constrict Who acts: snake, blood vessels, Cold, someone, Tight rules, python · What happens: make, squeeze, constrict, get, limit, do · To what, where: something, it, prey, Tight rules, players, cold
«constrict» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: constrict in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To make something narrower or tighter by squeezing it: «The snake constricted its prey».
The tree, 14 words mark obj amod cc conj mark advcl obj punct punct det nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct punct root To PART make VERB something PRON narrower ADJ or CCONJ tighter ADJ by SCONJ squeezing VERB it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET snake NOUN constricted VERB its PRON prey NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 make obj 4 narrower narrow ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 something amod 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 tighter cc 6 tighter tight ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 narrower conj 7 by by SCONJ _ 8 squeezing mark 8 squeezing squeeze VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 make advcl 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 squeezing obj 10 : : PUNCT _ 14 constricted punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 14 constricted punct 12 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 snake det 13 snake snake NOUN Number=Sing 14 constricted nsubj 14 constricted constrict VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 squeezing advcl 15 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 prey nmod:poss 16 prey prey NOUN Number=Sing 14 constricted obj 17 » » PUNCT _ 14 constricted punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive something vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product 2 squeeze gerund it vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 3 constrict in a quote participle the snake snake's prey vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent prey=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: body — kept apart, not parsed.
When blood vessels, pupils of the eye or airways get narrower: «Cold makes blood vessels constrict».
The tree, 16 words advmod compound nsubj punct conj case det nmod cc conj advcl xcomp punct punct nsubj compound nsubj xcomp punct punct root When ADV blood NOUN vessels NOUN , PUNCT pupils NOUN of ADP the DET eye NOUN or CCONJ airways NOUN get VERB narrower ADJ : PUNCT « PUNCT Cold ADJ makes VERB blood NOUN vessels NOUN constrict VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 11 get advmod 2 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 3 vessels compound 3 vessels vessel NOUN Number=Plur 11 get nsubj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 pupils punct 5 pupils pupil NOUN Number=Plur 3 vessels conj 6 of of ADP _ 8 eye case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 eye det 8 eye eye NOUN Number=Sing 5 pupils nmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 airways cc 10 airways airway NOUN Number=Plur 3 vessels conj 11 get get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 makes advcl 12 narrower narrow ADJ Degree=Cmp 11 get xcomp 13 : : PUNCT _ 11 get punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 15 Cold punct 15 Cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 16 makes nsubj 16 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 17 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 18 vessels compound 18 vessels vessel NOUN Number=Plur 19 constrict nsubj 19 constrict constrict VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 makes xcomp 20 » » PUNCT _ 19 constrict punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 16 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present blood vessels and pupils of the eye or airways narrow property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 2 make in a quote present Cold tree rules 3 constrict in a quote infinitive blood vessels vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 To limit what someone can do: «Tight rules constricted the players».
The tree, 11 words mark advcl obj nsubj aux punct punct amod obl acl det obj punct punct root To PART limit VERB what PRON someone PRON can AUX do VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT Tight ADJ rules NOUN constricted VERB the DET players NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 limit mark 2 limit limit VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 do advcl 3 what what PRON PronType=Int 6 do obj 4 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 do nsubj 5 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 do aux 6 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 : : PUNCT _ 10 rules punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 10 rules punct 9 Tight tight ADJ Degree=Pos 10 rules amod 10 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 6 do obl 11 constricted constrict VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 rules acl 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 players det 13 players player NOUN Number=Plur 11 constricted obj 14 » » PUNCT _ 11 constricted punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 limit to-infinitive someone not said here vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer 2 do can someone Tight rules vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality 3 constrict in a quote participle Tight rules not said here the players vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent player=Patient
Example 1 The python constricts its prey until it stops breathing.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct root The DET python NOUN constricts VERB its PRON prey NOUN until SCONJ it PRON stops VERB breathing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 python det 2 python python NOUN Number=Sing 3 constricts nsubj 3 constricts constrict VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 prey nmod:poss 5 prey prey NOUN Number=Sing 3 constricts obj 6 until until SCONJ _ 8 stops mark 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 stops nsubj 8 stops stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 constricts advcl 9 breathing breathe VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 stops xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 constricts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 constrict present the python python's prey vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent prey=Patient 2 stop present python vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 3 breathe gerund python not said here vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 In the cold, the blood vessels in your fingers constrict.
