crawl Who acts: babies, insects, crawling, crawl, arms, baby · What happens: crawl, be, do, move, mean, go · To what, where: hands, ground, fast swimming stroke, head, smoke, caterpillar · Speech: someone speaks here
«crawl» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crawl in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To crawl is to move on your hands and knees, as babies do.
The tree, 13 words mark csubj cop mark case nmod:poss obl cc conj punct mark nsubj parataxis punct root To PART crawl VERB is AUX to PART move VERB on ADP your PRON hands NOUN and CCONJ knees NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ babies NOUN do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crawl mark 2 crawl crawl VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 move csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 move cop 4 to to PART _ 5 move mark 5 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 on on ADP _ 8 hands case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 hands nmod:poss 8 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 5 move obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 knees cc 10 knees knee NOUN Number=Plur 8 hands conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 do punct 12 as as SCONJ _ 14 do mark 13 babies baby NOUN Number=Plur 14 do nsubj 14 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 move parataxis 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present your hands and knees move property tree rules 3 do present babies vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To crawl is how insects, worms and snakes move along the ground slowly.
The tree, 13 words mark csubj advmod nsubj punct conj cc conj advcl case det obl advmod punct root To PART crawl VERB is VERB how ADV insects NOUN , PUNCT worms NOUN and CCONJ snakes NOUN move VERB along ADP the DET ground NOUN slowly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crawl mark 2 crawl crawl VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 is csubj 3 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 move advmod 5 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 10 move nsubj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 worms punct 7 worms worm NOUN Number=Plur 5 insects conj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 snakes cc 9 snakes snake NOUN Number=Plur 5 insects conj 10 move move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 is advcl 11 along along ADP _ 13 ground case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 ground det 13 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 10 move obl 14 slowly slowly ADV _ 10 move advmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 is punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 be present vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 move present insects and worms and snakes the ground slowly property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme along ground=Trajectory
Meaning 3 To crawl means to go very slowly, like traffic in a jam.
mark csubj mark ccomp advmod advmod punct case obl case det nmod punct root To PART crawl VERB means VERB to PART go VERB very ADV slowly ADV , PUNCT like ADP traffic NOUN in ADP a DET jam NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crawl mark 2 crawl crawl VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 go mark 5 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 means ccomp 6 very very ADV _ 7 slowly advmod 7 slowly slowly ADV _ 5 go advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 traffic punct 9 like like ADP _ 10 traffic case 10 traffic traffic NOUN Number=Sing 5 go obl 11 in in ADP _ 13 jam case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 jam det 13 jam jam NOUN Number=Sing 10 traffic nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 go not said to happen to-infinitive like traffic in a jam; slowly property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 To be crawling with something means to be full of crawling creatures or people.
The tree, 14 words mark aux csubj case obl mark cop ccomp case compound obl cc conj punct root To PART be AUX crawling VERB with ADP something PRON means VERB to PART be AUX full ADJ of ADP crawling NOUN creatures NOUN or CCONJ people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 crawling mark 2 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 3 crawling aux 3 crawling crawl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 means csubj 4 with with ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 crawling obl 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 9 full mark 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 full cop 9 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 6 means ccomp 10 of of ADP _ 12 creatures case 11 crawling crawling NOUN Number=Sing 12 creatures compound 12 creatures creature NOUN Number=Plur 9 full obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 people cc 14 people people NOUN Number=Plur 12 creatures conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl to-infinitive · progressive with something vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with something=Theme 2 mean present crawling vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 is not said to happen to-infinitive of crawling creatures or people; full property tree rules
Meaning 5 The crawl, or front crawl, is a fast swimming stroke with arms going over the head one at a time.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj punct cc amod conj punct cop det amod compound case nmod acl case det obl flat case det obl punct root The DET crawl NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ front ADJ crawl NOUN , PUNCT is AUX a DET fast ADJ swimming NOUN stroke NOUN with ADP arms NOUN going VERB over ADP the DET head NOUN one NUM at ADP a DET time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 crawl det 2 crawl crawl NOUN Number=Sing 12 stroke nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 crawl punct 4 or or CCONJ _ 6 crawl cc 5 front front ADJ Degree=Pos 6 crawl amod 6 crawl crawl NOUN Number=Sing 2 crawl conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 2 crawl punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 stroke cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 stroke det 10 fast fast ADJ Degree=Pos 12 stroke amod 11 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 12 stroke compound 12 stroke stroke NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 with with ADP _ 14 arms case 14 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 12 stroke nmod 15 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 arms acl 16 over over ADP _ 18 head case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 head det 18 head head NOUN Number=Sing 15 going obl 19 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 18 head flat 20 at at ADP _ 22 time case 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 time det 22 time time NOUN Number=Sing 15 going obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 12 stroke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the crawl or front crawl a fast swimming stroke with arms tree rules 2 go gerund arms not said here the head time vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over head=Initial_Location
Example 1 The baby is learning to crawl.
