cooking Who acts: Cooking, food, someone, I, Dad, Mum · What happens: make, eat, heat, boil, fry, mean · To what, where: food, cooking, dinner, pancakes, most, raw food
«cooking» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cooking in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Cooking is making food ready to eat by heating it, for example by baking, boiling or frying.
The tree, 17 words nsubj aux obj xcomp mark xcomp mark advcl obj punct case obl case obl punct conj cc conj punct root Cooking NOUN is AUX making VERB food NOUN ready ADJ to PART eat VERB by SCONJ heating VERB it PRON , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN by ADP baking NOUN , PUNCT boiling VERB or CCONJ frying VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 3 making nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 making aux 3 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing 3 making obj 5 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos 3 making xcomp 6 to to PART _ 7 eat mark 7 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 ready xcomp 8 by by SCONJ _ 9 heating mark 9 heating heat VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 eat advcl 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 heating obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 example punct 12 for for ADP _ 13 example case 13 example example NOUN Number=Sing 9 heating obl 14 by by ADP _ 15 baking case 15 baking baking NOUN Number=Sing 9 heating obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 boiling punct 17 boiling boil VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 heating conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 frying cc 19 frying fry VERB VerbForm=Ger 17 boiling conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 3 making punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · progressive Cooking food ready property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset food=Product 2 eat to-infinitive food not said here vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 heat gerund food not said here food for example; by baking vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient 4 boil gerund food not said here vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 5 fry gerund food not said here vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Cooking also means the food someone makes.
nsubj advmod det obj nsubj acl:relcl punct root Cooking NOUN also ADV means VERB the DET food NOUN someone PRON makes VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 2 also also ADV _ 3 means advmod 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 food det 5 food food NOUN Number=Sing 3 means obj 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 makes nsubj 7 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 food acl:relcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Cooking the food vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic 2 make present someone the food not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Product
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
I love Dad's cooking.
nsubj nmod:poss case obj punct root I PRON love VERB Dad PROPN 's PART cooking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 love nsubj 2 love love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Dad Dad PROPN Number=Sing 5 cooking nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 Dad case 5 cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 2 love obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 love punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present I Dad's cooking vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cooking=Stimulus 2 cook Dad nom cooking «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 3 Cooking (verb) means making food now.
nsubj punct conj punct xcomp obj advmod punct root Cooking NOUN ( PUNCT verb NOUN ) PUNCT means VERB making VERB food NOUN now ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 verb punct 3 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cooking conj 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 verb punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 making make VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 means xcomp 7 food food NOUN Number=Sing 6 making obj 8 now now ADV PronType=Dem 6 making advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Cooking and verb vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 make not said to happen gerund Cooking and verb not said here food now vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset food=Product
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Mum is cooking dinner.
nsubj aux obj punct root Mum NOUN is AUX cooking VERB dinner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 3 cooking nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 cooking aux 3 cooking cook VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 3 cooking obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 cooking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cook present · progressive Mum dinner vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent dinner=Patient
Example 1 I love cooking pancakes with my grandma.
nsubj xcomp obj case nmod:poss obl punct root I PRON love VERB cooking VERB pancakes NOUN with ADP my PRON grandma NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 love nsubj 2 love love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 cooking cook VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 love xcomp 4 pancakes pancake NOUN Number=Plur 3 cooking obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 grandma case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 grandma nmod:poss 7 grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 3 cooking obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 love punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present I vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 cook not said to happen gerund I not said here pancakes with my grandma vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent pancake=Patient with grandma=Instrument
Example 2 Dad does most of the cooking at home.
nsubj obj case det nmod case nmod punct root Dad NOUN does VERB most ADJ of ADP the DET cooking NOUN at ADP home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 does nsubj 2 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 2 does obj 4 of of ADP _ 6 cooking case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cooking det 6 cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 3 most nmod 7 at at ADP _ 8 home case 8 home home NOUN Number=Sing 6 cooking nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 does punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present Dad most of the cooking at home vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Eventuality
Example 3 Cooking turns raw food into food we can eat safely.
nsubj amod obj case obl nsubj aux acl:relcl advmod punct root Cooking NOUN turns VERB raw ADJ food NOUN into ADP food NOUN we PRON can AUX eat VERB safely ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 2 turns nsubj 2 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 raw raw ADJ Degree=Pos 4 food amod 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 turns obj 5 into into ADP _ 6 food case 6 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 turns obl 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 eat nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 eat aux 9 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 food acl:relcl 10 safely safely ADV _ 9 eat advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 turns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present Cooking raw food food vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent food=Theme into food=Trajectory 2 eat can we food not said here safely property vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient
Example 4 Always ask an adult before you start cooking.
advmod det obj mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct root Always ADV ask VERB an DET adult NOUN before SCONJ you PRON start VERB cooking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Always always ADV PronType=Tot 2 ask advmod 2 ask ask VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 adult det 4 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 2 ask obj 5 before before SCONJ _ 7 start mark 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 start nsubj 7 start start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 ask advcl 8 cooking cook VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 start xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 ask punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask imperative you not said here a adult always property vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient 2 start present you vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 cook gerund you not said here vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 5 Something smells good; what are you cooking?
nsubj xcomp punct obj aux nsubj conj punct root Something PRON smells VERB good ADJ ; PUNCT what PRON are AUX you PRON cooking VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 smells nsubj 2 smells smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 2 smells xcomp 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 cooking punct 5 what what PRON PronType=Int 8 cooking obj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 cooking aux 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 cooking nsubj 8 cooking cook VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 smells conj 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 smells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell present Something good property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 cook present · progressive you vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent what=Patient
Example 6 Turn pan handles in when you are cooking.
compound obj mark advmod nsubj aux advcl punct root Turn VERB pan NOUN handles NOUN in SCONJ when ADV you PRON are AUX cooking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Turn turn VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 pan pan NOUN Number=Sing 3 handles compound 3 handles handle NOUN Number=Plur 1 Turn obj 4 in in SCONJ _ 8 cooking mark 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 cooking advmod 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 cooking nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 cooking aux 8 cooking cook VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Turn advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn imperative you not said here pan handles vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent handle=Theme 2 cook present · progressive you vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent
Example 7 We had a cooking class at school and made pizza.
nsubj det compound obj case obl cc conj obj punct root We PRON had VERB a DET cooking NOUN class NOUN at ADP school NOUN and CCONJ made VERB pizza NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 class det 4 cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 5 class compound 5 class class NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 at at ADP _ 7 school case 7 school school NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 made cc 9 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 had conj 10 pizza pizza NOUN Number=Sing 9 made obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We a cooking class school vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Patient 2 make past We not said here pizza vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pizza=Product
Example 8 Grandma's cooking is the best!
nmod:poss case nsubj cop det punct root Grandma NOUN 's PART cooking NOUN is AUX the DET best ADJ ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 3 cooking nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Grandma case 3 cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 6 best nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 best cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 best det 6 best good ADJ Degree=Sup root root 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 6 best punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Grandma's cooking good property tree rules 2 cook Grandma nom cooking «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 9 More wood was needed to finish cooking it.
amod nsubj:pass aux:pass mark xcomp xcomp obj punct root More ADJ wood NOUN was AUX needed VERB to PART finish VERB cooking VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 More more ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 wood amod 2 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 4 needed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 needed aux:pass 4 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to PART _ 6 finish mark 6 finish finish VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 needed xcomp 7 cooking cook VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 finish xcomp 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 cooking obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 needed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need past · passive More wood tree rules 2 finish not said to happen to-infinitive More wood not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 3 cook gerund More wood not said here wood vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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