courteous Who acts: shopkeeper, you, He, Holding, tour guide · What happens: show, be, give, bow, hold, do · To what, where: respect, courteous reply, rude letter, courteous knight, door, courteous thing
«courteous» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: courteous in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Polite, kind and showing respect for others.
punct conj cc conj obj case nmod punct root Polite ADJ , PUNCT kind ADJ and CCONJ showing VERB respect NOUN for ADP others NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polite polite ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 kind punct 3 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Polite conj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 showing cc 5 showing show VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Polite conj 6 respect respect NOUN Number=Sing 5 showing obj 7 for for ADP _ 8 others case 8 others other NOUN Number=Plur 6 respect nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Polite punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show gerund respect for others vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent respect=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The shopkeeper was courteous and helpful.
det nsubj cop cc conj punct root The DET shopkeeper NOUN was AUX courteous ADJ and CCONJ helpful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shopkeeper det 2 shopkeeper shopkeeper NOUN Number=Sing 4 courteous nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 courteous cop 4 courteous courteous ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 helpful cc 6 helpful helpful ADJ Degree=Pos 4 courteous conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 courteous punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the shopkeeper courteous property tree rules 2 be the shopkeeper not said here tree rules
Example 2 Always be courteous to your guests.
advmod cop case nmod:poss obl punct root Always ADV be AUX courteous ADJ to ADP your PRON guests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Always always ADV PronType=Tot 3 courteous advmod 2 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 3 courteous cop 3 courteous courteous ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 guests case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 guests nmod:poss 6 guests guest NOUN Number=Plur 3 courteous obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 courteous punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is imperative you not said here to your guests; always, courteous property tree rules
Example 3 He gave a courteous reply to the rude letter.
nsubj det amod obj case det amod obl punct root He PRON gave VERB a DET courteous ADJ reply NOUN to ADP the DET rude ADJ letter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 reply det 4 courteous courteous ADJ Degree=Pos 5 reply amod 5 reply reply NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 6 to to ADP _ 9 letter case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 letter det 8 rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos 9 letter amod 9 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past He a courteous reply the rude letter vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent reply=Theme to letter=Recipient
Example 4 The courteous knight bowed to the queen.
det amod acl case det obl punct root The DET courteous ADJ knight NOUN bowed VERB to ADP the DET queen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 knight det 2 courteous courteous ADJ Degree=Pos 3 knight amod 3 knight knight NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 bowed bow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 knight acl 5 to to ADP _ 7 queen case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 queen det 7 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 4 bowed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 knight punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bow participle the courteous knight not said here to the queen vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.pivot»: agent=Agent to queen=Pivot
Example 5 Holding the door open is a courteous thing to do.
csubj det obj xcomp cop det amod mark acl punct root Holding VERB the DET door NOUN open ADJ is AUX a DET courteous ADJ thing NOUN to PART do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Holding hold VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 thing csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 door det 3 door door NOUN Number=Sing 1 Holding obj 4 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Holding xcomp 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 thing cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 thing det 7 courteous courteous ADJ Degree=Pos 8 thing amod 8 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 to to PART _ 10 do mark 10 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 thing acl 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold gerund the door open property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Theme 2 is a present Holding a courteous thing tree rules 3 do to-infinitive vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Our tour guide was friendly and courteous.
nmod:poss compound nsubj cop cc conj punct root Our PRON tour NOUN guide NOUN was AUX friendly ADJ and CCONJ courteous ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 guide nmod:poss 2 tour tour NOUN Number=Sing 3 guide compound 3 guide guide NOUN Number=Sing 5 friendly nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 friendly cop 5 friendly friendly ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 courteous cc 7 courteous courteous ADJ Degree=Pos 5 friendly conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 friendly punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Our tour guide friendly property tree rules 2 be Our tour guide not said here tree rules
Example 7 For he was clever, honest, courteous, and witty.
case nsubj cop punct conj punct conj punct cc conj punct root For ADP he PRON was AUX clever ADJ , PUNCT honest ADJ , PUNCT courteous ADJ , PUNCT and CCONJ witty ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 For for ADP _ 4 clever case 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 clever nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 clever cop 4 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 honest punct 6 honest honest ADJ Degree=Pos 4 clever conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 courteous punct 8 courteous courteous ADJ Degree=Pos 4 clever conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 witty punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 witty cc 11 witty witty ADJ Degree=Pos 4 clever conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 clever punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past he clever property tree rules 2 be he not said here tree rules 3 be he not said here tree rules 4 be he not said here tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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