The horses went clumping along the lane.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 horses	det
2	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 went	xcomp
5	along	along	ADP	_	7 lane	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 lane	det
7	lane	lane	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 clumping	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	the horses						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	clump	gerund	the horses not said here			the lane			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along lane=Trajectory

Example 7

The cattle stood clumping together for warmth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cattle	det
2	cattle	cattle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stood	nsubj
3	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 stood	xcomp
5	together	together	ADV	_	4 clumping	advmod
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 warmth	case
7	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 clumping	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	the cattle						vn admire-31.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	clump	gerund	the cattle not said here					for warmth; together property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 8

The Carl of the Drab Coat came bumping and stumping and clumping into the camp, and was surrounded by a multitude that adored him and hailed him with tears.

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Carl	det
2	Carl	Carl	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 came	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 Coat	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Coat	det
5	Drab	Drab	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Coat	compound
6	Coat	Coat	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Carl	nmod
7	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	bumping	bump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 came	xcomp
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 stumping	cc
10	stumping	stump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 bumping	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 clumping	cc
12	clumping	clump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 stumping	conj
13	into	into	ADP	_	15 camp	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 camp	det
15	camp	camp	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 clumping	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 surrounded	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 surrounded	cc
18	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 surrounded	aux:pass
19	surrounded	surround	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 came	advcl
20	by	by	ADP	_	22 multitude	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 multitude	det
22	multitude	multitude	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 surrounded	obl:agent
23	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 adored	nsubj
24	adored	adore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 multitude	acl:relcl
25	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 adored	obj
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 hailed	cc
27	hailed	hail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 adored	conj
28	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 hailed	obj
29	with	with	ADP	_	30 tears	case
30	tears	tear	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 hailed	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	come	past	the Carl of the Drab Coat				tree rules
2	bump	gerund	the Carl of the Drab Coat not said here				vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
3	stump	gerund	the Carl of the Drab Coat not said here				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	clump	gerund	the Carl of the Drab Coat not said here		the camp		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into camp=Destination
5	surround	past · passive	a multitude				vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
6	adore	past	a multitude	Carl			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus
7	hail	past	a multitude not said here	Carl		with tears	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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