clump Who acts: clump, trees, He, cat, you, porridge · What happens: be, grow, stick together, clump, mean, gather · To what, where: small group, lump, lumps, group, stairs, boots · Speech: someone speaks here
«clump» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: clump in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A clump is a small group of plants or trees growing close together: «a clump of daisies».
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det amod case nmod cc conj acl advmod advmod punct punct det appos case nmod punct punct root A DET clump NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ group NOUN of ADP plants NOUN or CCONJ trees NOUN growing VERB close ADV together ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT a DET clump NOUN of ADP daisies NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 clump det 2 clump clump NOUN Number=Sing 6 group nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 group cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 group det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 group amod 6 group group NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 plants case 8 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 6 group nmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 trees cc 10 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 8 plants conj 11 growing grow VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 trees acl 12 close close ADV Degree=Pos 11 growing advmod 13 together together ADV _ 11 growing advmod 14 : : PUNCT _ 17 clump punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 17 clump punct 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 clump det 17 clump clump NOUN Number=Sing 6 group appos 18 of of ADP _ 19 daisies case 19 daisies daisy NOUN Number=Plur 17 clump nmod 20 » » PUNCT _ 17 clump punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 group punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a clump a small group of plants or trees tree rules 2 grow gerund trees not said here close, together property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A clump is a lump or mass of something stuck together: «a clump of hair», «clumps of mud».
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det cc conj case nmod acl advmod punct punct det conj case nmod punct punct punct appos case nmod punct punct root A DET clump NOUN is AUX a DET lump NOUN or CCONJ mass NOUN of ADP something PRON stuck VERB together ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT a DET clump NOUN of ADP hair NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT clumps NOUN of ADP mud NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 clump det 2 clump clump NOUN Number=Sing 5 lump nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lump cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lump det 5 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 mass cc 7 mass mass NOUN Number=Sing 5 lump conj 8 of of ADP _ 9 something case 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 mass nmod 10 stuck stick VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 something acl 11 together together ADV _ 10 stuck advmod 12 : : PUNCT _ 15 clump punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 15 clump punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 clump det 15 clump clump NOUN Number=Sing 5 lump conj 16 of of ADP _ 17 hair case 17 hair hair NOUN Number=Sing 15 clump nmod 18 » » PUNCT _ 15 clump punct 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 clumps punct 20 « « PUNCT _ 21 clumps punct 21 clumps clump NOUN Number=Plur 15 clump appos 22 of of ADP _ 23 mud case 23 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 21 clumps nmod 24 » » PUNCT _ 21 clumps punct 25 . . PUNCT _ 5 lump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a clump a lump or mass of something and a clump of hair tree rules 2 stick together participle together property vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 To clump, or clump together, means to stick together in lumps or gather in a group.
The tree, 16 words mark csubj punct cc conj advmod punct mark xcomp advmod case obl cc conj case det obl punct root To PART clump VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ clump VERB together ADV , PUNCT means VERB to PART stick VERB together ADV in ADP lumps NOUN or CCONJ gather VERB in ADP a DET group NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 clump mark 2 clump clump VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 means csubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 clump punct 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 clump cc 5 clump clump VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 clump conj 6 together together ADV _ 5 clump advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 2 clump punct 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 to to PART _ 10 stick mark 10 stick stick VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 means xcomp 11 together together ADV _ 10 stick advmod 12 in in ADP _ 13 lumps case 13 lumps lump NOUN Number=Plur 10 stick obl 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 gather cc 15 gather gather VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 stick conj 16 in in ADP _ 18 group case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 group det 18 group group NOUN Number=Sing 15 gather obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 8 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 clump to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 clump infinitive together property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 stick together not said to happen to-infinitive lumps together property vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in lump=Destination 5 gather present a group vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 To clump means to walk with slow, heavy, noisy steps: «He clumped up the stairs in his boots».
The tree, 18 words mark csubj mark ccomp case amod punct amod punct amod obl punct punct nsubj parataxis compound:prt det obj case nmod:poss obl punct punct root To PART clump VERB means VERB to PART walk VERB with ADP slow ADJ , PUNCT heavy ADJ , PUNCT noisy ADJ steps NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT He PRON clumped VERB up ADP the DET stairs NOUN in ADP his PRON boots NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 clump mark 2 clump clump VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 walk mark 5 walk walk VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means ccomp 6 with with ADP _ 12 steps case 7 slow slow ADJ Degree=Pos 12 steps amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 slow punct 9 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 12 steps amod 10 , , PUNCT _ 9 heavy punct 11 noisy noisy ADJ Degree=Pos 12 steps amod 12 steps step NOUN Number=Plur 5 walk obl 13 : : PUNCT _ 16 clumped punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 16 clumped punct 15 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 clumped nsubj 16 clumped clump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 means parataxis 17 up up ADP _ 16 clumped compound:prt 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 stairs det 19 stairs stair NOUN Number=Plur 16 clumped obj 20 in in ADP _ 22 boots case 21 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 22 boots nmod:poss 22 boots boot NOUN Number=Plur 16 clumped obl 23 » » PUNCT _ 16 clumped punct 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 clump to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 walk not said to happen to-infinitive with slow heavy noisy steps vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 clump up in a quote past He the stairs his boots tree rules
Example 1 A clump of bluebells grew under the tree.
