crayfish Who acts: small freshwater animal, We, crayfish, clawed crayfish, people, Herons · What happens: live, use, call, eat, find, hide · To what, where: rivers, name, NZ, animals, crayfish, stone · Speech: someone speaks here
«crayfish» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crayfish in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A small freshwater animal like a tiny lobster, with claws, a hard shell and ten legs, living in rivers, streams and lakes.
The tree, 22 words det amod compound case det amod nmod punct case conj punct det amod conj cc nummod conj punct acl case obl punct conj cc conj punct root A DET small ADJ freshwater NOUN animal NOUN like ADP a DET tiny ADJ lobster NOUN , PUNCT with ADP claws NOUN , PUNCT a DET hard ADJ shell NOUN and CCONJ ten NUM legs NOUN , PUNCT living VERB in ADP rivers NOUN , PUNCT streams NOUN and CCONJ lakes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 animal det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 4 animal amod 3 freshwater freshwater NOUN Number=Sing 4 animal compound 4 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 like like ADP _ 8 lobster case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 lobster det 7 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 lobster amod 8 lobster lobster NOUN Number=Sing 4 animal nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 claws punct 10 with with ADP _ 11 claws case 11 claws claw NOUN Number=Plur 8 lobster conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 shell punct 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 shell det 14 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 15 shell amod 15 shell shell NOUN Number=Sing 8 lobster conj 16 and and CCONJ _ 18 legs cc 17 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 18 legs nummod 18 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 8 lobster conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 living punct 20 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 animal acl 21 in in ADP _ 22 rivers case 22 rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 20 living obl 23 , , PUNCT _ 24 streams punct 24 streams stream NOUN Number=Plur 22 rivers conj 25 and and CCONJ _ 26 lakes cc 26 lakes lake NOUN Number=Plur 22 rivers conj 27 . . PUNCT _ 4 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live gerund a small freshwater animal like a tiny lobster and claws and a hard shell and ten legs not said here rivers and streams and lakes vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: UK, Australia, NZ — kept apart, not parsed.
A name also used for the spiny lobster (rock lobster), a sea animal without big claws; in NZ it is also called «crayfish» or «koura».
The tree, 25 words det nsubj:pass advmod acl case det amod obl punct compound appos punct punct det compound conj case amod nmod punct case obl nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod punct xcomp punct cc punct conj punct punct root A DET name NOUN also ADV used VERB for ADP the DET spiny ADJ lobster NOUN ( PUNCT rock NOUN lobster NOUN ) PUNCT , PUNCT a DET sea NOUN animal NOUN without ADP big ADJ claws NOUN ; PUNCT in ADP NZ PROPN it PRON is AUX also ADV called VERB « PUNCT crayfish NOUN » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT koura NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 name det 2 name name NOUN Number=Sing 26 called nsubj:pass 3 also also ADV _ 4 used advmod 4 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 name acl 5 for for ADP _ 8 lobster case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 lobster det 7 spiny spiny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 lobster amod 8 lobster lobster NOUN Number=Sing 4 used obl 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 lobster punct 10 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 11 lobster compound 11 lobster lobster NOUN Number=Sing 8 lobster appos 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 lobster punct 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 animal punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 animal det 15 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 16 animal compound 16 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 8 lobster conj 17 without without ADP _ 19 claws case 18 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 19 claws amod 19 claws claw NOUN Number=Plur 16 animal nmod 20 ; ; PUNCT _ 26 called punct 21 in in ADP _ 22 NZ case 22 NZ NZ PROPN Number=Sing 26 called obl 23 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 26 called nsubj:pass 24 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 26 called aux:pass 25 also also ADV _ 26 called advmod 26 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 27 « « PUNCT _ 28 crayfish punct 28 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Sing 26 called xcomp 29 » » PUNCT _ 28 crayfish punct 30 or or CCONJ _ 32 koura cc 31 « « PUNCT _ 32 koura punct 32 koura koura NOUN Number=Sing 28 crayfish conj 33 » » PUNCT _ 28 crayfish punct 34 . . PUNCT _ 26 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle a name not said here for the spiny lobster and a sea animal without big claws vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 call present · passive a name NZ vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Meaning 3 The meat of these animals eaten as food: «crayfish sandwich».
det case det nmod acl case obl punct punct compound appos punct punct root The DET meat NOUN of ADP these DET animals NOUN eaten VERB as ADP food NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT crayfish NOUN sandwich NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 meat det 2 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 5 animals case 4 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 5 animals det 5 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 2 meat nmod 6 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 animals acl 7 as as ADP _ 8 food case 8 food food NOUN Number=Sing 6 eaten obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 12 sandwich punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 12 sandwich punct 11 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Sing 12 sandwich compound 12 sandwich sandwich NOUN Number=Sing 2 meat appos 13 » » PUNCT _ 12 sandwich punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 meat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat participle this animals not said here as food vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 We found a crayfish hiding under a stone in the stream.
nsubj det obj acl case det obl case det obl punct root We PRON found VERB a DET crayfish NOUN hiding VERB under ADP a DET stone NOUN in ADP the DET stream NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 found nsubj 2 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 crayfish det 4 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Sing 2 found obj 5 hiding hide VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 crayfish acl 6 under under ADP _ 8 stone case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 stone det 8 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 5 hiding obl 9 in in ADP _ 11 stream case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 stream det 11 stream stream NOUN Number=Sing 5 hiding obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past We a crayfish vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crayfish=Topic 2 hide gerund a crayfish not said here a stone in the stream vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under stone=Location
Example 2 Crayfish have ten legs and two big claws.