case det obl punct det compound nsubj case nmod:poss nmod punct root In ADP the DET cold NOUN , PUNCT the DET blood NOUN vessels NOUN in ADP your PRON fingers NOUN constrict VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 cold case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cold det 3 cold cold NOUN Number=Sing 11 constrict obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 cold punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 vessels det 6 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 7 vessels compound 7 vessels vessel NOUN Number=Plur 11 constrict nsubj 8 in in ADP _ 10 fingers case 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 fingers nmod:poss 10 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur 7 vessels nmod 11 constrict constrict VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 constrict punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 constrict infinitive the blood vessels in your fingers the cold vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 During an asthma attack, the airways constrict, so it is hard to breathe.
The tree, 13 words case det compound obl punct det nsubj punct advmod expl cop conj mark xcomp punct root During ADP an DET asthma NOUN attack NOUN , PUNCT the DET airways NOUN constrict VERB , PUNCT so ADV it PRON is AUX hard ADJ to PART breathe VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 4 attack case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 attack det 3 asthma asthma NOUN Number=Sing 4 attack compound 4 attack attack NOUN Number=Sing 8 constrict obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 attack punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 airways det 7 airways airway NOUN Number=Plur 8 constrict nsubj 8 constrict constrict VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 hard punct 10 so so ADV _ 13 hard advmod 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 hard expl 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 hard cop 13 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 constrict conj 14 to to PART _ 15 breathe mark 15 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 hard xcomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 constrict punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 constrict infinitive the airways during a asthma attack vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present the airways not said here hard property tree rules 3 breathe to-infinitive the airways not said here vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 His throat constricted with fear.
nmod:poss nsubj case obl punct root His PRON throat NOUN constricted VERB with ADP fear NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 throat nmod:poss 2 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 3 constricted nsubj 3 constricted constrict VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 with with ADP _ 5 fear case 5 fear fear NOUN Number=Sing 3 constricted obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 constricted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 constrict participle His throat with fear vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with fear=Instrument
Example 5 The tight collar constricted her neck.
det amod acl nmod:poss obj punct root The DET tight ADJ collar NOUN constricted VERB her PRON neck NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 collar det 2 tight tight ADJ Degree=Pos 3 collar amod 3 collar collar NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 constricted constrict VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 collar acl 5 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 neck nmod:poss 6 neck neck NOUN Number=Sing 4 constricted obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 collar punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 constrict participle the tight collar not said here her neck vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent neck=Patient
Example 6 Bright light makes the pupils of your eyes constrict.
amod nsubj det obj case nmod:poss nmod xcomp punct root Bright ADJ light NOUN makes VERB the DET pupils NOUN of ADP your PRON eyes NOUN constrict VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 2 light amod 2 light light NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes nsubj 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pupils det 5 pupils pupil NOUN Number=Plur 3 makes obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 eyes case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 eyes nmod:poss 8 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 5 pupils nmod 9 constrict constrict VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 makes xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Bright light the pupils of your eyes tree rules 2 constrict infinitive the pupils of your eyes not said here vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 Too many rules can constrict creativity.
advmod amod nsubj aux obj punct root Too ADV many ADJ rules NOUN can AUX constrict VERB creativity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Too too ADV _ 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rules amod 3 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 5 constrict nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 constrict aux 5 constrict constrict VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 creativity creativity NOUN Number=Sing 5 constrict obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 constrict punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 constrict can many rules creativity vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent creativity=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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