det nsubj case nmod case det obl punct root A DET clump NOUN of ADP bluebells NOUN grew VERB under ADP the DET tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 clump det 2 clump clump NOUN Number=Sing 5 grew nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 bluebells case 4 bluebells bluebell NOUN Number=Plur 2 clump nmod 5 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 under under ADP _ 8 tree case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 tree det 8 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 5 grew obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past a clump of bluebells the tree vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under tree=Location
Example 2 The cat left a clump of fur on the sofa.
det nsubj det obj case nmod case det obl punct root The DET cat NOUN left VERB a DET clump NOUN of ADP fur NOUN on ADP the DET sofa NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 3 left nsubj 3 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 clump det 5 clump clump NOUN Number=Sing 3 left obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 fur case 7 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 5 clump nmod 8 on on ADP _ 10 sofa case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 sofa det 10 sofa sofa NOUN Number=Sing 3 left obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past the cat a clump of fur the sofa vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent clump=Theme on sofa=Location
Example 3 Stir the porridge so it doesn't clump.
det obj mark nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root Stir VERB the DET porridge NOUN so SCONJ it PRON does AUX n't PART clump VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stir stir VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 porridge det 3 porridge porridge NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stir obj 4 so so SCONJ _ 8 clump mark 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 clump nsubj 6 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 clump aux 7 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 8 clump advmod 8 clump clump VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Stir advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stir punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stir imperative you not said here the porridge vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus porridge=Experiencer 2 not clump present · do-support porridge vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 The children clumped together to keep warm.
det nsubj advmod mark advcl xcomp punct root The DET children NOUN clumped VERB together ADV to PART keep VERB warm ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 children det 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 clumped nsubj 3 clumped clump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 together together ADV _ 3 clumped advmod 5 to to PART _ 6 keep mark 6 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 clumped advcl 7 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 6 keep xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 clumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 clump past the children together property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 keep to-infinitive the children not said here warm property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 5 We heard Dad clumping upstairs in his wellies.
nsubj obj xcomp advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root We PRON heard VERB Dad PROPN clumping VERB upstairs ADV in ADP his PRON wellies NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Dad Dad PROPN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 4 clumping clump VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 heard xcomp 5 upstairs upstairs ADV _ 4 clumping advmod 6 in in ADP _ 8 wellies case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 wellies nmod:poss 8 wellies welly NOUN Number=Plur 4 clumping obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We Dad tree rules 2 clump gerund Dad not said here Dad's wellies upstairs property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in welly=Trajectory
Example 6 Clumps of mud fell off my football boots.
nsubj case nmod case nmod:poss compound obl punct root Clumps NOUN of ADP mud NOUN fell VERB off ADP my PRON football NOUN boots NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Clumps clump NOUN Number=Plur 4 fell nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 mud case 3 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 1 Clumps nmod 4 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 off off ADP _ 8 boots case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 boots nmod:poss 7 football football NOUN Number=Sing 8 boots compound 8 boots boot NOUN Number=Plur 4 fell obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 fell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall off past Clumps of mud my football boots vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient boot=Extent
Example 7 The rabbits hid in a clump of long grass.
det nsubj case det obl case amod nmod punct root The DET rabbits NOUN hid VERB in ADP a DET clump NOUN of ADP long ADJ grass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rabbits det 2 rabbits rabbit NOUN Number=Plur 3 hid nsubj 3 hid hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 clump case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 clump det 6 clump clump NOUN Number=Sing 3 hid obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 grass case 8 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 9 grass amod 9 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 6 clump nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 hid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hide past the rabbits a clump of long grass vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in clump=Location
Example 8 But not half-way, near a clump of trees, there was the Wolf!
The tree, 13 words cc advmod compound punct obl punct case det appos case nmod punct expl det nsubj punct root But CCONJ not PART half NOUN - PUNCT way NOUN , PUNCT near ADP a DET clump NOUN of ADP trees NOUN , PUNCT there PRON was VERB the DET Wolf PROPN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 5 way cc 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 way advmod 3 half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 5 way compound 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 half punct 5 way way NOUN Number=Sing 14 was obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 clump punct 7 near near ADP _ 9 clump case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 clump det 9 clump clump NOUN Number=Sing 5 way appos 10 of of ADP _ 11 trees case 11 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 9 clump nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 5 way punct 13 there there PRON PronType=Dem 14 was expl 14 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 Wolf det 16 Wolf Wolf PROPN Number=Sing 14 was nsubj 17 ! ! PUNCT _ 14 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past the Wolf half way there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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