constant Who acts: Constant, amount, you, car, constant crying, baby · What happens: mean, happen, stay, not change, be, drive · To what, where: same, number, maths, constant speed, water temperature, us
«constant» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: constant in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Constant means happening all the time or again and again.
nsubj xcomp det:predet det obl cc conj cc conj punct root Constant ADJ means VERB happening VERB all DET the DET time NOUN or CCONJ again ADV and CCONJ again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 happening happen VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 time det:predet 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 time det 6 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 happening obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 again cc 8 again again ADV _ 6 time conj 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 again cc 10 again again ADV _ 8 again conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Constant vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 happen not said to happen gerund Constant not said here time vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"constant noise".
punct amod punct punct root " PUNCT constant ADJ noise NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 noise punct 2 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 3 noise amod 3 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 noise punct 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 noise punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 Constant means staying the same, not changing.
nsubj xcomp det obj punct advmod conj punct root Constant ADJ means VERB staying VERB the DET same ADJ , PUNCT not PART changing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 staying stay VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 same det 5 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 3 staying obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 changing punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 changing advmod 8 changing change VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 staying conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Constant vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 stay not said to happen gerund Constant not said here the same vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme same=Location 3 not change gerund Constant not said here vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"drive at a constant speed".
punct case det amod obl punct punct root " PUNCT drive VERB at ADP a DET constant ADJ speed NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 drive punct 2 drive drive VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 6 speed case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 speed det 5 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 6 speed amod 6 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 2 drive obl 7 " " PUNCT _ 2 drive punct 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 drive punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drive in a quote imperative you not said here a constant speed vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
In maths and science, a constant is a number or amount that does not change, like the number of days in a week.
The tree, 23 words case obl cc conj punct det nsubj cop det cc conj nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl punct case det obj case nmod case det obl punct root In ADP maths NOUN and CCONJ science NOUN , PUNCT a DET constant NOUN is AUX a DET number NOUN or CCONJ amount NOUN that PRON does AUX not PART change VERB , PUNCT like ADP the DET number NOUN of ADP days NOUN in ADP a DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 maths case 2 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 10 number obl 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 science cc 4 science science NOUN Number=Sing 2 maths conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 maths punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 constant det 7 constant constant NOUN Number=Sing 10 number nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 number cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 number det 10 number number NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 amount cc 12 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 10 number conj 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 change nsubj 14 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 change aux 15 not not PART Polarity=Neg 16 change advmod 16 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 amount acl:relcl 17 , , PUNCT _ 20 number punct 18 like like ADP _ 20 number case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 number det 20 number number NOUN Number=Sing 16 change obj 21 of of ADP _ 22 days case 22 days day NOUN Number=Plur 20 number nmod 23 in in ADP _ 25 week case 24 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 25 week det 25 week week NOUN Number=Sing 16 change obl 26 . . PUNCT _ 10 number punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a constant a number or amount maths and science tree rules 2 not change present · do-support amount the number of days week vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient
Meaning 4 Usage: old, literary — kept apart, not parsed.
Constant means loyal and faithful.
nsubj xcomp cc conj punct root Constant ADJ means VERB loyal ADJ and CCONJ faithful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 loyal loyal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 faithful cc 5 faithful faithful ADJ Degree=Pos 3 loyal conj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Constant loyal property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a constant friend".
punct det amod punct punct root " PUNCT a DET constant ADJ friend NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 friend punct 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 friend det 3 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 4 friend amod 4 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 friend punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 friend punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 The car travelled at a constant speed of 60 kilometres an hour.
det nsubj case det amod obl case nummod nmod det nmod:unmarked punct root The DET car NOUN travelled VERB at ADP a DET constant ADJ speed NOUN of ADP 60 NUM kilometres NOUN an DET hour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 car det 2 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 travelled nsubj 3 travelled travel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 7 speed case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 speed det 6 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 7 speed amod 7 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 3 travelled obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 kilometres case 9 60 60 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 kilometres nummod 10 kilometres kilometre NOUN Number=Plur 7 speed nmod 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 hour det 12 hour hour NOUN Number=Sing 10 kilometres nmod:unmarked 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 travelled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 travel past the car a constant speed of 60 kilometres a hour vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at speed=Trajectory
Example 2 Keep the water temperature constant during the experiment.