nsubj nummod obj cc nummod amod conj punct root Crayfish NOUN have VERB ten NUM legs NOUN and CCONJ two NUM big ADJ claws NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 legs nummod 4 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 2 have obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 8 claws cc 6 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 claws nummod 7 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 8 claws amod 8 claws claw NOUN Number=Plur 4 legs conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Crayfish ten legs and two big claws vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
Example 3 The white-clawed crayfish is the UK's only native crayfish.
det amod punct amod nsubj cop det nsubj cop advmod amod punct root The DET white ADJ - PUNCT clawed VERB crayfish NOUN is AUX the DET UK PROPN 's AUX only ADV native ADJ crayfish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 crayfish det 2 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 4 clawed amod 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 white punct 4 clawed claw VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 crayfish amod 5 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Sing 12 crayfish nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 crayfish cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 UK det 8 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 12 crayfish nsubj 9 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 crayfish cop 10 only only ADV _ 12 crayfish advmod 11 native native ADJ Degree=Pos 12 crayfish amod 12 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 . . PUNCT _ 12 crayfish punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 claw participle vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 2 is a present the clawed crayfish native crayfish tree rules
Example 4 In Louisiana, people call them crawfish and boil them with corn.
case obl punct nsubj obj xcomp cc conj obj case obl punct root In ADP Louisiana PROPN , PUNCT people NOUN call VERB them PRON crawfish NOUN and CCONJ boil VERB them PRON with ADP corn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Louisiana case 2 Louisiana Louisiana PROPN Number=Sing 5 call obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Louisiana punct 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 call nsubj 5 call call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 call obj 7 crawfish crawfish NOUN Number=Sing 5 call xcomp 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 boil cc 9 boil boil VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 call conj 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 boil obj 11 with with ADP _ 12 corn case 12 corn corn NOUN Number=Sing 9 boil obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 call punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present people them = they Louisiana vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient 2 boil present people not said here people with corn vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient with corn=Instrument
Example 5 In New Zealand, we ate crayfish caught off the coast.
case flat obl punct nsubj obj acl case det obl punct root In ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN , PUNCT we PRON ate VERB crayfish NOUN caught VERB off ADP the DET coast NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 Zealand case 2 New New PROPN Number=Sing 3 Zealand flat 3 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 6 ate obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 Zealand punct 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 ate nsubj 6 ate eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Plur 6 ate obj 8 caught catch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 crayfish acl 9 off off ADP _ 11 coast case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 coast det 11 coast coast NOUN Number=Sing 8 caught obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 ate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past we crayfish New Zealand vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crayfish=Patient 2 catch participle crayfish not said here off the coast vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Crayfish shed their hard shells as they grow.
nsubj nmod:poss amod obj mark nsubj advcl punct root Crayfish NOUN shed VERB their PRON hard ADJ shells NOUN as SCONJ they PRON grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Plur 2 shed nsubj 2 shed shed VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 shells nmod:poss 4 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 5 shells amod 5 shells shell NOUN Number=Plur 2 shed obj 6 as as SCONJ _ 8 grow mark 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 grow nsubj 8 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 shed advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 shed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shed past Crayfish Crayfish's hard shells vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Source 2 grow present Crayfish vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Herons eat crayfish from the river.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root Herons NOUN eat VERB crayfish NOUN from ADP the DET river NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Herons heron NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat nsubj 2 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Sing 2 eat obj 4 from from ADP _ 6 river case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 river det 6 river river NOUN Number=Sing 2 eat obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present Herons crayfish the river vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crayfish=Patient
Example 8 Thus the Old Ritualists will not eat the crayfish (rak), holding that it was created by the Devil.
The tree, 18 words advmod det amod nsubj aux advmod det obj punct appos punct punct advcl mark nsubj:pass aux:pass ccomp case det obl punct root Thus ADV the DET Old ADJ Ritualists NOUN will AUX not PART eat VERB the DET crayfish NOUN ( PUNCT rak NOUN ) PUNCT , PUNCT holding VERB that SCONJ it PRON was AUX created VERB by ADP the DET Devil PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thus thus ADV _ 7 eat advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Ritualists det 3 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 Ritualists amod 4 Ritualists ritualist NOUN Number=Plur 7 eat nsubj 5 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 eat aux 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 eat advmod 7 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 crayfish det 9 crayfish crayfish NOUN Number=Sing 7 eat obj 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 rak punct 11 rak rak NOUN Number=Sing 9 crayfish appos 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 rak punct 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 holding punct 14 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 eat advcl 15 that that SCONJ _ 18 created mark 16 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 created nsubj:pass 17 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 created aux:pass 18 created create VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 holding ccomp 19 by by ADP _ 21 Devil case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 Devil det 21 Devil Devil PROPN Number=Sing 18 created obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 7 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not eat future the Old Ritualists the crayfish thus property vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crayfish=Patient 2 hold gerund the Old Ritualists not said here vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 create past · passive the Devil crayfish vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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