colonisation Who acts: one country, people, plants, colonisation, Moss, India · What happens: take, send, live, move, start, begin · To what, where: control, people, power, new place, 1788, Australia
«colonisation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: colonisation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 When one country takes control of another land and sends people to live there, often taking power from the people already living there.
The tree, 23 words mark nummod nsubj advcl obj case det nmod cc obj mark xcomp advmod punct advmod advcl obj case det obl advmod conj advmod punct root When SCONJ one NUM country NOUN takes VERB control NOUN of ADP another DET land NOUN and CCONJ sends VERB people NOUN to PART live VERB there ADV , PUNCT often ADV taking VERB power NOUN from ADP the DET people NOUN already ADV living VERB there ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when SCONJ _ 4 takes mark 2 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 country nummod 3 country country NOUN Number=Sing 4 takes nsubj 4 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 sends advcl 5 control control NOUN Number=Sing 4 takes obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 land case 7 another another DET PronType=Ind 8 land det 8 land land NOUN Number=Sing 5 control nmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 sends cc 10 sends send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 10 sends obj 12 to to PART _ 13 live mark 13 live live VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 sends xcomp 14 there there ADV PronType=Dem 13 live advmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 taking punct 16 often often ADV _ 17 taking advmod 17 taking take VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 sends advcl 18 power power NOUN Number=Sing 17 taking obj 19 from from ADP _ 21 people case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 people det 21 people people NOUN Number=Plur 17 taking obl 22 already already ADV _ 23 living advmod 23 living live VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 17 taking conj 24 there there ADV PronType=Dem 23 living advmod 25 . . PUNCT _ 10 sends punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present one country control of another land vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent control=Theme 2 send present people tree rules 3 live to-infinitive people not said here there vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 take gerund power from the people; often property vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent power=Theme from people=Initial_Location 5 live gerund there vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
When plants or animals move into a new place and start living there.
advmod nsubj cc conj case det amod obl cc conj xcomp advmod punct root When ADV plants NOUN or CCONJ animals NOUN move VERB into ADP a DET new ADJ place NOUN and CCONJ start VERB living VERB there ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 5 move advmod 2 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 5 move nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 animals cc 4 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 2 plants conj 5 move move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 into into ADP _ 9 place case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 place det 8 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 9 place amod 9 place place NOUN Number=Sing 5 move obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 start cc 11 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 move conj 12 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 start xcomp 13 there there ADV PronType=Dem 12 living advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move present plants or animals a new place vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into place=Trajectory 2 start infinitive plants or animals not said here vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 live gerund plants or animals not said here there vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The colonisation of Australia began in 1788.
det nsubj case nmod case obl punct root The DET colonisation NOUN of ADP Australia PROPN began VERB in ADP 1788 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 colonisation det 2 colonisation colonisation NOUN Number=Sing 5 began nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 Australia case 4 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 2 colonisation nmod 5 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 1788 case 7 1788 1788 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 began obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past the colonisation of Australia 1788 vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 colonise Australia nom colonisation «act transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 Colonisation took land from Indigenous peoples.
nsubj obj case amod obl punct root Colonisation NOUN took VERB land NOUN from ADP Indigenous ADJ peoples NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Colonisation colonisation NOUN Number=Sing 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 land land NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 4 from from ADP _ 6 peoples case 5 Indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 6 peoples amod 6 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 2 took obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past Colonisation land from Indigenous peoples vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent land=Theme from people=Initial_Location
Example 3 Moss is often the first plant in the colonisation of bare rock.
nsubj cop advmod det amod case det nmod case amod nmod punct root Moss NOUN is AUX often ADV the DET first ADJ plant NOUN in ADP the DET colonisation NOUN of ADP bare ADJ rock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Moss moss NOUN Number=Sing 6 plant nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 plant cop 3 often often ADV _ 6 plant advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 plant det 5 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 6 plant amod 6 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 colonisation case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 colonisation det 9 colonisation colonisation NOUN Number=Sing 6 plant nmod 10 of of ADP _ 12 rock case 11 bare bare ADJ Degree=Pos 12 rock amod 12 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 9 colonisation nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 plant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Moss the first plant the colonisation of bare rock often property tree rules 2 colonise bare rock nom colonisation «act transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 Some people dream of the colonisation of Mars.
det nsubj case det obl case nmod punct root Some DET people NOUN dream VERB of ADP the DET colonisation NOUN of ADP Mars PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 people det 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 dream nsubj 3 dream dream VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 colonisation case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 colonisation det 6 colonisation colonisation NOUN Number=Sing 3 dream obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 Mars case 8 Mars Mars PROPN Number=Sing 6 colonisation nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 dream punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dream present some people of the colonisation of Mars vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent 2 colonise Mars nom colonisation «act transitive»: of=patient
Example 5 India gained independence after years of British colonisation.
nsubj obj case obl case amod nmod punct root India PROPN gained VERB independence NOUN after ADP years NOUN of ADP British ADJ colonisation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 India India PROPN Number=Sing 2 gained nsubj 2 gained gain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 independence independence NOUN Number=Sing 2 gained obj 4 after after ADP _ 5 years case 5 years year NOUN Number=Plur 2 gained obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 colonisation case 7 British British ADJ Degree=Pos 8 colonisation amod 8 colonisation colonisation NOUN Number=Sing 5 years nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 gained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gain past India independence year vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independence=Theme
Example 6 Lessons discuss both what colonisers built and the harm they did.
nsubj nsubj obl nsubj acl:relcl cc det conj nsubj acl:relcl punct root Lessons NOUN discuss VERB both DET what PRON colonisers NOUN built VERB and CCONJ the DET harm NOUN they PRON did VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lessons lesson NOUN Number=Plur 2 discuss nsubj 2 discuss discuss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 both both DET PronType=Tot 4 what nsubj 4 what what PRON PronType=Int 2 discuss obl 5 colonisers coloniser NOUN Number=Plur 6 built nsubj 6 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 what acl:relcl 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 harm cc 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 harm det 9 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 4 what conj 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 did nsubj 11 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 harm acl:relcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 discuss punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 discuss speech: other present Lessons vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 build past colonisers vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 3 do past colonisers = coloniser the harm not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harm=Eventuality
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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