det nsubj aux mark xcomp punct root The DET baby NOUN is AUX learning VERB to PART crawl VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 baby det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 4 learning nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 learning aux 4 learning learn VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 to to PART _ 6 crawl mark 6 crawl crawl VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 learning xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 learning punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn present · progressive the baby vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 crawl to-infinitive the baby not said here vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 If there's smoke, crawl low under it to get out.
mark expl advcl nsubj punct advmod case obl mark advcl advmod punct root If SCONJ there PRON 's VERB smoke NOUN , PUNCT crawl VERB low ADV under ADP it PRON to PART get VERB out ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 's mark 2 there there PRON PronType=Dem 3 's expl 3 's be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 crawl advcl 4 smoke smoke NOUN Number=Sing 3 's nsubj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 crawl punct 6 crawl crawl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 low low ADV Degree=Pos 6 crawl advmod 8 under under ADP _ 9 it case 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 crawl obl 10 to to PART _ 11 get mark 11 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 crawl advcl 12 out out ADV _ 11 get advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 crawl punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be a condition, not said to happen present smoke there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 crawl present smoke low property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under it=Trajectory 3 get out to-infinitive out property vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 A caterpillar crawled across the leaf.
det acl case det obl punct root A DET caterpillar NOUN crawled VERB across ADP the DET leaf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 caterpillar det 2 caterpillar caterpillar NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 crawled crawl VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 caterpillar acl 4 across across ADP _ 6 leaf case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 leaf det 6 leaf leaf NOUN Number=Sing 3 crawled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 caterpillar punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl participle a caterpillar not said here the leaf vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across leaf=Trajectory
Example 4 Traffic crawled along the motorway.
nsubj case det obl punct root Traffic PROPN crawled VERB along ADP the DET motorway NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Traffic Traffic PROPN Number=Sing 2 crawled nsubj 2 crawled crawl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 along along ADP _ 5 motorway case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 motorway det 5 motorway motorway NOUN Number=Sing 2 crawled obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 crawled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl past Traffic the motorway vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along motorway=Trajectory
Example 5 The kitchen was crawling with ants.
det nsubj aux case obl punct root The DET kitchen NOUN was AUX crawling VERB with ADP ants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kitchen det 2 kitchen kitchen NOUN Number=Sing 4 crawling nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 crawling aux 4 crawling crawl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 ants case 6 ants ant NOUN Number=Plur 4 crawling obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 crawling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl past · progressive the kitchen with ants vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with ant=Theme
Example 6 I can swim fifty metres of front crawl.
nsubj aux nummod obj case amod nmod punct root I PRON can AUX swim VERB fifty NUM metres NOUN of ADP front ADJ crawl NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 swim nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 swim aux 3 swim swim VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 fifty fifty NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 metres nummod 5 metres metre NOUN Number=Plur 3 swim obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 crawl case 7 front front ADJ Degree=Pos 8 crawl amod 8 crawl crawl NOUN Number=Sing 5 metres nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 swim punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim can I fifty metres of front crawl vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme metre=Trajectory
Example 7 We crawled through the tunnel in the playground.
nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root We PRON crawled VERB through ADP the DET tunnel NOUN in ADP the DET playground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 crawled nsubj 2 crawled crawl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 through through ADP _ 5 tunnel case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 tunnel det 5 tunnel tunnel NOUN Number=Sing 2 crawled obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 playground case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 playground det 8 playground playground NOUN Number=Sing 2 crawled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 crawled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl past We the tunnel in the playground vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through tunnel=Trajectory
Example 8 The last lesson before the holidays crawled by.
det amod case det nmod acl obl punct root The DET last ADJ lesson NOUN before ADP the DET holidays NOUN crawled VERB by ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 lesson det 2 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 3 lesson amod 3 lesson lesson NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 before before ADP _ 6 holidays case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 holidays det 6 holidays holiday NOUN Number=Plur 3 lesson nmod 7 crawled crawl VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 holidays acl 8 by by ADP _ 7 crawled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 lesson punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl participle the holidays not said here vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 9 The place is crawling with them,” said he.
det nsubj aux ccomp case obl punct punct nsubj punct root The DET place NOUN is AUX crawling VERB with ADP them PRON , PUNCT ” PUNCT said VERB he PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 place det 2 place place NOUN Number=Sing 4 crawling nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 crawling aux 4 crawling crawl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 said ccomp 5 with with ADP _ 6 them case 6 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 crawling obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 4 crawling punct 8 ” " PUNCT _ 4 crawling punct 9 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 said nsubj 11 . . PUNCT _ 9 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl present · progressive the place with them = they vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with they=Theme 2 say speech: assert in a quote past place vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous cravingnext → crayfish↑ back to C in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/crawl/