comet Who acts: comet, rock, we, tail, Scientists · What happens: be, travel, come, heat up, make, glow · To what, where: ball, Sun, glowing cloud, night sky, long glowing tail, Earth · Speech: someone speaks here
«comet» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: comet in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A comet is a ball of ice, dust and rock that travels around the Sun. When it comes close to the Sun, it heats up and makes a glowing cloud and a long bright tail that we can sometimes see in the night sky.
The tree, 44 words det nsubj cop det case nmod punct conj cc conj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl advmod nsubj advcl advmod case det obl punct nsubj parataxis compound:prt cc conj det amod obj cc det amod amod conj obj nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl case det compound obl punct root A DET comet NOUN is AUX a DET ball NOUN of ADP ice NOUN , PUNCT dust NOUN and CCONJ rock NOUN that PRON travels VERB around ADP the DET Sun. PROPN When ADV it PRON comes VERB close ADV to ADP the DET Sun PROPN , PUNCT it PRON heats VERB up ADP and CCONJ makes VERB a DET glowing VERB cloud NOUN and CCONJ a DET long ADJ bright ADJ tail NOUN that PRON we PRON can AUX sometimes ADV see VERB in ADP the DET night NOUN sky NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 comet det 2 comet comet NOUN Number=Sing 5 ball nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 ball cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ball det 5 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 ice case 7 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 5 ball nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 dust punct 9 dust dust NOUN Number=Sing 7 ice conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 rock cc 11 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 7 ice conj 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 travels nsubj 13 travels travel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 rock acl:relcl 14 around around ADP _ 16 Sun. case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 Sun. det 16 Sun. Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 13 travels obl 17 When when ADV PronType=Int 19 comes advmod 18 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 comes nsubj 19 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 travels advcl 20 close close ADV Degree=Pos 19 comes advmod 21 to to ADP _ 23 Sun case 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 Sun det 23 Sun Sun PROPN Number=Sing 19 comes obl 24 , , PUNCT _ 26 heats punct 25 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 26 heats nsubj 26 heats heat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 ball parataxis 27 up up ADP _ 26 heats compound:prt 28 and and CCONJ _ 29 makes cc 29 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 26 heats conj 30 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 32 cloud det 31 glowing glow VERB VerbForm=Ger 32 cloud amod 32 cloud cloud NOUN Number=Sing 29 makes obj 33 and and CCONJ _ 37 tail cc 34 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 37 tail det 35 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 37 tail amod 36 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 37 tail amod 37 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 32 cloud conj 38 that that PRON PronType=Rel 42 see obj 39 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 42 see nsubj 40 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 42 see aux 41 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 42 see advmod 42 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 32 cloud acl:relcl 43 in in ADP _ 46 sky case 44 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 46 sky det 45 night night NOUN Number=Sing 46 sky compound 46 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 42 see obl 47 . . PUNCT _ 5 ball punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a comet a ball of ice and dust and rock tree rules 2 travel present rock sunday vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 come present comet the Sun close property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to sun=Initial_Location 4 heat up present comet vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 5 make present comet not said here a glowing cloud and a long bright tail vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cloud=Product 6 glow gerund vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 7 see can we a glowing cloud and a long bright tail the night sky sometimes property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 A comet has a long glowing tail.
det nsubj det amod amod obj punct root A DET comet NOUN has VERB a DET long ADJ glowing VERB tail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 comet det 2 comet comet NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 tail det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tail amod 6 glowing glow VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 tail amod 7 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a comet a long glowing tail vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient 2 glow gerund vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 Halley's Comet comes near Earth about every 76 years.
nmod:poss case nsubj case obl advmod det nummod obl:unmarked punct root Halley PROPN 's PART Comet PROPN comes VERB near ADP Earth PROPN about ADV every DET 76 NUM years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Halley Halley PROPN Number=Sing 3 Comet nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Halley case 3 Comet Comet PROPN Number=Sing 4 comes nsubj 4 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 near near ADP _ 6 Earth case 6 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 4 comes obl 7 about about ADV _ 9 76 advmod 8 every every DET PronType=Tot 9 76 det 9 76 76 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 years nummod 10 years year NOUN Number=Plur 4 comes obl:unmarked 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Halley's Comet Earth year vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near earth=Location
Example 3 The comet's tail points away from the Sun.
det nmod:poss case nsubj advmod case det obl root The DET comet NOUN 's PART tail NOUN points VERB away ADV from ADP the DET Sun. PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 comet det 2 comet comet NOUN Number=Sing 4 tail nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 comet case 4 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 5 points nsubj 5 points point VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 away away ADV _ 5 points advmod 7 from from ADP _ 9 Sun. case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Sun. det 9 Sun. Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 5 points obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 point away present the comet's tail sunday away property vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 We saw a comet through binoculars.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root We PRON saw VERB a DET comet NOUN through ADP binoculars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 comet det 4 comet comet NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obj 5 through through ADP _ 6 binoculars case 6 binoculars binocular NOUN Number=Plur 2 saw obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past We a comet binoculars vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer comet=Stimulus
Example 5 Comets are made of ice, dust and rock.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct conj cc conj punct root Comets NOUN are AUX made VERB of ADP ice NOUN , PUNCT dust NOUN and CCONJ rock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Comets comet NOUN Number=Plur 3 made nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 made aux:pass 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 ice case 5 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 dust punct 7 dust dust NOUN Number=Sing 5 ice conj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 rock cc 9 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 5 ice conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Comets of ice and dust and rock vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 6 A comet is sometimes called a «dirty snowball».
det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod det punct amod xcomp punct punct root A DET comet NOUN is AUX sometimes ADV called VERB a DET « PUNCT dirty ADJ snowball NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 comet det 2 comet comet NOUN Number=Sing 5 called nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 called aux:pass 4 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 5 called advmod 5 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 snowball det 7 « « PUNCT _ 9 snowball punct 8 dirty dirty ADJ Degree=Pos 9 snowball amod 9 snowball snowball NOUN Number=Sing 5 called xcomp 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 snowball punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive a comet sometimes property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 7 The comet will not be back for many years.
det nsubj aux advmod cop case amod obl punct root The DET comet NOUN will AUX not PART be AUX back ADV for ADP many ADJ years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 comet det 2 comet comet NOUN Number=Sing 6 back nsubj 3 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 back aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 back advmod 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 back cop 6 back back ADV _ root root 7 for for ADP _ 9 years case 8 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 9 years amod 9 years year NOUN Number=Plur 6 back obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 back punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is future the comet year back property tree rules
Example 8 Scientists landed a probe on a comet.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root Scientists NOUN landed VERB a DET probe NOUN on ADP a DET comet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 landed nsubj 2 landed land VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 probe det 4 probe probe NOUN Number=Sing 2 landed obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 comet case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 comet det 7 comet comet NOUN Number=Sing 2 landed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 landed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 land past Scientists a probe a comet vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent probe=Theme on comet=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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