det compound obj xcomp case det obl punct root Keep VERB the DET water NOUN temperature NOUN constant ADJ during ADP the DET experiment NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 temperature det 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 temperature compound 4 temperature temperature NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obj 5 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Keep xcomp 6 during during ADP _ 8 experiment case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 experiment det 8 experiment experiment NOUN Number=Sing 5 constant obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here the water temperature constant property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temperature=Theme
Example 3 The baby's constant crying kept us awake.
det nmod:poss case amod nsubj obj xcomp punct root The DET baby NOUN 's PART constant ADJ crying NOUN kept VERB us PRON awake ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 baby det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 5 crying nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 baby case 4 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 5 crying amod 5 crying crying NOUN Number=Sing 6 kept nsubj 6 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 kept obj 8 awake awake ADJ Degree=Pos 6 kept xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past the baby's constant crying us awake property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme 2 cry the baby nom crying «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 The dog was his constant companion.
det nsubj cop nmod:poss amod punct root The DET dog NOUN was AUX his PRON constant ADJ companion NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 6 companion nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 companion cop 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 companion nmod:poss 5 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 6 companion amod 6 companion companion NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 companion punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the dog dog's constant companion tree rules
Example 5 At a constant rate of 5 pages a day, 30 pages take 6 days.
The tree, 14 words case det amod obl case nummod nmod det nmod:unmarked punct nummod nsubj nummod obj punct root At ADP a DET constant ADJ rate NOUN of ADP 5 NUM pages NOUN a DET day NOUN , PUNCT 30 NUM pages NOUN take VERB 6 NUM days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 4 rate case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 rate det 3 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 4 rate amod 4 rate rate NOUN Number=Sing 13 take obl 5 of of ADP _ 7 pages case 6 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 pages nummod 7 pages page NOUN Number=Plur 4 rate nmod 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 day det 9 day day NOUN Number=Sing 7 pages nmod:unmarked 10 , , PUNCT _ 4 rate punct 11 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 pages nummod 12 pages page NOUN Number=Plur 13 take nsubj 13 take take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 14 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 15 days nummod 15 days day NOUN Number=Plur 13 take obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 13 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present 30 pages a constant rate of 5 pages a day day vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent at rate=Asset
Example 6 In a fair test, everything is constant except one thing.
case det amod obl punct nsubj cop case nummod obl punct root In ADP a DET fair ADJ test NOUN , PUNCT everything PRON is AUX constant ADJ except ADP one NUM thing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 test case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 test det 3 fair fair ADJ Degree=Pos 4 test amod 4 test test NOUN Number=Sing 8 constant obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 test punct 6 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 8 constant nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 constant cop 8 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 except except ADP _ 11 thing case 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 thing nummod 11 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 8 constant obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 constant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present everything a fair test except one thing; constant property tree rules
Example 7 The constant rain spoiled the camping trip.
det amod nsubj det compound obj punct root The DET constant ADJ rain NOUN spoiled VERB the DET camping NOUN trip NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 rain det 2 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rain amod 3 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 4 spoiled nsubj 4 spoiled spoil VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 trip det 6 camping camping NOUN Number=Sing 7 trip compound 7 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 4 spoiled obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 spoiled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spoil past the constant rain the camping trip tree rules
Example 8 The wife of the Viking lived in constant pain and sorrow about it.
det nsubj case det nmod case amod obl cc conj case nmod punct root The DET wife NOUN of ADP the DET Viking PROPN lived VERB in ADP constant ADJ pain NOUN and CCONJ sorrow NOUN about ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wife det 2 wife wife NOUN Number=Sing 6 lived nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 Viking case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Viking det 5 Viking Viking PROPN Number=Sing 2 wife nmod 6 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 pain case 8 constant constant ADJ Degree=Pos 9 pain amod 9 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 6 lived obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 sorrow cc 11 sorrow sorrow NOUN Number=Sing 9 pain conj 12 about about ADP _ 13 it case 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 sorrow nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 lived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live past the wife of the Viking constant pain and sorrow about sorrow vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pain=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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