colonised Who acts: country, it, animals, Britain, Europeans, Many colonised countries · What happens: colonis, take, send, live, colonise, move in · To what, where: land, control, people, place, Australia, bare ground
«colonised» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: colonised in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 When a country colonised a land, it took control of it and sent its people to live there, often taking the land from the people already living there.
The tree, 28 words advmod det nsubj advcl det obj punct nsubj obj case nmod cc conj nmod:poss obj mark advcl advmod punct advmod advcl det obj case det obl advmod conj advmod punct root When ADV a DET country NOUN colonised VERB a DET land NOUN , PUNCT it PRON took VERB control NOUN of ADP it PRON and CCONJ sent VERB its PRON people NOUN to PART live VERB there ADV , PUNCT often ADV taking VERB the DET land NOUN from ADP the DET people NOUN already ADV living VERB there ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 4 colonised advmod 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 country det 3 country country NOUN Number=Sing 4 colonised nsubj 4 colonised colonis VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 took advcl 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 land det 6 land land NOUN Number=Sing 4 colonised obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 4 colonised punct 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 took nsubj 9 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 control control NOUN Number=Sing 9 took obj 11 of of ADP _ 12 it case 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 control nmod 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 sent cc 14 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 took conj 15 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 people nmod:poss 16 people people NOUN Number=Plur 14 sent obj 17 to to PART _ 18 live mark 18 live live VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 sent advcl 19 there there ADV PronType=Dem 18 live advmod 20 , , PUNCT _ 22 taking punct 21 often often ADV _ 22 taking advmod 22 taking take VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 sent advcl 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 land det 24 land land NOUN Number=Sing 22 taking obj 25 from from ADP _ 27 people case 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 people det 27 people people NOUN Number=Plur 22 taking obl 28 already already ADV _ 29 living advmod 29 living live VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 22 taking conj 30 there there ADV PronType=Dem 29 living advmod 31 . . PUNCT _ 9 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colonis past a country a land tree rules 2 take past it control of country vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent control=Theme 3 send past country's people vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme 4 live to-infinitive there vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 take gerund the land from the people; often property vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent land=Theme from people=Initial_Location 6 live gerund there vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
When animals or plants colonise a place, they move in and start living and growing there.
The tree, 16 words advmod nsubj cc conj advcl det obj punct nsubj advmod cc conj xcomp cc conj advmod punct root When ADV animals NOUN or CCONJ plants NOUN colonise VERB a DET place NOUN , PUNCT they PRON move VERB in ADV and CCONJ start VERB living VERB and CCONJ growing VERB there ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 5 colonise advmod 2 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 colonise nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 plants cc 4 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 animals conj 5 colonise colonise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 move advcl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 place det 7 place place NOUN Number=Sing 5 colonise obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 5 colonise punct 9 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 move nsubj 10 move move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 in in ADV _ 10 move advmod 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 start cc 13 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 move conj 14 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 13 start xcomp 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 growing cc 16 growing grow VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 living conj 17 there there ADV PronType=Dem 16 growing advmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 10 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colonise present animals or plants a place tree rules 2 move in present animals = animal vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 3 start infinitive animals = animal not said here vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 4 live gerund animals = animal not said here vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 grow gerund animals = animal not said here there vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Britain colonised Australia and New Zealand.
nsubj obj cc flat conj punct root Britain PROPN colonised VERB Australia PROPN and CCONJ New PROPN Zealand PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 2 colonised nsubj 2 colonised colonis VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 2 colonised obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 Zealand cc 5 New New PROPN Number=Sing 6 Zealand flat 6 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 3 Australia conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 colonised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colonis past Britain Australia and New Zealand tree rules
Example 2 The land was colonised by Europeans who took it from the people already living there.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl nsubj parataxis obj case det obl advmod advcl advmod punct root The DET land NOUN was AUX colonised VERB by ADP Europeans PROPN who PRON took VERB it PRON from ADP the DET people NOUN already ADV living VERB there ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 land det 2 land land NOUN Number=Sing 4 colonised nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 colonised aux:pass 4 colonised colonis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 Europeans case 6 Europeans European PROPN Number=Plur 4 colonised obl 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 took nsubj 8 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 colonised parataxis 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 took obj 10 from from ADP _ 12 people case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 people det 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 8 took obl 13 already already ADV _ 14 living advmod 14 living live VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 took advcl 15 there there ADV PronType=Dem 14 living advmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 colonised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colonis past · passive Europeans the land tree rules 2 take past land from the people vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent it=Theme from people=Initial_Location 3 live gerund there vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 Many colonised countries became independent later.
amod amod nsubj xcomp advmod punct root Many ADJ colonised VERB countries NOUN became VERB independent ADJ later ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 countries amod 2 colonised colonis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 countries amod 3 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 4 became nsubj 4 became become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 independent independent ADJ Degree=Pos 4 became xcomp 6 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 4 became advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 became punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colonis participle tree rules 2 become past Many colonised countries independent, late property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 4 After the fire, grasses quickly colonised the bare ground.
case det obl punct nsubj advmod det amod obj punct root After ADP the DET fire NOUN , PUNCT grasses NOUN quickly ADV colonised VERB the DET bare ADJ ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 fire case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 fire det 3 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 7 colonised obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 fire punct 5 grasses grass NOUN Number=Plur 7 colonised nsubj 6 quickly quickly ADV _ 7 colonised advmod 7 colonised colonis VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 ground det 9 bare bare ADJ Degree=Pos 10 ground amod 10 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 7 colonised obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 colonised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colonis past grasses the bare ground after the fire quickly property tree rules
Example 5 Moss colonised the old wall.
nsubj det amod obj punct root Moss NOUN colonised VERB the DET old ADJ wall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Moss moss NOUN Number=Sing 2 colonised nsubj 2 colonised colonis VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 wall det 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 5 wall amod 5 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 2 colonised obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 colonised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colonis past Moss the old wall tree rules
Example 6 Bacteria colonised the dish of jelly in our experiment.
nsubj det obj case nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct root Bacteria NOUN colonised VERB the DET dish NOUN of ADP jelly NOUN in ADP our PRON experiment NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bacteria bacterium NOUN Number=Plur 2 colonised nsubj 2 colonised colonis VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 dish det 4 dish dish NOUN Number=Sing 2 colonised obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 jelly case 6 jelly jelly NOUN Number=Sing 4 dish nmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 experiment case 8 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 experiment nmod:poss 9 experiment experiment NOUN Number=Sing 6 jelly nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 colonised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colonis past Bacteria the dish of jelly in our experiment tree rules 2 experiment our nom experiment «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous colonisenext → coloniser↑ back to C in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/colonised/